How do you propagate chimera?
- Remove open blooms from plant, leaving only peduncles.
- Remove buds and pedicels above leaflets.
- Cut blossom stem below leaflets.
- The cut blossom stems ready to root.
- Rooting the blossom stems.
- Wait for the plantlets to appear!
- Separate and pot the plantlets.
How do ghost sharks reproduce?
How do ghost sharks mate? Similar to others in the shark family, male ghost sharks have a retractable sex hook on their heads. This sex organ is used to hold the female in place during copulation, while another two clasper organs in the pelvic region inseminate her.
How do ratfish reproduce?
Spotted ratfish reproduce via internal fertilization, and the males have two large, forked claspers, which they use to pass sperm to females. They also have a unique head clasper, the purpose of which is not well known, but that may be used to corral a female during courtship.
Are chimaeras Oviparous?
Chimaeras are oviparous, depositing eggs on the bottom in long-necked, spindle or bottle-shaped egg cases, with a pair of narrow or broad, delicate side fins variably developed. Mature chimaeras vary in length from about 40 to 200 cm, the females being generally larger than males.
What makes chimaera unique?
Unlike sharks and rays, chimaeras have a single external gill opening, covered by a flap as in the bony fishes, on each side of the body. Male chimaeras, unique among fishes, also possess a supplemental clasping organ, the tentaculum, on the forehead and in front of each pelvic fin.
What fish is called the Rat of the sea?
The spotted ratfish (Hydrolagus colliei) is a chimaera found in the north-eastern Pacific Ocean....Spotted ratfishFamily:ChimaeridaeGenus:HydrolagusSpecies:H. collieiBinomial name9 more rows
Why is chimaera called ghost shark?
Also called chimaeras, ghost sharks are dead-eyed, wing-finned fish rarely seen by people. Relatives of sharks and rays, these deep-sea denizens split off from these other groups some 300 million years ago.
Can chimera humans reproduce?
Chimeras can often breed, but the fertility and type of offspring depends on which cell line gave rise to the ovaries or testes; varying degrees of intersex differences may result if one set of cells is genetically female and another genetically male.
Do chimeras lay eggs?
Due to their teeth, chimaeras are commonly known as ratfish or rabbitfish. They also called spook fish or ghost shark because of their spectral appearance, but don't be afraid, chimaeras are strange but have some charm. Chimaeras are oviparous, which mean that they lay eggs cases in the sand or buried in it.
What is ovoviviparous reproduction?
Ovoviviparity In Ovoviviparous Animals Ovoviviparous animals lay eggs and develop the eggs inside the mother's body. The eggs are hatched inside the mother. Once the egg hatches, it remains inside the mother for a period of time and is nurtured from within but not via a placental appendage.
What are chimeras weakness?
Typically, the Chimera is portrayed with the body and head of a male lion, the head and body of a lion, with the head of a goat arising from its back, and a tail that might end with a snake head. She does not typically have the power of flight, a weakness which is exploited by Bellerophon on his flying steed, Pegasus.
Are chimaeras poisonous?
Short-nosed chimaeras are often called “ratfish” because of their long, tapering tails. They can grow to be between 1 and 5 feet long, including their tails, and they have a distinctive, venomous spine on their backs that is potent enough to injure a human.
Are chimaeras blind?
Sharks are unable to distinguish colors, even though their close relatives rays and chimaeras have some color vision, according to new research by Dr. Nathan Scott Hart and colleagues from the University of Western Australia and the University of Queensland in Australia.
What is a chimaera?
A chimaera is a cartilaginous, deep-sea fish that is closely related to sharks and rays.
Where are chimaera fish found?
Chimaeras can be found around the world in ocean depths between 650-8,500 feet.
How do you pronounce chimaera?
Chimaera is pronounced, “kuh-MEER-uh.”
Why is the chimaera known as the "rabbit fish?"
The “rabbit fish” nickname refers to Chimaera monstrosa, a chimaera species with a distinctively large head, large eyes, oversized nostrils and lar...
Are chimaeras poisonous?
Short-nosed and long-nosed chimaeras both have a venomous spine on their backs that can be dangerous and painful to humans.
Where does the chimaera live?
The chimaera lives in the depths of every ocean in the world except the Arctic. It can be found in the twilight and midnight zones of the ocean.
Are Chimaeras herbivores, carnivores, or omnivores?
Chimaeras are Carnivores, meaning they eat other animals.
What Kingdom do Chimaeras belong to?
Chimaeras belong to the Kingdom Animalia.
What phylum do Chimaeras belong to?
Chimaeras belong to the phylum Chordata.
What class do Chimaeras belong to?
Chimaeras belong to the class Chondrichthyes.
How long does it take for a chimaera to lay eggs?
The number of eggs laid depends on the species, and researchers believe that it takes anywhere from 6 to 12 months for the eggs to hatch.
How long are chimera hatchlings?
Chimaera hatchlings are usually about 5 inches long, and they look like miniature versions of their adult counterparts. Most deep-sea fish have little interaction with their young because they grow and develop in a shallower strata of the ocean, so there is almost no overlap in their habitats.
How big do chimaeras get?
They are typically pale in color and can grow up to 4.5 feet in length. Like the short-nosed chimaera, they also have a small, venomous dorsal spine.
Why are chimaeras called ratfish?
Short-nosed chimaeras are often called “ratfish” because of their long, tapering tails. They can grow to be between 1 and 5 feet long, including their tails, and they have a distinctive, venomous spine on their backs that is potent enough to injure a human. Most are brown in color.
What is a chimera called?
Callorhinchidae, meaning “plough-nosed” chimaera. Chimaeridae, meaning “short-nosed” chimera. Rhinochimeridae, meaning “long-nosed” chimaera. The term “chimera” or “chimaera” is also used to describe a mythical lion-goat-snake hybrid creature. While these chimaeras do not bear any resemblance to their Greek mythology counterparts, ...
How many species of chimaera are there in the ocean?
There are over 50 species of chimaera fish living in the ocean today.
Why are chimaera called ghost sharks?
Each family of chimaera fish has a distinctive, somewhat gruesome appearance, and they are often collectively referred to as “ghost sharks” because of their strange, pale coloring.
How are chimeras formed?
Put another way, the chimera is formed from the merging of two nonidentical twins (a similar merging presumably occurs with identical twins, but as their genotypes are not significantly distinct, the resulting individual would not be considered a chimera).
Why do plants have chimeras?
There are multiple reasons to explain the occurrence of plant chimera during plant recovery stage: (1) The process of shoot organogenesis starts form the multicellular origin. (2) The endogenous tolerance leads to the ineffectiveness of the weak selective agents. (3) A self-protection mechanism (cross protection).
How is a tetragametic chimera formed?
This results in the development of an organism with intermingled cell lines. Put another way, the chimera is formed from the merging of two nonidentical twins (a similar merging presumably occurs with identical twins, but as their genotypes are not significantly distinct, the resulting individual would not be considered a chimera). As such, they can be male, female, or have mixed intersex characteristics.
How do nonidentical twins get chimeras?
The likelihood of offspring being a chimera is increased if it is created via in vitro fertilisation. Chimeras can often breed, but the fertility and type of offspring depends on which cell line gave rise to the ovaries or testes; varying degrees of intersex differences may result if one set of cells is genetically female and another genetically male.
What is a two color rose chimera?
A genetic chimerism or chimera ( /kaɪˈmɪərə/ ky-MEER-ə or /kɪˈmɪərə/ kə-MEER-ə, also spelled chimaera or chimæra) is a single organism composed of cells with more than one distinct genotype. In animals, this means an individual derived from two or more zygotes, which can include possessing blood cells ...
Why are chimera mice important?
Chimeric mice are important animals in biological research, as they allow for the investigation of a variety of biological questions in an animal that has two distinct genetic pools within it. These include insights into problems such as the tissue specific requirements of a gene, cell lineage, and cell potential.
When was the chimera first reported?
In 1953 a human chimera was reported in the British Medical Journal. A woman was found to have blood containing two different blood types. Apparently this resulted from her twin brother's cells living in her body. A 1996 study found that such blood group chimerism is not rare.
How do chimaeras resemble sharks?
Chimaeras resemble sharks in some ways: they employ claspers for internal fertilization of females and they lay eggs with leathery cases. They also use electroreception to find their prey. However, unlike sharks, male chimaeras also have retractable sexual appendages on the forehead (a type of tentaculum) and in front of the pelvic fins. The females lay eggs in spindle -shaped, leathery egg cases.
How big do chimaeras get?
They grow up to 150 cm (4.9 ft) in length, although this includes the lengthy tail found in some species. In many species, the snout is modified into an elongated sensory organ. Like other members of the class Chondrichthyes, chimaera skeletons are constructed of cartilage.
How deep do chimaeras live?
Visible on its snout are tiny pores which lead to electroreceptor cells. Chimaeras live in temperate ocean floors down to 2,600 m (8,500 ft) deep, with few occurring at depths shallower than 200 m (660 ft). Exceptions include the members of the genus Callorhinchus, ...
What is a chimera fish?
Chimaeras are cartilaginous fish in the order Chimaeriformes / kɪˈmɛrɪfɔːrmiːz /, known informally as ghost sharks, rat fish, spookfish, or rabbit fish; the last three names are not to be confused with rattails, Opisthoproctidae, or Siganidae, respectively.
What is the color of a chimaera?
Their skin is smooth and naked, lacking placoid scales (except in the claspers), and their color can range from black to brownish gray. For defense, most chimaeras have a venomous spine in front of the dorsal fin. They use these fins to "fly" through water.
When did chimeras first appear?
The group containing Chimeras and their close relatives ( Holocephali) is thought to have originated about 420 million years ago during the Silurian. The earliest known remains attributable to modern chimaeras first appear in the Early Jurassic ( Pleinsbachian) of Europe, but egg cases from the Late Triassic of Yakutia, Russia and New Zealand that resemble those of rhinochimaerids and callorhinchids respectively indicates that they had a global distribution prior to the end of the Triassic. Unlike modern chimaeras, Mesozoic representatives are often found in shallow water settings. The extant species fall into three families—the Callorhinchidae, Rhinochimaeridae and Chimaeridae with the callorhinchids being the most basal clade .
Do chimaeras have parasites?
As other fish, chimaeras have a number of parasites. Chimaericola leptogaster ( Chimaericolidae) is a monogenean parasite of the gills of Chimaera monstrosa; the species can attain 50 mm (2.0 in) in length.
Where did the Chimera come from?
The Chimera comes from ancient Greek mythology, appearing in paintings as early as the 6th century BC and in texts as early as the 8th century BC. Greek’s finest scholars, including Pliny the Elder, Seneca, Cicero, Virgil, Ovid, Homer, Plato, Pindar, Hesiod, all contributed to the monster’s legend.
What Is a Chimera?
A Chimera is a Greek monster with traits of the lion, the goat, and the serpent. This strange and terrifying creature was once thought to be invincible, but its reign of terror eventually came to a gruesome end.
What is a chimera in fantasy?
Today, the word “chimera” can be used to describe any creature with a strange combination of animal parts. However, the classic lion-goat-serpent Chimera still has a place in fantasy and sci-fi. Franchises like Yu-Gi-Oh, Wrath of the Titans, Percy Dragon, American Dragon, Final Fantasy, and World of Warcraft have all used the Chimera to test their heroes.
What is the Chimera's most deadly weapon?
The Chimera was reputed to be “near invincible,” for she had the strength of a lion, the cunning of a goat, and the venom of a snake. But this monster’s most unusual and deadly weapon, by far, was her ability to breathe fire. The fire spewed out from the goat’s head and devastated any challengers who approached the beast.
What was the Chimera's personality?
Personality. Like most chimeric creatures in Greek mythology, the Chimera was a nasty piece of work. She had a terrible temper and no civilized instincts. She ransacked many villages, mostly killing cattle but sometimes destroying houses and slaughtering innocent people as well.
Who is the father of the Chimera?
Parents. The Chimera was one of the offspring of a legendary pairing: Typhon and Echidna. Typhon, the father, was an ancient and monstrous giant who was believed to be the most dangerous creature in all of Greece. For a mate, he took the next most monstrous creature in Greece, a half-woman, half-serpent named Echidna.
Who was the sun goddess that inspired the chimera?
Three thousand years before the ancient Greek Chimera appeared, the Egyptians worshipped a sun goddess named Sekhmet, who sometimes appeared as a fire-breathing lion. It’s possible that Sekhmet’s legend inspired the Chimera.
How many beings does a chimera ant have?
A chimera ant have the appearance of only 3 beings that the queen ate (else they would all be very weird with butterfly wings, cat tails, female and male parts). The birth has many step: first the queen ate beings, then she create a "little queen" who had a cocoon, then for a royal guard, that "little queen" eat food to give power to the royal guards (the many beings are used for power, bot appearance and personality, that's why the royal guards are very strong), and then they are born, then they pick clothes from the captured humans when they are born (example, Pitou is born, she receive a name from the queen and pick some clothes)
Is Meruem's case the average for his species?
I always assumed this was the case. Even if it would have been troublesome in Meruem's specific case, Meruem's case was not the average for his species. I think this method of creating new queens would be optimal for most Chimera Ants.
Do chimera ants have souls?
This work with phagogenesis, her spawn has features of what she ate. But we know that it's a kind of resurrection, the chimera ants have the soul his previous life.
What Do They Look like?
What Do They Eat?
- Chimaera seem to be opportunist feeders. Feeding mainly on bottom-dwelling invertebrates, such as crabs, molluscs, octopuses, marine worms and sea-urchins. Crushing them with their 3 rows of tooth plates. Like sharks, chimaera use electroreceptionto find their prey in the dark.
Reproduction
- Like skates and some species of shark, chimaera reproduce by laying eggs. They lay these directly on flat sandy or muddy sea-beds. The size and shape of the egg will vary depending on the species. Females lay 2 eggs simultaneously, with several pairs laid each season. Although the exact number remains unknown. Depending on species, it may take 6-12...
Where Do They Live?
- Chimaera live in all the world’s oceans, except the Antarctic. They're found at depths ranging from 200-2,600m, and appear to remain within a few metres of the seafloor. They can be found in a variety of habitats. Including volcanic boulders and cobbles, high rocky relief, and soft sediments such as sand and mud. Some chimaera species are widespread. For example the Rabbitfish ca…
Chimaera in British Waters
- In UK and Irish waters 8 species of chimaera have been recorded: 1. Rabbitfish 2. Opal Chimaera 3. Small-eyed Rabbitfish 4. Large-eyed Rabbitfish 5. Pale Chimaera 6. Smallspine Spookfish 7. Longnose Chimaera 8. Straightnose Rabbitfish
Chimaera in Fisheries
- Around the world chimaera are directly targeted by a small number of fisheries. Particularly in coastal waters. In New Zealand and Australian waters, the Elephant Fish is commercially targeted and sold as whitefish fillets. In other parts of the world chimaera may be kept as ‘valued bycatch’ or discarded back into the sea. But once caught many chimaera species don't survive, due to bei…
Chimaera Conservation
- Like sharks, chimaera are vulnerable to commercial fishing pressure. They're long-lived - it's thought they live up to 30 years, likely longer. They also reach sexual maturity late and produce few young. As a deep-sea species, chimaera are at further risk from deep-sea trawling. A largely indiscriminate method of fishing in which they're caught as bycatch.
Overview
A genetic chimerism or chimera is a single organism composed of cells with more than one distinct genotype. In animals, this means an individual derived from two or more zygotes, which can include possessing blood cells of different blood types, subtle variations in form (phenotype) and, if the zygotes were of differing sexes, then even the possession of both female and male sex organs. …
Animals
An animal chimera is a single organism that is composed of two or more different populations of genetically distinct cells that originated from different zygotes involved in sexual reproduction. If the different cells have emerged from the same zygote, the organism is called a mosaic. Innate chimeras are formed from at least four parent cells (two fertilised eggs or early embryos fused toge…
Plants
The distinction between sectorial, mericlinal and periclinal plant chimeras are widely used.
These are produced by grafting genetically different parents, different cultivars or different species (which may belong to different genera). The tissues may be partially fused together following grafting to form a single growing organism th…
Viruses
In 2012, the first example of a naturally-occurring RNA-DNA hybrid virus was unexpectedly discovered during a metagenomic study of the acidic extreme environment of Boiling Springs Lake that is in Lassen Volcanic National Park, California. The virus was named BSL-RDHV (Boiling Spring Lake RNA DNA Hybrid Virus). Its genome is related to a DNA circovirus, which usually infect bir…
Ethics and legislation
The US and Western Europe have strict codes of ethics and regulations in place that expressly forbid certain subsets of experimentation using human cells, though there is a vast difference in the regulatory framework. Through the creation of human chimeras comes the question: where does society now draw the line of humanity? This question poses serious legal and moral issues, along with creating controversy. Chimpanzees, for example, are not offered any legal standing, a…
See also
• 46,XX/46,XY
• Chimera (molecular biology)
• Conjoined twins
• Genetic chimerism in fiction
• Half-sider budgerigar
Further reading
• Yu N, Kruskall MS, Yunis JJ, Knoll JH, Uhl L, Alosco S, Ohashi M, Clavijo O, Husain Z, Yunis EJ, Yunis JJ, Yunis EJ (2002). "Disputed maternity leading to identification of tetragametic chimerism". N Engl J Med. 346 (20): 1545–52. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa013452. PMID 12015394.
• Appel, Jacob M. "The Monster's Law", Genewatch, Volume 19, Number 2, March–April 2007.
External links
• "Chimerism Explained"
• Chimerism and cellular mosaicism, Genetic Home Reference, U.S. National Library of Medicine, National Institute of Health.
• Chimera: Apical Origin, Ontogeny and Consideration in Propagation
Overview
Chimaeras are cartilaginous fish in the order Chimaeriformes /kɪˈmɛrɪfɔːrmiːz/, known informally as ghost sharks, rat fish, spookfish, or rabbit fish; the last three names are not to be confused with rattails, Opisthoproctidae, or Siganidae, respectively.
At one time a "diverse and abundant" group (based on the fossil record), their c…
Description and habits
Chimaeras live in temperate ocean floors down to 2,600 m (8,500 ft) deep, with few occurring at depths shallower than 200 m (660 ft). Exceptions include the members of the genus Callorhinchus, the rabbit fish and the spotted ratfish, which locally or periodically can be found at shallower depths. Consequently, these are also among the few species from the chimaera order kept in public aquaria. Th…
Phylogenetics
Tracing the evolution of these species has been problematic given the paucity of good fossils. DNA sequencing has become the preferred approach to understanding speciation.
The group containing Chimeras and their close relatives (Holocephali) is thought to have originated about 420 million years ago during the Silurian. The oldest known Chimaeriform is Protochimaera from the Early Carboniferous (338-332 million years ago) of Russia, which is mor…
Parasites
As other fish, chimaeras have a number of parasites. Chimaericola leptogaster (Chimaericolidae) is a monogenean parasite of the gills of Chimaera monstrosa; the species can attain 50 mm (2.0 in) in length.
Classification
In some classifications, the chimaeras are included (as subclass Holocephali) in the class Chondrichthyes of cartilaginous fishes; in other systems, this distinction may be raised to the level of class. Chimaeras also have some characteristics of bony fishes.
A renewed effort to explore deep water and to undertake taxonomic analysis o…
See also
• List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish
• List of chimaeras
• Acanthothoraci
• Ptyctodontida