From the outset of the rebellion in 1861, Lincoln’s overriding goal had been to bring the Southern states quickly back into the fold in order to restore the Union (). In early December 1863, the president began the process of reunification by unveiling a three-part proposal known as the ten percent plan that outlined how the states would return.
How did Lincoln plan to bring the south back into the Union?
RESTORING THE SOUTH TO THE UNION RECONSTRUCTION CHAPTER 5 Lincoln wanted to bring the south back into the Union. He had begun his plan for this in 1863 with the Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction.
What actions followed after the Confederate bombardment of Fort Sumter?
When we look at the actions that followed after the Confederate bombardment of Fort Sumter we always have to keep the goals of both Union and Confederation in mind. And the goal of the North and Abraham Lincoln was to end the status of secession and bring the South back into the Union.
What states seceded from the Union and became Confederate?
When the seven seceded states South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas had founded the Confederate States of America, more on that here, they believed to have all trumps on their side.
How did Congress react to the readmission of the south?
Congress became determined to fight the readmission of the Southern states by Johnson’s lenient standards, and it refused to seat any representatives from the South. The move angered President Johnson, and political volleying between the legislature and the executive office began.
How did the Union rebuild the South?
As part of being readmitted to the Union, states had to ratify the new amendments to the Constitution. The Union did a lot to help the South during the Reconstruction. They rebuilt roads, got farms running again, and built schools for poor and black children. Eventually the economy in the South began to recover.
How did Lincoln hope to restore the South to the Union?
Lincoln's blueprint for Reconstruction included the Ten-Percent Plan,which specified that a southern state could be readmitted into the Union once 10 percent of its voters (from the voter rolls for the election of 1860) swore an oath of allegiance to the Union.
When did the South rejoin the Union?
1868The former Confederate states began rejoining the Union in 1868, with Georgia being the last state to be readmitted, on July 15, 1870; it had rejoined the Union two years earlier but had been expelled in 1869 after removing African Americans from the state legislature.
How did they restore the Union?
A proposed constitutional amendment passed the Senate in April 1864, and the House of Representatives concurred in January 1865. The amendment then made its way to the states, where it swiftly gained the necessary support, including in the South.
How did white Southerners plan to restore the Old South?
White Southerners planned to restore the ''old South'' by establishing new state governments that looked much like the old ones. They passed black codes that limited the civil rights of black citizens. The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 laid out the process for readmitting Southern states into the Union.
How did the South rebuild after the Civil War?
Among the other achievements of Reconstruction were the South's first state-funded public school systems, more equitable taxation legislation, laws against racial discrimination in public transport and accommodations and ambitious economic development programs (including aid to railroads and other enterprises).
Why did it take so long for Southern states to rejoin the Union?
As fears increased that the South seemed to be returning to its pre-Civil War attitudes, Congress decided to take over control of Reconstruction from the president. First, Congress refused to allow any representatives from Southern states to take their seats until their states were formally readmitted to the Union.
Why didn't the North let the South secede?
Economically, the U.S. wasn't about to let the region driving its GDP just pull up stakes and start their own country. The economic stability of the entire country in the mid-19th century was predicated upon an industrial north, and an agricultural south. They supported each other in a way.
What did Lincoln do to reunify the Union?
President Lincoln worked to reach his goal of reunifying the nation quickly and proposed a lenient plan to reintegrate the Confederate states. After his murder in 1865, Lincoln’s vice president, Andrew Johnson, sought to reconstitute the Union quickly, pardoning Southerners en masse and providing Southern states with a clear path back to readmission. By 1866, Johnson announced the end of Reconstruction. Radical Republicans in Congress disagreed, however, and in the years ahead would put forth their own plan of Reconstruction.
What did Lincoln hope would happen in 1860?
Lincoln hoped that the leniency of the plan—90 percent of the 1860 voters did not have to swear allegiance to the Union or to emancipation—would bring about a quick and long-anticipated resolution and make emancipation more acceptable everywhere.
What did Booth do to the Confederacy?
Booth had steadfastly defended the Confederacy and white supremacy, and his act was part of a larger conspiracy to eliminate the heads of the Union government and keep the Confederate fight going.
What did radical Republicans want?
These members of Congress, known as Radical Republicans, wanted to remake the South and punish the rebels. Radical Republicans insisted on harsh terms for the defeated Confederacy and protection for former slaves, going far beyond what the president proposed.
What was the ironclad oath?
Among other stipulations, the Wade-Davis Bill called for a majority of voters and government officials in Confederate states to take an oath, called the Ironclad Oath, swearing that they had never supported the Confederacy or made war against the United States.
What was the plan for reconstruction?
ten percent plan. Lincoln’s Reconstruction plan, which required only 10 percent of the 1860 voters in Confederate states to take an oath of allegiance to the Union.
What was the goal of the Civil War?
President Lincoln moved quickly to achieve the war’s ultimate goal: reunification of the country.
What does Sherman say when he starts out on the march?
Sherman says when he starts out on the march, "I can make Georgia howl.". He's bringing the war to the civilian population. He doesn't kill civilians. He doesn't attack them, but he destroys property; he destroys their livelihoods and he liberates their slaves.
Who led the Great Army of the West?
Eric Foner: The great army of the West, commanded by General William T. Sherman, enters Savannah, Georgia, at Christmas of 1864. They have just come on their march to the sea, starting out in Atlanta. They have marched through the heart of Georgia...
What did Sherman say on the march?
Sherman says when he starts out on the march, "I can make Georgia howl.".
What was the challenge of reconstruction?
Reconstruction was a massive logistical, political, Constitutional, economic challenge like the country had never faced. It had now faced the challenge of all-out war. It had mobilized to defeat the South. It had created the largest armies in the history of the world to conduct this war.
Why is land important to African Americans?
For African Americans, land is essential to really enjoying freedom. The person who is dependent, economically dependent on someone else for their livelihood, is not truly free. Now, that's not an idea that was limited only to African Americans.
Why do they have to portage across the river?
The train tracks have been blown up, so they have to portage across a river because the bridge has been blown out, and then be pulled backwards in a train car from another part of the track. They stay in miserable accommodations on the way down.
Who said the true free person is the small farmer?
Jefferson had said the same thing: The truly free person is the small farmer, the yeoman farmer. Lincoln had said the same thing many times: The person who works for wages his entire life is not truly free. This was a very common idea in 19th-century America. The basis of freedom is economic independence.
Why did the North invade the South
When we look at the actions that followed after the Confederate bombardment of Fort Sumter we always have to keep the goals of both Union and Confederation in mind. And the goal of the North and Abraham Lincoln was to end the status of secession and bring the South back into the Union.
The strategy of the South
When we look at the strategy of the Confederacy and why the Confederacy would not immediately go on the offensive we have to look at their initial situation in April of 1861.
How did the Union & the Confederacy finance the Civil War?
The North and the South of the US had been different even before the Civil War, more on that here. And these differences in population and economy also influenced how the Civil War was financed.
Was the Civil War the first modern war?
The Civil War was different from the previous wars, especially in the following aspects:
