how did cabbage evolve

Full Answer

How did cabbage get its name?

Later (sometime after the year 1600), farmers selected for variants of the plant that produced enlarged leaf buds in particular. After many generations, this led to plants with huge heads of tightly rolled leaves — plants that we would call cabbage. Good ol' cabbage. (Dan Kitwood/Getty Images)

What does a cabbage plant look like in its first year?

Cabbage seedlings have a thin taproot and cordate (heart-shaped) cotyledon. The first leaves produced are ovate (egg-shaped) with a lobed petiole. Plants are 40–60 cm (16–24 in) tall in their first year at the mature vegetative stage, and 1.5–2.0 m (4.9–6.6 ft) tall when flowering in the second year.

How long does it take for cabbage to produce heads?

They do not produce heads and feature purple or green outer leaves surrounding an inner grouping of smaller leaves in white, red, or pink. Early varieties of cabbage take about 70 days from planting to reach maturity, while late varieties take about 120 days.

When did cabbage become popular in Europe?

Cabbage was most likely domesticated somewhere in Europe before 1000 BC, although savoys were not developed until the 16th century AD. By the Middle Ages, cabbage had become a prominent part of European cuisine.

Where did cabbage originally come from?

Cabbage in various forms are considered cultivar groups of a single species (Brassica oleracea), originated from the wild cabbage (B. oleracea var. oleracea) naturally growing in the coastal areas of continental Europe. Multiple simultaneous domestications are suggested at different sites in Europe.

When was cabbage created?

Savoy cabbage was developed in the 16th century. By the 17th and 18th centuries, cabbage was popularised as staple food in central, northern, and eastern Europe....CabbageSpeciesBrassica oleraceaCultivar groupCapitata GroupOriginEurope, prior to 1000 BCCultivar group membersWhite cabbage Red cabbage Savoy cabbage1 more row

What plant does cabbage come from?

Brassica oleracea is a plant species that includes many common cultivars, such as cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, kale, Brussels sprouts, collard greens, Savoy cabbage, kohlrabi, and gai lan. L.

Is cabbage the oldest vegetable?

History: Cabbage is one of the oldest vegetables known, dating as far back as 4,000 BC. The original wild ancestor still grows in some coastal areas of Europe, but looks very different from the firm heads of cabbage we know today.

Is cabbage a real vegetable?

The most common species, cabbage (Brassica oleracea), is a biennial plant whose leaves can form a compact head. Cabbage is a voluminous, dense and highly nutritious vegetable, with the exception of Brussels sprouts, since they are a smaller variety.

Can dogs eat cabbage?

Cabbage is also safe for dogs, but comes with the same gassy warning! Yes, dogs can eat carrots. Carrots are an excellent low-calorie snack that is high in fiber and beta-carotene, which produces vitamin A.

Is cabbage a fruit or flower?

Cabbage as we know is a leafy vegetable mainly grown in the cool winter season and it is grown mainly in Nilgiri Hills, Theni, and Krishnagiri. Edible parts: Edible parts are those parts of the plant which are edible or which can be eaten like stem, leaves etc.

What country eats the most cabbage?

Consumption By Country The country with the largest volume of cabbage consumption was China (33M tonnes), comprising approx. 45% of total consumption. Moreover, cabbage consumption in China exceeded the figures recorded by the world's second-largest consumer, India (9.2M tonnes), fourfold.

Can you eat cabbage raw?

In addition to being super healthy, cabbage is delicious. It can be eaten raw or cooked and added to a wide variety of dishes like salads, soups, stews and slaws.

What is world's oldest vegetable?

beansBean is one of the earliest cultivated plants. The oldest findings and proofs that we used beans for food are 9,000 years old and were found in Thailand.

What is the oldest food?

BreadBread. Bread is one the very first foods made by mankind. It is believed that bread was first made some 30000 years ago.

What's the first fruit on Earth?

figsIn the ruins of a prehistoric village near Jericho, in the West Bank, scientists have found remains of figs that they say appear to be the earliest known cultivated fruit crop — perhaps the first evidence anywhere of domesticated food production at the dawn of agriculture. The figs were grown some 11,400 years ago.

Who invented the cabbage?

In the East, cabbage is used since the 4,000 BC and was cultivated in North China. These variants were nonheading cabbages and were domesticated by Celts of central and western Europe. Mesopotamia also knew about cabbages while the ancient Egyptians didn't cultivate cabbages until the times of the Ptolemaic dynasty.

Who introduced cabbage?

Cabbage was introduced to America in 1541-42 by Jacques Cartier, who planted it in Canada on his third voyage. Because of its popularity among Europeans, it was doubtless planted in what is now the United States by some of the earliest colonists, although there is no written record of it until 1669.

Is cabbage man made or natural?

Green leafy salads, including cabbage, are also man made vegetables. Other foods included under this category, however, are collard greens, for instance. In ancient Greek and Roman times, people originally planted wild mustard leaves to eat.

When was cauliflower invented?

Cauliflower was originally grown in Asia around the Mediterranean Sea. Cauliflower has been grown and eaten across Europe since the 1500s but did not start growing in the United States until the 1900s.

Why is cabbage bred?

Cabbage has been selectively bred for head weight and morphological characteristics, frost hardiness, fast growth and storage ability. The appearance of the cabbage head has been given importance in selective breeding, with varieties being chosen for shape, color, firmness and other physical characteristics. Breeding objectives are now focused on increasing resistance to various insects and diseases and improving the nutritional content of cabbage. Scientific research into the genetic modification of B. oleracea crops, including cabbage, has included European Union and United States explorations of greater insect and herbicide resistance.

Where did cabbage originate?

Although cabbage has an extensive history, it is difficult to trace its exact origins owing to the many varieties of leafy greens classified as "brassicas". A possible wild ancestor of cabbage, Brassica oleracea, originally found in Britain and continental Europe, is tolerant of salt but not encroachment by other plants and consequently inhabits rocky cliffs in cool damp coastal habitats, retaining water and nutrients in its slightly thickened, turgid leaves. However, genetic analysis is consistent with feral origin of this population, deriving from plants escaped from field and gardens. According to the triangle of U theory of the evolution and relationships between Brassica species, B. oleracea and other closely related kale vegetables (cabbages, kale, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and cauliflower) represent one of three ancestral lines from which all other brassicas originated.

What is cabbage?

oleracea var. capitata, var. tuba, var. sabauda or var. acephala) is a member of the genus Brassica and the mustard family, Brassicaceae. Several other cruciferous vegetables (sometimes known as cole crops) are cultivars of B. oleracea, including broccoli, collard greens, brussels sprouts, kohlrabi and sprouting broccoli. All of these developed from the wild cabbage B. oleracea var. oleracea, also called colewort or field cabbage. This original species evolved over thousands of years into those seen today, as selection resulted in cultivars having different characteristics, such as large heads for cabbage, large leaves for kale and thick stems with flower buds for broccoli.

What are the names of the cabbage tree?

It is also a part of common names for several unrelated species. These include cabbage bark or cabbage tree (a member of the genus Andira) and cabbage palms, which include several genera of palms such as Mauritia, Roystonea oleracea, Acrocomia and Euterpe oenocarpus.

Why does cabbage taste so bad?

The characteristic flavor of cabbage is caused by glucosinolates, a class of sulfur -containing glucosides. Although found throughout the plant, these compounds are concentrated in the highest quantities in the seeds; lesser quantities are found in young vegetative tissue, and they decrease as the tissue ages. Cooked cabbage is often criticized for its pungent, unpleasant odor and taste. These develop when cabbage is overcooked and hydrogen sulfide gas is produced.

Why is my cabbage turning brown?

Due to its high level of nutrient requirements, cabbage is prone to nutrient deficiencies, including boron, calcium, phosphorus and potassium. There are several physiological disorders that can affect the postharvest appearance of cabbage. Internal tip burn occurs when the margins of inside leaves turn brown, but the outer leaves look normal. Necrotic spot is where there are oval sunken spots a few millimeters across that are often grouped around the midrib. In pepper spot, tiny black spots occur on the areas between the veins, which can increase during storage.

How many petals does cabbage have?

The cabbage inflorescence, which appears in the plant's second year of growth, features white or yellow flowers, each with four perpendicularly arranged petals.

What did Babbage do for the world?

In addition to conceiving the first automatic digital computer, Babbage made notable contributions in other areas. He assisted in establishing the modern postal system in England and compiled the first reliable actuarial tables. He also invented a type of speedometer and the locomotive cowcatcher.

What was Babbage's idea for the Analytical Engine?

In that device he envisioned the capability of performing any arithmetical operation on the basis of instructions from punched cards, a memory unit in which to store numbers, sequential control, and most of the other basic elements of the present-day computer. As with the Difference Engine, the project was far more complex than anything theretofore built. The memory unit was to be large enough to hold 1,000 50-digit numbers; this was larger than the storage capacity of any computer built before 1960. The machine was to be steam-driven and run by one attendant.

What was Charles Babbage's main goal?

In 1812 Babbage helped found the Analytical Society, whose object was to introduce developments from the European continent into English mathematics. In 1816 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of London. He was instrumental in founding the Royal Astronomical (1820) and Statistical (1834) societies. Babbage, Charles.

When did Babbage start making calculators?

The idea of mechanically calculating mathematical tables first came to Babbage in 1812 or 1813 . Later he made a small calculator that could perform certain mathematical computations to eight decimals. Then in 1823 he obtained government support for the design of a projected machine, the Difference Engine, with a 20-decimal capacity.

Who was Babbage's friend?

In 1843 Babbage’s friend mathematician Ada Lovelace translated a French paper about the Analytical Engine and, in her own annotations, published how it could perform a sequence of calculations, the first computer program. The Analytical Engine, however, was never completed.

Who was Babbage's first computer?

Babbage is also known for his association with mathematician Ada Lovelace, who translated a French paper about Babbage’s Analytical Engine and, in her own annotations, published how it could perform a sequence of calculations, thereby creating the first computer program.

When was the difference engine built?

In 1991 British scientists built Difference Engine No. 2—accurate to 31 digits—to Babbage’s specifications, and in 2000 the printer for the Difference Engine was also built. Babbage made notable contributions in other areas as well.

Overview

Cabbage, comprising several cultivars of Brassica oleracea, is a leafy green, red (purple), or white (pale green) biennial plant grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads. It is descended from the wild cabbage (B. oleracea var. oleracea), and belongs to the "cole crops" or brassicas, meaning it is closely related to broccoli and cauliflower (var. botrytis); Brussels sprouts (var. gemmifera); and Savoy cabbage (var. sabauda).

Taxonomy and etymology

Description

History

Cultivation

Culinary use

Nutrients and phytochemicals

See also