Although Perceived Stress Scale (PSS, Cohen, Kamarack & Mermelstein, 1983) has been validated and widely used in many domains, there is still no validation in sports by comparing athletes and non-athletes and examining related psychometric indices.
Where can I find the PSS scale?
Alternatively, the PSS can be sourced through a simple search online. No permission is required to use this scale. It was intended to be an economical tool to be used for research purposes. The PSS is primarily used in research settings. Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983).
Do I need permission to use the PSS scale?
No permission is required to use this scale. It was intended to be an economical tool to be used for research purposes. The PSS is primarily used in research settings. Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983).
Why was the pss-10 scale recommended for future research?
The PSS-10 was recommended by the scale developers for use in future research, as it demonstrated psychometric properties comparable to the original, 14-item version. The psychometric properties of the PSS-10 were originally evaluated in a large national sample of 2,387 American adults.
What does the PSS measure?
As a global stress measure, the PSS items are general in nature rather than event-specific, and evaluate the extent to which individuals perceive their lives to be “unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloading” (Cohen et al., 1983, p. 387).
What is the average PSS score?
PSS-10 scores are obtained by reversing the scores on the four positive items: For example, 0=4, 1=3, 2=2, etc. and then summing across all 10 items. Items 4, 5, 7, and 8 are the positively stated items. Scores around 13 are considered average.
Is PSS a Likert scale?
1. 10-Item perceived stress scale (PSS-10) The PSS-10 is a self-report instrument consisting of 10 items purported to assess “how unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded respondents find their lives”. Each of the items on the PSS-10 are rated on a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (very often).
Is the PSS a survey?
The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is a classic stress assessment instrument. The tool, while originally developed in 1983, remains a popular choice for helping us understand how different situations affect our feelings and our perceived stress.
What is the Cronbach alpha for Perceived Stress Scale?
Cronbach's alpha is a measure of internal consistency reliability, with a value >. 70 considered a minimum measure of internal consistency (Nunnally & Bernstein, 1994). Cronbach's alpha of the PSS-14 was >. 70 in 11 of the 12 studies in which this version was evaluated, and was not evaluated in the 12th study.
Is the Perceived Stress Scale reliable?
Internal consistency reliability of the PSS-10 total and subscale scores was good in both language groups. Convergent validity was supported by expected relationships of PSS-10 scores to measures of anxiety and depression. These results support the use of the PSS-10 among Hispanic Americans.
Can I use the Perceived Stress Scale?
Profit related use of the Perceived Stress Scale requires the permission of both the American Sociological Association (ASA) and the author (S. Cohen). The author (S. Cohen) will grant you permission to use the PSS in printed questionnaire form, for a one-time fee of (USD) $200.
Can you modify Perceived Stress Scale?
It is allowed to do modifications as long as you exactly tell what you did so that another researcher can repeat your results and come to the same conclusion.
How is the PSS-10 scored?
To calculate a total PSS score, responses to the four positively stated items (items 4, 5, 7 and 8) first need to be reversed (i.e. 0 => 4; 1 => 3; 2 => 2; 3 => 1; 4 => 0). The PSS score is then obtained by summing across all items. Higher scores indicate higher levels of perceived stress.
Who invented PSS?
The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) developed by Cohen, Kamarck and Mermelstein [10] is a well-established self-report measure based on the psychological conceptualization of stress. The scale assesses “the degree to which situations in one's life are appraised as stressful” (p. 387; [10]).
When was the PSS-10 made?
The Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS; Cohen, Kamarack, & Mermelstein, 1983) is the most widely used measure of global perceived stress, and is a robust predictor of health and disease (Cohen, Janicki-Deverts, & Miller, 2007; Cohen, Tyrrell, & Smith, 1993).
How do you score PSS?
Each of the 10 items is scored from 0 to 4 (some items are reverse scored) meaning that the total PSS scores range from 0 to 40 where: 0-13 – Low stress. 14-26 – Moderate stress....Whilst the scoring is reversed for items: 4, 5, 7 and 8:Never (+4)Almost never (+3)Sometimes (+2)Fairly often (+1)Very often (0)
How do you use PSS-14?
PSS-14 scores are obtained by reversing the scores on the seven positive items, e.g., 0=4, 1=3, 2=2, etc., and then summing across all 14 items. Items 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, and 13 are the positively stated items.
What are the factors of the PSS-10?
A systematic review by Lee (2012) indicates that the PSS-10 tends to consist of two factors in adult and university student populations: Perceived Helplessness and Perceived Self‐Efficacy.
What is the Pss 10?
The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) is a 10-item questionnaire originally developed by Cohen et al. (1983) widely used to assess stress levels in young people and adults aged 12 and above. It evaluates the degree to which an individual has perceived life as unpredictable, uncontrollable and overloading over the previous month.
How old do you have to be to use PSS-10?
The PSS-10 can be used by children aged 12 and above (e.g. Kechter et al. 2019). The measure has been validated in both adolescent and adult populations.
How long is a test-retest reliable?
Test-retest reliability was found to be adequate in adults over a 2-week and 4-week period (Lee, 2012).
What is the purpose of measures and supported information displayed on our website?
The measures and supported information displayed on our website are intended to serve as an easily accessible resource for individuals looking for information on how to measure children and young people’s mental health and wellbeing.
Is PSS 10 correlated with stress?
Liu et al. (2020) found that scores on the PSS-10 were positively correlated with stressful life events in Chinese adolescents.
Is the PSS-10 good?
The PSS-10 has been shown to have a good internal consistency in both adults and university student populations, as reviewed by Lee (2012). Additional evidence also indicates good internal consistency in American (Kechter et al. 2019) and Chinese adolescents (Liu et al. 2020).