What are the physical findings characteristic of Legg–Calve–Perthes disease (LCD)?
Children with Legg–Calve–Perthes Disease tend to be shorter in stature, while those with Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis are typically overweight. X-ray findings for Legg–Calve–Perthes Disease are variable, but with advanced disease the femoral head is severely deformed.
What are the symptoms of Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)?
Complains of hip or knee pain over several weeks or months and having an intermittent limp. Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) is a condition of the hip that usually affects adolescents, in which the epiphysis (growth plate) of the femur becomes separated from the rest of the bone.
What is the prognosis of Legg Calve Perthes disease?
Prognosis Prognosis. The prognosis for people with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) depends on the extent and severity of bone involvement, and residual deformity. Overall, the prognosis for recovery and sports participation after treatment is very good for most people.
How does Legg-Calve-Perthes disease affect the femoral head?
As Legg-Calve-Perthes disease progresses, various deformities of the femoral head can develop. The most common are coxa magna (widening of the femoral head) and coxa plana (flattening). If the femoral head is damaged, it can result in premature physeal arrest, which can lead to leg length discrepancy.
How do you rule out SCFE?
SCFE is diagnosed through physical exam including rotation of the affected leg, observation while walking and X-rays. A MRI may be ordered if the diagnosis is not able to be made with X-rays and your healthcare provider still suspects your child has SCFE.
What is the difference between SCFE and Sufe?
SCFE/ SUFE – Slipped Epiphysis Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) or Slipped Upper Femoral Epiphysis (SUFE) relates to the slipping of the neck of the femur (thighbone) within the socket (acetabulum). SCFE is a condition that appears to be on the increase in the UK and worldwide.
What is the best view to diagnose SCFE?
Standard radiography is the first-choice imaging modality in patients with suspected SCFE. Usually, anteroposterior (AP) pelvis and frog-lateral views of both hips are obtained (Fig. 1). Radiographs of the contralateral side should always be included to rule out the bilateral involvement of SCFE.
Which characteristic would be common in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
Signs and symptoms of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease include: Limping. Pain or stiffness in the hip, groin, thigh or knee. Limited range of motion of the hip joint.
What is Perthes disease symptoms?
Symptoms of Perthes' disease stiffness and reduced range of movement in the hip joint. pain in the knee, thigh or groin when putting weight on the affected leg or moving the hip joint. thinner thigh muscles on the affected leg. shortening of the affected leg, leading to uneven leg length.
What nerve is affected in SCFE?
Usually, a SCFE causes groin pain, but it may cause pain in only the thigh or knee, because the pain may be referred along the distribution of the obturator nerve. The pain may occur on both sides of the body (bilaterally), as up to 40 percent of cases involve slippage on both sides.
How does a SCFE present?
Signs and symptoms Symptoms of SCFE typically include complaints of pain in the groin or hip that is aggravated by activity. Sometimes the child will also experience pain in the thigh or knee area. In acute or unstable slips, the child will complain of immediate pain, limp, or feel like the leg is "giving way."
Why does SCFE cause knee pain?
SCFE irritates the nerves in the leg causing referred pain (pain that originates in one part of the body but is felt in another). In this case, pain originates in the abnormal hip joint but is felt in the thigh and around the normal knee joint.
What is the most common age range for slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a condition typically affecting adolescents, during the period of rapid growth, from 10-15 years of age.
What can be mistaken for Perthes disease?
Perthes' Disease was the most common differential diagnosis assigned to the bones and joints in Stannington, affecting the hip joint this condition was often mistaken as tuberculous-arthritis of the hip.
How is Legg-Calve-Perthes disease diagnosed?
A physical exam, X-rays and an MRI scan are often used to diagnose Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. There are medical and surgical treatments for Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, but surgical procedures are often not recommended for children under 6.
How do you test for Perthes disease?
Diagnosis and Tests If your child is experiencing symptoms of Perthes disease, your healthcare provider will order an X-ray. X-rays are a common way to confirm a diagnosis. Your provider may also order additional studies, such as an MRI, to see how far the disease may have progressed.
How is Southwick angle calculated?
It is measured by drawing a line perpendicular to a line connecting two points at the posterior and anterior tips of the epiphysis at the physis. A third line is drawn down the axis of femur. The angle between the perpendicular line and the femoral shaft line is the angle. The angle is measured bilaterally.
What is COXA Vara?
Coxa vara is an unusual hip condition in which there is a discrepancy of growth in the round ball of the hip (femoral head) and the upper end of the thigh bone. This discrepancy leads to a shepherd's crook deformity of the hip.
Can SCFE be missed?
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) is a fairly common condition affecting older children and adolescents, and has the potential for long-term, crippling sequelae. Early recognition is the single most important controllable factor, but the diagnosis is often missed or delayed, resulting in progression of the slip.
Can SCFE be bilateral?
Some cases of SCFE affect only one hip, but many are eventually found to affect both hips (bilateral).
What is Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease?
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, also known as Perthes disease, is a disorder of the hip in young children that usually occurs between the ages of 4 and 10.
What causes Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
There are several theories. As mentioned above, the supply of blood to the femoral head is lost. The reasons for this, however, are unclear. It might be due to trauma that damages the blood vessels or to disorders that cause the blood to clot and clog up the veins.
What are the risk factors of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease affects less than 1 percent of the general population and is therefore very rare, but it is four times more common in boys than girls.
What are the symptoms of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
Children with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease often develop a noticeable limp. They may also experience stiffness of the hip or complain of mild pain in the groin area, thigh or knee. This pain is usually worse with activity and improves with rest.
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease Diagnosis
A pediatric orthopaedic specialist will look to see if the child has problems rotating the leg. The thigh, calf and buttock muscles can “atrophy,” or become smaller, if the affected limb goes a long time without use.
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease Treatment
It is very important to keep the joint moving. This is because the cartilage on the femoral head depends on the liquid in the joint, called the synovial fluid, for its nutrition. Moving the hip helps to supply the cartilage with this fluid.
Are there complications of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
Yes. The head of the femur may lose its normal spherical shape and/or collapse. Also, degenerative joint disease can occur (i.e., as occurs in osteoarthritis). The affected leg may lose some of its motion and may become shorter than the normal leg.