
Willow flies are also known as mayflies. They belong to the scientific order Ephemeroptera, an order of an ancient group of insects that also contains dragonflies and damselflies
Damselfly
Damselflies are insects of the suborder Zygoptera in the order Odonata. They are similar to dragonflies, which constitute the other odonatan suborder, Anisoptera, but are smaller, have slimmer bodies, and most species fold the wings along the body when at rest. An ancient group, d…
What is the difference between mayflies and mayflies?
They’re just common names of the same pest. Typically, they’re called mayflies because they’re most often found during May. That’s the most common season you’ll have to deal with these pests. And when you see them, they’ll often be in huge swarms, otherwise known as mayfly swarms.
Are mayflies and Shad flies the same thing?
Mayflies also have a dual “tail” that extends from their bodies. Mayflies, fishflies, and shad flies are all the same thing. They’re just common names of the same pest. Typically, they’re called mayflies because they’re most often found during May. That’s the most common season you’ll have to deal with these pests.
What is the phylogeny of the mayfly?
Mayfly phylogeny was further studied using morphological and molecular analyses by Ogden and others in 2009. They found that the Asian genus Siphluriscus was sister to all other mayflies. Some existing lineages such as Ephemeroidea, and families such as Ameletopsidae, were found not to be monophyletic, through convergence among nymphal features.
Do mayflies live in every state?
Mayflies are found all over the United States and worldwide. They’re not specific to any state and are widespread in North America. However, they typically prefer areas with cleaner rivers and streams with warmer conditions. Some states do have more mayfly problems compared to other states, such as Connecticut and Michigan.

Are mayflies and willow flies the same?
There are more than 500 species of willow flies (also called mayflies) in North America.
Are fish flies and mayflies the same thing?
According to entomologist Mark O'Brien of the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, “Mayflies are really the correct term for the millions of Ephemeroptera that emerge from Lake Erie and other lakes. Even though the colloquial term may be 'fishfly,' it is erroneous.
Do willow flies sting?
Threats. Mayflies are nuisance pests and cannot bite or sting. They are, however, very attracted to light, which can result in massive swarms around buildings at night and piles of dead flies below lights and windows in the morning.
What is the proper name for mayflies?
EphemeropteraThe scientific name for the Mayfly is Ephemeroptera, which comes from the Greek language and means “short-lived.” Mayflies emerge in large groups but have short lifespans. Other names for the mayfly include the dayfly, drake, fishfly, sandfly, and shadfly.
What are mayflies good for?
Mayflies are a vital link in the food web of freshwater ecosystems, making energy stored in algae and other aquatic plants available to higher consumers (other invertebrates, fish, birds, etc.).
Can mayflies bite?
Mayflies don't bite. They don't sting. They don't have mouths, so they don't even eat. They can live with that because they die in a day.
What is the lifespan of a willow fly?
Willow flycatchers have a lifespan of three to four years. FEEDING: Willow flycatchers are entirely insectivorous, either hawking prey in the air or gleaning it from tree limbs. Prey species are usually flies, gnats, mosquitoes, and other terrestrial or aquatic insects.
What is the willow fly?
Willow flies are also known as mayflies. They belong to the scientific order Ephemeroptera, an order of an ancient group of insects that also contains dragonflies and damselflies. Over 3,000 species of mayfly are known worldwide.
Are there mayflies in Tennessee?
A swarm of young mayflies is a common occurrence in Tennessee. This is how trout anglers came up with the term 'match the hatch' when fly fishing. The fisherman will use a swarm of mayflies to disguise his lure. Adult mayflies do not bite, sting or carry disease-causing organisms and only live a day or two.
Are mayflies harmless?
Mayflies are rarely abundant enough to be a bother. Almost always, they are a harmless part of the natural world. Mayfly nymphs are an important component of many freshwater ecosystems. Their grazing is important in preventing the buildup of a large biomass of aquatic algae and detritus, and in nutrient cycling.
What is a mayfly look like?
Mayflies are delicate-looking insects with one or two pairs of membranous, triangular wings, which are extensively covered with veins. At rest, the wings are held upright, like those of a butterfly. The hind wings are much smaller than the forewings and may be vestigial or absent.
Why is it called a mayfly?
The common name comes from the habit of one species, Ephemera danica, which emerge as adults when the Mayflower or Hawthorn is in bloom. In 1834, the entomologist John Curtis published a paper 'Description of some nondescript British species of mayflies of anglers'.
What are mayflies called?
Despite their name, mayflies are not actually flies. Sometimes called shadflies and lake flies, they are aquatic insects and are an important food source for fish and reptiles. These insects get their name from their typical emergence during the month of May, though they can emerge earlier or later depending on the species and environmental conditions. Mayflies are known for their two or three tails that are often longer than their bodies. If you need to get rid of mayflies on your property, it is recommended you hire a pest control professional.
Why are mayflies considered aquatic?
Mayflies are often seen as a sign of healthy water ecosystems because they are very sensitive to pollutants. They have relatively short lifecycles.
What is a flies?
Flies are a common pest around the world. Although flies have short lifespans, they are able to quickly reproduce in large numbers and are also capable of spreading various dangerous diseases.
How to prevent mayflies?
Homeowners should replace mercury-vapor lamps with high-pressure sodium vapor lamps, while white incandescent fluorescent bulbs should be replaced with yellow bulbs. It’s also best to ensure all door and widows are properly screened and secured, and to seal holes and cracks that might permit mayfly entry into the home.
How many legs does a Mayfly have?
Mayflies are slender, elongated insects with antennae, two pairs of wings and six legs. Additionally, they can have two or three tails, which are usually longer than their body. There are many species, with some as small as 1 mm long while others are up to 30 mm long.
Do mayflies eat algae?
Immature mayflies, also known as nymphs, feed on microscopic algae and organic matter in the water. Adults don’t have functioning mouthparts, and therefore do not eat. However, this isn’t an issue since mayflies only live as mature adults for a few days.
Can mayflies cause allergies?
In areas that see large swarms, mayflies could affect driving conditions and visibility. For allergy sufferers, mayflies could be a source of seasonal allergies. When they die, their molted skin and bodies break up and are easily carried by the wind.
Why are Mayflies called Mayflies?
They’re just common names of the same pest. Typically, they’re called mayflies because they’re most often found during May. That’s the most common season you’ll have to deal with these pests. And when you see them, they’ll often be in huge swarms, otherwise known as mayfly swarms.
What is a Mayfly?
Mayflies are small flies with an elongated body with a pair of wings. They’re most often referenced as “miniature mosquitoes” as they have a similar appearance in body shape, but not size. These species are part of the Ephemeroptera order, which are part of the Palaeoptera division.
Why are mayflies important?
Mayflies are an important part of the ecosystem. They provide a food source for many fish and reptiles found in the wild, and since they’re so abundant, some predators rely on mayflies for a steady source of food. Just like any other ecosystem, mayflies have their purpose to sustain and maintain any ecosystem.
What happens when a mayfly emerges from the water?
After a nymph emerges out of the water as an adult with wings, they’re going to fly around and look for a mate. Adult mayflies with such a short lifespan need to find a mate quickly and breed.
How many phases does a Mayfly fly through?
Mayflies have a complicated life cycle for being such a simple species. They have a total of 4 total phases they go through.
How many limbs does a Mayfly have?
Mayflies also have 6 limbs, and a large, transparent pair of wings that are larger than their own body length. The body is typically black, yellow, or other shades of dull colors. The wings are always transparent, though they may have dark linings going through them.
How to catch mayflies?
You can catch mayflies by setting up traps. There are quite a few types of traps you can build to catch them, and here are some you may want to check out later in this guide.
What is a fishfly called?
Woodchucks and groundhogs are interchangeable terms in the Midwest, and, in Michigan, the insect that the rest of the country knows as the mayfly is called a fishfly. According to entomologist Mark O’Brien of the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, ...
What is the correct term for the millions of Ephemeroptera that emerge from Lake Erie and other lakes?
According to entomologist Mark O’Brien of the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, “Mayflies are really the correct term for the millions of Ephemeroptera that emerge from Lake Erie and other lakes.
Is the term "fishfly" erroneous?
Even though the colloquial term may be ‘fishfly,’ it is erroneous. The term ‘fishfly’ actually names another entirely different group of insects, the Corydalidae, or dobson flies.”. For more information, contact O’Brien at (734) 647-2199 or [email protected]. Improved Water Quality Signals Increase in Water Insects.

Overview
Mayflies (also known as shadflies or fishflies in Canada and the upper Midwestern U.S.; also up-winged flies in the United Kingdom) are aquatic insects belonging to the order Ephemeroptera. This order is part of an ancient group of insects termed the Palaeoptera, which also contains dragonflies and damselflies. Over 3,000 species of mayfly are known worldwide, grouped into over 400 genera in …
Description
Immature mayflies are aquatic and are referred to as nymphs or naiads. In contrast to their short lives as adults, they may live for several years in the water. They have an elongated, cylindrical or somewhat flattened body that passes through a number of instars (stages), molting and increasing in size each time. When ready to emerge from the water, nymphs vary in length, depending …
Biology
Mayflies are hemimetabolous (they have "incomplete metamorphosis"). They are unique among insects in that they moult one more time after acquiring functional wings; this last-but-one winged (alate) instar usually lives a very short time and is known as a subimago, or to fly fishermen as a dun. Mayflies at the subimago stage are a favourite food of many fish, and many fishing flies are m…
Conservation
The nymph is the dominant life history stage of the mayfly. Different insect species vary in their tolerance to water pollution, but in general, the larval stages of mayflies, stoneflies (Plecoptera) and caddis flies (Trichoptera) are susceptible to a number of pollutants including sewage, pesticides and industrial effluent. In general, mayflies are particularly sensitive to acidification, but tolerances vary, and certain species are exceptionally tolerant to heavy metal contamination and …
Taxonomy and phylogeny
As of 2012, over 3,000 species of mayfly in 42 families and over 400 genera are known worldwide, including about 630 species in North America. Mayflies are an ancient group of winged (pterygote) insects. Putative fossil stem group representatives (e.g. Syntonopteroidea-like Lithoneura lameerrei) are already known from the late Carboniferous. The largest mayfly of all times may have been Bojophlebia prokopi from the Upper Carboniferous of Moravia with a wingspan of 45 c…
In human culture
The Dutch Golden Age author Augerius Clutius (Outgert Cluyt) illustrated some mayflies in his 1634 De Hemerobio ("On the Mayfly"), the earliest book written on the group. Maerten de Vos similarly illustrated a mayfly in his 1587 depiction of the fifth day of creation, amongst an assortment of fish and water birds.
In 1495 Albrecht Dürer included a mayfly in his engraving The Holy Family with t…
External links
• Data related to Ephemeroptera at Wikispecies
• Media related to Ephemeroptera at Wikimedia Commons
• Info about Ephemeroptera on Tree of Life
• Mayfly Central hosted by Purdue University