Knowledge Builders

how do motorhome refrigerators work

by Crystel Hansen Published 3 years ago Updated 2 years ago
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An RV refrigerator works by absorption and a chemical reaction between ammonia, water, and hydrogen. The ammonia is heated then goes through an evaporation and condensation process which causes the cooling effect of the fridge. The ammonia is heated either by a propane flame or electric element.

Full Answer

Does a RV refrigerator really have to be level to work right?

Yes for an RV Refrigerator to operate properly it needs to be level. The older the model of Fridge; the more important it is that it is kept level. A good rule of thumb is that the fridge can be plus or minus 2 degrees from plum. That equates to half a bubble out of the level line.

Does your RV fridge need to be level to work?

You may not realize that RV gas absorption refrigerators are designed quite differently than their residential counterparts. In order for the refrigerator in your RV to work properly, your trailer or motorhome needs to remain in a level position. Some RVers prefer to tilt their RV a degree or two to help drain rainwater and dew.

How to install a refrigerator in a RV?

  • Choosing a compatible new unit
  • Removing the old refrigerator
  • Cleaning and preparing the space
  • Placing and securing the new unit
  • Finishing touches

Why is my RV refrigerator not working?

Troubleshooting Easy Problems

  • Reset. RV refrigerators have a light with the word “check” over it. ...
  • Leveling. Have you ever had to deal with living in your RV when it wasn’t level? ...
  • Freezer Becomes a Block of Ice. Is your RV freezer freezing up or building a thick layer of frost? ...
  • Cooling Unit is Frozen Solid. ...

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How does a refrigerator run in an RV?

For this refrigerator, you must have a propane tank installed in your RV and keep it filled when it runs low on propane. Normally, these refrigerators have an “Auto” mode, which will automatically switch from electricity to propane when you disconnect from an electrical power source.

Does an RV refrigerator work while driving?

Answer provided by If you're worried, calm your nerves about your meat and produce. An RV refrigerator works while driving if it runs on a secondary battery. That said, your RV refrigerator will also run on a propane tank, if properly equipped.

Does RV refrigerator run on electricity?

Certain RV fridges can run on both electricity and propane, making it easy for you to switch between sources if need be. Just ensure you have a sufficient supply of propane in case you need to change. If you are using an older fridge model, the power consumption might be higher than in modern refrigerators.

What do RV refrigerators run off of?

Many refrigerators on RVs run off one or multiple of three main sources of power, depending on type of vehicle (trailer, fifth wheel, motor home) and power capabilities as dictated by vehicle size. These common power sources for refrigerators on RVs include electricity via generator, on-board battery and LP gas.

Will RV fridge run off battery?

An RV refrigerator will run off of the battery if your fridge model is set up for it or if it uses propane too. An absorption fridge will run on batteries only for about 3 hours but if using propane too it will last for weeks. A residential RV fridge will last for about 12 hours on batteries.

Will my RV fridge run off battery while driving?

The short answer is: Yes! An RV fridge can be used while driving. Keep in mind there are safety concerns with running propane while driving.

How long does a 30 lb propane tank last in an RV fridge?

That means that a 30 lb. propane tank can run our appliances for 16 hours before running out.

Is it better to run RV fridge on gas or electric?

Generally speaking, propane-powered RV fridges are preferred as they don't require a lot of maintenance, and they last longer as they don't have any moving parts. An electric fridge, on the other hand, is a bit safer and doesn't require you to be on the lookout for gas leaks.

Does an RV refrigerator work better on gas or electric?

Many agree that RV refrigerators work better on electricity, as it keeps the food fresh and cold for a longer period. On the other hand, a gas RV fridge will cool faster and stay colder even in high temperatures.

How long will a 12 volt battery run a refrigerator?

In general, a 12V-50Ah battery can run a 2 cubic feet 12V fridge for 35 to 50 hours before it's completely depleted. A 10 cubic feet RV refrigerator can run on the same battery for only 10 to 15 hours. However, it's important to note that: Batteries should not be fully discharged.

Can I run my RV refrigerator on propane while driving?

RV refrigerators work best when using propane but 3 way refrigerators can be run on 12volt Dc while driving. This conserves propane but will drain your battery if you switch your motor off for even a few hours. If you travel with your generator running, use the electric setting on your refrigerator.

Will an RV fridge run on propane without a battery?

To run on propane (LP), an RV fridge does not require battery power, but it does require battery power to open the gas valve and fire the igniter. The front panel LEDs and thermostat are also powered by RV batteries.

Can you run RV fridge on propane while driving?

RV refrigerators work best when using propane but 3 way refrigerators can be run on 12volt Dc while driving. This conserves propane but will drain your battery if you switch your motor off for even a few hours. If you travel with your generator running, use the electric setting on your refrigerator.

Can you use propane fridge while driving?

There are lots of opinions about running the fridge in a travel trailer on propane while driving. Here is one more. The short answer is Yes, you can tow with the fridge running on propane.

Can you run a gas fridge while driving?

A: Travelling with the gas turned on is a big no-no. All caravan and gas appliance manufacturers advise you to turn the gas off while travelling for safety. This is more due to having a naked flame running on your van, and associated dangers with entering a service station, than any issues with the fridge itself.

Does RV refrigerator work better on gas or electric?

Many agree that RV refrigerators work better on electricity, as it keeps the food fresh and cold for a longer period. On the other hand, a gas RV fridge will cool faster and stay colder even in high temperatures.

How Does an RV Refrigerator Work?

Your household refrigerator uses a compressor to run its cooling cycle, but a traditional RV refrigerator is different. It is what is known as an absorption refrigerator, and it works differently.

What is RV refrigerator?

An RV refrigerator is a fridge that works on whatever type of power is supplied to an RV at any given time. This could be 12V power supplied by the engine’s alternator, 120V power from plugging into a campground shore power pedestal, or power supplied by LP (liquid propane) gas.

Do RV Refrigerators Work Better On Gas Or Electric?

Once the cooling process is started, it runs the same regardless of the source of heat. And during the ongoing, normal operation of the refrigerator, any of the three possible heating sources will run the refrigerator pretty much the same.

What does the red arrow on a Class B RV mean?

The red arrow points to a refrigerator vent on this Class B RV. The vent indicates that this Roadtrek has an absorption refrigerator.

What type of power does an RV refrigerator use?

Adding this third heating source means these fridges are known as 3-way refrigerators: they can cool using (1) propane, (2) 120V AC, or (3) 12V DC power. Because generating heat takes a lot of power, these 3-way RV refrigerators usually only operate on 12V DC power only when the RV’s engine is running, so the engine’s alternator can provide the 12V power in order to prevent the RV’s battery (ies) from being drained. And they’re almost always on the smaller side.

Why is an RV refrigerator so finicky?

Absorption RV refrigerators are also a bit more finicky than their residential counterparts. Because the cooling process requires the flow of gas and liquids through a maze of pipes and chambers, the RV needs to be close to level in order for the fridge to work at its best. Too far off, and the cooling process won’t run completely, resulting in inefficient/ineffective refrigeration.

Why does my RV have an absorption refrigerator?

If you see a vent on the outside of an RV in the area where the refrigerator is located, you know that RV has an absorption refrigerator (or was designed to have one), because the heat generated when the fridge is running in propane mode needs to vent to the outside.

Types of RV Refrigerators

Depending on the rig you have and its capabilities, there are a few different types of RV refrigerators. You may have a preferred type, but only after having experience with one type or another. Let’s take a look at those types now.

Popular RV Refrigerator Brands

Whether you are purchasing a brand new RV for the first time or installing your desired fridge into an older RV model, choosing an RV fridge with a brand name to back it up is always a good idea.

FAQ for How Does an RV Refrigerator Work

Still have questions about how your RV or camper fridge works, including some insider tips and tricks? Let’s take a look at some important facts now, before you get too ahead of yourself!

Final Thoughts

Knowing how your RV or camper fridge works is important for any RVer to learn. Not only will you better understand the different types available to you, you can learn how to troubleshoot and even repair these appliances for yourself!

How does a camper fridge work?

The basics of how a camper fridge work. Ironically, a camper fridge works by using a power source to heat up the fridge. Within the fridge, you find a combination of water, ammonia, and hydrogen gas. The combination of these chemical compounds causes evaporation, which then, in turn, cools the refrigerator.

What kind of fuel does a camper fridge use?

The first option is a traditional camper fridge. This fridge runs off of propane and electricity. The great aspect of this fridge is that its ability to use multiple fuel sources makes it very versatile.

How much does a Frigidaire mini fridge cost?

1) The Frigidaire – 3.3 Cu. Ft. Mini Fridge – This fridge is stainless steel and has a 3.3 cubic foot capacity. It also has a small freezer at the top that can be used to make ice. This fridge sells for around $100.00.

How much does a Norcold refrigerator cost?

It automatically changes between gas and electric and automatically ignites the propane flame when needed. It usually sells between $900.00 – $1,000.00

How many oz cans does a Coolfreeze fridge hold?

It can run off of 12 volt DC power, 24-volt DC power, and 120 volt AC power. It can hold up to 117 12- oz cans. The CoolFreeze sells for over $1,300.00. 2) The Whynter 65 Quart Portable Fridge – This fridge also opens from the top and it can be run from a 110 volt AC outlet or from a 12-volt DC power source.

What temperature should a 12 volt refrigerator be?

A typical temperature for a refrigerator is less than 40 degrees. This means that a 12-volt cooler should only be used in temperatures below 80 degrees. The up-side to this type of fridge is that it does not cost much to buy or operate. It also has the ability to heat the interior up to 140 degrees Fahrenheit.

Why is my mini fridge not running?

This is because the coolant can pool up in one spot in the compressor. Leveling the fridge out prevents this from happening.

How Is An RV Refrigerator Different From A Home Refrigerator?

The refrigerator in your home uses 110 Volt electricity to pressurize the freon cooling agent. However, this isn’t necessarily the case with a motorhome or camper refrigerator.

How Long Do RV Refrigerators Last?

This typically gives them a lifespan of around 15 to 20 years. Units that only run on electricity tend to have a little bit shorter of a lifespan, due to the constant draw on the electric wiring.

Are There RV Freezers?

The short answer is yes, there are freezers designed to fit in an RV. Most of the units that are worth your money run on the same type of propane/electric combination power. This allows you to keep frozen things like hamburger patties frozen.

Does It Help To Augment You RV Fridge Or Freezer With A Cooler?

One of the classic problems you run into on an RV vacation is keeping your food cold the whole time. Many people will start out with a lot of food, condiments, and other items that need to be kept cold.

How Can I Get The Most Out Of My Cooler?

There are a few things you can do to help a high-quality cooler keep food cold for long term storage. One of the best is to use ice blocks instead of ice cubes .

What About Electric Coolers?

There are some high-end cooler manufacturers who sell electric cool ers. Most are set up to run on 110 Volt AC power as well as 12 Volt DC.

How to keep a camper refrigerator from getting cold?

Sometimes you can help speed this process by putting an ice block from the cooler in a zip-top bag and placing it on the top shelf of the refrigerator.

How does a camper refrigerator work?

When a camper is connected to shore power or a generator, the heat needed to run the camper refrigerator is created by a heating element. Otherwise, an open flame produced by propane keeps the fridge up and running.

How long does it take for an RV refrigerator to cool down?

RV Refrigerator Maintenance and Usage Tips. Turn it on early — Your fridge will need at least 6 hours to fully cool down. Turn it on the night before you plan to use it. Start with cold stuff — Loading the RV refrigerator with cold items will help it cool down faster.

What Size is an RV Refrigerator?

While most household refrigerators measure between 18 and 21 cubic feet, a typical RV refrigerator will be between only 4 and 12 cubic feet.

How Much Propane Does an RV Refrigerator Use?

Many people—especially those who plan to do a lot of dry camping—wonder how much LP gas their RV refrigerator will consume.

How Long do RV Refrigerators Last?

The average RV refrigerator will last between 15 and 20 years. Of course, the lifespan of your fridge will depend on a couple of things

How to keep a refrigerator cool while camping?

Install a fan — If you plan on camping in very hot weather, you will want to purchase and install a small refrigerator fan to help keep your unit cool. Keep it shut — Opening the fridge and freezer doors often will make the unit work harder to stay cool, so keeping the doors shut as much as you can is the way to go.

How does an absorption fridge work?

In the simplest terms, an absorption fridge works by using heat to send the fluids mentioned above through various tubes, creating chemical reactions. The evaporation and condensation created by these reactions keep things nice and cool.

How to keep refrigerators cold in RV?

RV refrigerator doors shouldn’t be left open for long; plan what you are going to do and move quickly to keep them cold inside. Other ways to improve cooling performance are to park so the sunlight does not shine directly on the side of the coach where the refrigerator is located. Also, before going on a trip, put ice in the refrigerator to speed up the cooldown process when it is started up. Check that the door gasket is sealing properly by slipping a piece of paper between gasket lips and then close the door on it. Try to drag the paper around the perimeter of the door; lack of drag will indicated places where the gasket is not sealing well.

What does a refrigeration system do?

Essentially, what refrigeration systems do is provide cooling effect by moving heat from where it’s not wanted, to where it doesn’t bother anything. This is the case for both mechanical and absorption-type refrigerators. Absorption cooling was invented by a French scientist in 1858, using water and sulphuric acid as the heat transfer medium.

How does the absorption cooling cycle work?

The absorption cooling cycle consists of three phases: Liquid refrigerant evaporates in a low pressure vessel, picking up heat from the interior of the refrigerator. Due to the low pressure, heat required for evaporation is low. Next, the now-gaseous refrigerant is absorbed by a special salt solution. Then the refrigerant-saturated liquid is heated, causing the refrigerant gas to evaporate out. This hot refrigerant gas passes through a heat exchanger, transferring its heat to the outside ambient-temperature air. This heat loss causes the gas to condense back into a liquid, which then supplies the evaporation phase, as the cycle starts over and continues to do this as long as it has heat applied to the burner or heating coil.

How does absorption refrigeration work?

The main difference between how absorption refrigeration works versus a compressor-type is how the refrigerant is converted from a gas back into a liquid, which allows the cycle to repeat. Absorption refrigera tors change the gas into a liquid by employing only heat, ...

Why level a refrigerator?

Without proper leveling, refrigerant within the cooling unit will collect and stagnate at certain areas. Without proper refrigerant flow, the cooling process will stop. To ensure proper leveling, the vehicle needs to be leveled so it is comfortable to live in. (No noticeable sloping of floor or walls.)

How many volts does an RV refrigerator use?

RV absorption refrigerator coils are typically heated by either LP-gas burner or 120-volts AC and some may also use 12 volts DC electricity for heating, with the control circuit always powered by 12 volts DC from the coach battery. The circuit boards draw a slight current even when in storage, which along with other parasitic draws, can run batteries down. Therefore, during extended storage a battery maintenance charger should be used, or during shorter storage the batteries should be disconnected to prevent deep discharge which is harmful to batteries.

What is mechanical refrigeration?

Mechanical refrigeration systems using compressors are noisy and require a lot of electrical energy, but provide fast cool down. This method has been almost universally adopted for household and commercial use, including refrigerators, freezers, and air conditioners. Essentially, what refrigeration systems do is provide cooling effect by moving ...

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