So here are the techniques listed below which we use to handle the exception in Selenium using Java programming:
- Try – Catch
- Try with multiple catches
- Nested try – catch
- Finally block
- Throw keyword
- Throws Keyword
- Try-catch: This method can catch Exceptions by using a combination of the try and catch keywords. ...
- Multiple catch blocks: There are various types of Exceptions, and one can expect more than one exception from a single block of code.
What is exception handling in selenium?
Exception handling is the essential part of every java program as well as selenium script. We can build robust and optimal code by handling an exception in smart ways. And it is also a best practice to handle exceptions in a script which will give you a better report when a program fails due to any reason.
How to handle errors in selenium with Java?
Generally, it is difficult to handle errors in java. If a programmer is not sure about the type of error and exception, then it is advised to use the Throwable class which can catch both error and exception. Selenium has its own set of exceptions. While developing selenium scripts, a programmer has to handle or throw those exceptions.
How do you handle exceptions in Java?
In Java, there are 5 keywords to handle an exception: try - Used to specify a block in a code, where we might expect an exception to occur. Try block follows either a catch block or a final block. catch - In this block, we put executable code in case of an exception in a try block.
What to do when selenium script fails?
Example: When selenium script fails due to the wrong locator, then the developer should be able to understand the reason for failure and this can be achieved easily if the exception is handled properly in the program. In my experience, it is best to try to avoid WebDriver exceptions whenever possible and catch truly exceptional cases.
What are the 5 exceptions in Selenium?
Most Common Selenium ExceptionsNoSuchWindowException.NoSuchFrameException.NoSuchElementException.NoAlertPresentException.InvalidSelectorException.TimeoutException.ElementNotVisibleException.ElementNotSelectableException.More items...
How do you handle the exceptions?
How to Handle an Exceptiona try block that encloses the code section which might throw an exception,one or more catch blocks that handle the exception and.a finally block which gets executed after the try block was successfully executed or a thrown exception was handled.
What are exceptions you have handled in Selenium WebDriver?
Common Exceptions in Selenium Web driverException nameDescriptionNoSuchElementExceptionThis Exception occurs if an element could not be found.NoSuchFrameExceptionThis Exception occurs if the frame target to be switched to does not exist.NoAlertPresentExceptionThis Exception occurs when you switch to no presented alert.38 more rows•Jul 23, 2022
How do I ignore exceptions in Selenium?
Put a try-except block around the piece of code that produced that error. Show activity on this post. Show activity on this post. It looks like the browser rendering engine or Javascript engine is using the element and it is blocking other external operations on this element.
What is difference between error and exception?
The error indicates trouble that primarily occurs due to the scarcity of system resources. The exceptions are the issues that can appear at runtime and compile time. 2. It is not possible to recover from an error.
Which keyword is used to handle an exception?
The "throw" keyword is used to throw an exception. The "throws" keyword is used to declare exceptions. It specifies that there may occur an exception in the method. It doesn't throw an exception.
How many types of exceptions are there in Selenium?
Selenium exceptions are divided into two types including Checked Exceptions and Unchecked Exceptions. Checked Exceptions are handled during the process of writing codes.
What is TestNG exception test?
Advertisements. TestNG provides an option of tracing the exception handling of code. You can test whether a code throws a desired exception or not. Here the expectedExceptions parameter is used along with the @Test annotation.
How do you handle an element not found exception?
A) Inside try 1) Wait for the element to be present 2) Then Use if then else to check if element present and return true or false B) Inside Catch handle the error.
What is the difference between StaleElementReferenceException and NoSuchElementException?
Most common Exceptions: 1) NoSuchElementException : FindBy method can't find the element. 2) StaleElementReferenceException : This tells that element is no longer appearing on the DOM page. 3) TimeoutException: This tells that the execution is failed because the command did not complete in enough time.
What is POM Selenium?
Page Object Model, also known as POM, is a design pattern in Selenium that creates an object repository for storing all web elements. It is useful in reducing code duplication and improves test case maintenance. In Page Object Model, consider each web page of an application as a class file.
How do I avoid StaleElementReferenceException?
How to avoid “StaleElementReferenceException” in Selenium?Page refresh.Having a retry mechanism.Having a try-catch block.Waiting for some expected criteria like presenceOfElementLocated or refreshing a page on getting a stale condition for an element.
How do you handle exceptions in Python?
Handling an exceptionA single try statement can have multiple except statements. ... You can also provide a generic except clause, which handles any exception.After the except clause(s), you can include an else-clause. ... The else-block is a good place for code that does not need the try: block's protection.
How do you handle exceptions in C++?
C++ exception handling is built upon three keywords: try, catch, and throw. throw − A program throws an exception when a problem shows up. This is done using a throw keyword. catch − A program catches an exception with an exception handler at the place in a program where you want to handle the problem.
How do you handle exceptions in Microservices?
First, we need to set up the capability of throwing exceptions on core banking service errors. Open core banking service and follow the steps. Create a common exception class where we going to extend RuntimeException. After that, we can create custom runtime exceptions to use with this API.
How do you handle all exceptions in Java?
The try-catch is the simplest method of handling exceptions. Put the code you want to run in the try block, and any Java exceptions that the code throws are caught by one or more catch blocks. This method will catch any type of Java exceptions that get thrown. This is the simplest mechanism for handling exceptions.
What is Exception Handling in Selenium?
Exception handling is a process or a mechanism that detects and resolves runtime exceptions and communication errors in Selenium.
What are Selenium exceptions?
One can find a complete list of Selenium WebDriver Exceptions in the documentation given by Selenium, but below are a few standard Selenium exceptions faced while running a test : 1 ElementNotVisibleException: In spite of the element being present in the DOM, it is not visible (can not be interactive). For example, elements defined in HTML with type =”hidden” 2 ElementNotSelectableException: An element is disabled (can not be clicked/selected) in spite of being present in the DOM 3 NoSuchElementException: Webdriver is not able to determine the elements during runtime, i.e., the FindBy method cannot find a particular component 4 NoSuchFrameException: Webdriver attempts to switch to an invalid frame, which is unavailable 5 NoAlertPresentException: Webdriver is trying to switch to an invalid alert, which is unavailable 6 NoSuchWindowException: Webdriver is trying to switch to an invalid window, which is unavailable 7 StaleElementReferenceException: The referenced element is no longer present on the DOM page (a reference to a component is now Stale). For example, the item belongs to a different frame than the current one or the user has navigated away to another page 8 SessionNotFoundException: Webdriver is acting immediately after ‘quitting’ the browser 9 TimeoutException: The command did not complete in the specified time. For example, the element didn’t display at the specified time. This is especially encountered when working with waits 10 WebDriverException: Webdriver is acting immediately after ‘closing’ the browser
How to catch an exception?
Try-catch: This method can catch Exceptions by using a combination of the try and catch keywords. Try indicates the start of the block, and Catch is placed at the end of the try block to handle or resolve the Exception. The code that is written within the Try/Catch block is referred to as “protected code.” The following code represents the syntax of Try/Catch block –
What is the NoSuchElementException?
NoSuchElementException: Webdriver is not able to determine the elements during runtime, i.e., the FindBy method cannot find a particular component
What is an exception object?
An exception object is created when an exception is encountered, which contains debugging information such as the line number, the type of Exception, the method hierarchy. Once the exception object is created and handed over to the runtime environment, this process is called “Throwing the Exception.”.
What can a programer do to handle standard exceptions?
Programmers can handle standard exceptions using various techniques like Try/catch, Multiple catch blocks, Finally, and others depending upon the requirement of scripts
What does stale element reference exception mean?
StaleElementReferenceException: The referenced element is no longer present on the DOM page (a reference to a component is now Stale). For example, the item belongs to a different frame than the current one or the user has navigated away to another page
How many exceptions are there to Selenium?
Basically, there are 2 types of exceptions in Selenium and they are as follows:
Why is handling an exception important?
Exception Handling mechanism follows a flow which is depicted in the above figure. But if an exception is not handled, it may lead to a system failure. That is why handling an exception is very important.
Why is Selenium important?
With the world evolving towards software development, testing plays a vital role in making the process defect free. Selenium is one such tool that helps in finding bugs and resolve them. The Selenium Certification can help you learn all about exceptions.
What is an exception in a program?
An exception is an event or a problem that arises during the execution of a program. When an exception occurs, the normal flow of program halts and an exception object is created. The program then tries to find someone that can handle the raised exception.
Can Java exceptions be unchecked?
In C++, all exceptions are unchecked, but in Java, exceptions can be either checked or unchecked. So, it is not forced by the compiler to either handle or specify the exception. It is up to the programmers to specify or catch the exceptions.
What is exception handling?
Exception handling refers to the anticipation, detection, and resolution of programming application, and communications errors. It is the block of code that processes the exception object and helps us by giving us a chance to act on it.
Why is exception handling important?
Why Exception Handling is Important 1 Think of a situation where you have got an exception and you want to print some custom message in your logs, so that it can be understandable by the whole team. 2 There can be some situations where you want to just eat up the exception and want your test to carry on with rest of the execution. 3 In case you want to perform some series of steps on occurring of an certain exception for e.g. if you got an exception because a product is out of stock, that product is no longer displayed on the page and you want you to go with another product available on the page. 4 In case you want to handle some certain kind of exception in Selenium like ElementNotSelectableException, ElementNotVisibleException, NoSuchElementException etc. exceptions.
What is throw in Selenium?
Throw : Sometimes we want to generate exception explicitly in our code, for example in Selenium Automation Framework most of the time we print self-written logs, once we catch an exception and then we need to throw that exception back to the system so that the test case can be terminated. Throw keyword is used to throw exception to the runtime to handle it.
What happens if an exception does not match with any exception type?
Note: In case the exception does not match with any exception type and falls through all catches, the current method stops execution and exception is thrown. That is why it is advisable to include default exception as well in the end, so in case if the exception falls through, it can be handled by the default one.
What is an exception in a test case?
An Exception is an event, which occurs during the execution of a program, that disrupts the normal flow of the program’s instructions or in simple words, any issue which makes your test case stop in between the execution is an Exception.
What does "element not selectable" mean?
5) ElementNotSelectableException: Thrown to indicate that may be the element is disabled, and so is not able to select.
What does "TimeoutException" mean?
3) TimeoutException: This tells that the execution is failed because the command did not complete in enough time.
How to reduce the chances of getting exceptions?
1) This approach reduces the chances of getting exceptions. 1) Increases the lines of codes because you add extra code to avoid exceptions. If an exception is still caught it 2) would be a truly exceptional case which is worth checking. 2) Should have a better understanding of Web Driver API, commands and exceptions.
Why do we need exception handling?
Exceptions need to be handled because they break the normal flow of execution of a program. One of the important intentions of exception handling is to prevent this break and continue program execution. Sometimes, you might want to perform some series of actions on occurring of a certain exception.
What is an Exception?
Exceptions are events due to which java program ends abruptly without giving expected output. Java provides a framework where a user can handle exceptions.
What is an element notvisible exception?
ElementNotVisibleException class is a subclass of ElementNotInteractableException class. This exception is thrown when WebDriver tries to perform an action on an invisible web element, which cannot be interacted with. That is, the web element is in a hidden state.
What are the different types of web elements?
In the last WebDriver tutorial, we learned about 3 different types of important web elements like Web Tables, Frames and Dynamic elements and their handling mechanisms in selenium script
What is a noalertpresent exception?
NoAlertPresentException: If a user tries to handle an alert box but the alert is not present.
What is an exception in automation?
Getting an exception in automation code is very common. ‘Exception’ as the word indicates, is a special or uncommon case. Automation code execution usually may not carry out as expected due to many factors involved in execution such as network stability issues, Internet issues, server stability etc.
What are Selenium WebDriver exceptions?
I've shown the hierarchy of WebDriver exceptions below: ConnectionClosedException - An exception throws when losing the connection to the driver.
Why do we need exception handling?
Often, it's unacceptable to allow a whole application to crash when something went wrong in a part of it. That's why we need exception handling. The whole idea behind exception handling is to determine a place in a code, where something might get wrong and make sure that a program can take an alternative route in case of an error. It's vital for software development to properly handle exceptions, and even more so for a process of automated testing.
What is a Selenium webinar?
This webinar provides the principles of testing mobile apps for audiences who are already familiar with Selenium. This is the perfect session for people already working with Selenium who would like to get a deep knowledge of Appium.
What is a timeout exception?
TimeoutException - Throws when a command does not complete in enough time.
What is a nosuchsessionException?
NoSuchSessionException - Throws by any command called after WebDriver.quit ().
What does element notvisible exception mean?
ElementNotVisibleException - Throws to indicate that although an element is present on the DOM, it is not visible, and so it's impossible to interact with it.
What is a connection closed exception?
ConnectionClosedException - An exception throws when losing the connection to the driver.
What are Selenium exceptions?
An exception is known as an unusual or unprecedented event that occurs during the execution of a software program or application. It is a runtime error of an unexpected result or event which influence and disrupt usual program flow. An exception is also considered as a fault.
When are checked exceptions handled?
Checked Exceptions are handled during the process of writing codes. These exceptions are handled before compiling the code, therefore, such exceptions are examined at the compile time.
Why are unchecked exceptions more catastrophic than compile-time exceptions?
Unchecked exceptions are more catastrophic than the compile-time exception as it causes problems while running Automation pack in headless.
What is invalid cookieDomainException?
12. InvalidCookieDomainException: This happens when you try to add a cookie under a different domain rather than the current URL.
What is NoSuchElementException?
24. NoSuchElementException: Happens if an element could not be found.
What is an invalid switchtotargetException?
16. InvalidSwitchToTargetException: Happens if frame or window target to be switched does not exist.
What is MoveTargetOutOfBoundsException?
19. MoveTargetOutOfBoundsException: Takes place if the target provided to the ActionChains move () methodology is not valid. For example: out of document.
Introduction to Exceptions
Checked vs Unchecked Exception
- Basically, there are 2 types of exceptions in Selenium and they are as follows: 1. Checked Exception 2. Unchecked Exception Let’s understand these two exceptions in depth. Above code represent an exception wherein inside try block we are going to write a code that may raise an exception and then, that exception will be handled in the catch block. Having understood this, let…
Methods of Handling Exceptions
- Try:try block is used to enclose the code that might throw an exception.
- Catch:catch block is used to handle the Exception. It must be used after the try block only
- Finally: finally block is a block that is used to execute important codesuch as closing connection, stream etc. It is always executed whether an exception is handled or not.
- Throw:throw” keyword is used to throw an exception.
What Is An Exception?
Advantages and Disadvantages of Avoid-Handle Approach
Types of Exceptions in Java and Selenium
Exception Handling
- Try and Catch block: try-catchblocks are generally used to handle exceptions. Type of exceptions is declared in catch block which is expected to come. When an exception comes in try block, immediately control moves to catch block. Example: There can be multiple catch blocks for one try block depending upon the type of exception. Example: throwsExce...
Common Exceptions in Selenium Webdriver
Conclusion