What is a motor and how does it work?
The motors consist of three main components – the stator, the rotor, and the enclosure. The stator consists of a series of alloy steel laminations around which are wound with wire to form induction coils, one coil for each phase of the electrical power source. The stator coils are energized from the three-phase power source.
What are the basic parts of a motor?
Motor components are classified into five main portions (1) to (5) as Fig. 1.2 shows. Fig. 1.2 Motor components. (1) Rotor. Rotating part. (2) Bearing. Supporting part of the rotating shaft of the rotor. (3) Stator. Part generating force used to rotate the rotor. (4) Bracket or end plate.
What is the working principle of an electric motor?
Introduction to Electric Motor
- Working Principle of Electric Motor. The electric motor works on the principle that when a coil is placed in the magnetic field and the current passes through it resulting in ...
- Parts of the Electric Motor. A rectangular coil ABCD. ...
- Working. Now, when the electric current is passed through the rectangular coil ABCD. ...
- Types of Electric Motors. ...
How does an electric motor work in a car?
How does an electric car motor work? In an electric vehicle, when the driver applies the accelerator, the battery in the car supplies electricity to the stator, causing the rotor to turn, and subsequently provide mechanical energy to turn the car’s gears. Once the gears are rotating, the wheels turn too.
How does a motor work step by step?
6:4610:03How does an Electric Motor work? (DC Motor) - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipThe brush has switched contact and the next loop turns. On this keeps happening as our motor spins.MoreThe brush has switched contact and the next loop turns. On this keeps happening as our motor spins. It's almost like the loops will take turns being an electromagnet.
How does a motor work in simple terms?
An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft.
What is the basic physics of an electric motor?
Electric motors involve rotating coils of wire which are driven by the magnetic force exerted by a magnetic field on an electric current. They transform electrical energy into mechanical energy.
How does a DC motor work physics?
Electric motors use the forces produced by magnetic fields to produce a turning motion. If you put a length of wire in a magnetic field and pass a DC current through it (such as from a battery), the wire will move. This is called the motor effect .
Why do electric motors rotate?
The motor's magnet exerts a force (up on one side, down on the other) on the armature, which causes the armature to rotate. Thus the armature experiences a torque due to interaction of its magnetic moment and motor's magnet.
How does a motor rotate?
Motor Rotation Using a Magnet/Magnetic Force Alternatively, supplying current to a conductor generates a magnetic field around, creating a magnetic force (Rotational magnetic field). This results in the same effect as rotating a magnet.
How does the motor effect work?
A wire carrying a current creates a magnetic field . This can interact with another magnetic field, causing a force that pushes the wire at right angles. This is called the motor effect .
What do motors do in a circuit?
A motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
How does an electric motor work Physics step by step?
A simple electric motor can be built using a coil of wire that is free to rotate between two opposite magnetic poles. When an electric current flows through the coil, the coil experiences a force and moves. The direction of the current must be reversed every half turn, otherwise the coil comes to a halt again.
How does an electric motor function?
When an electrical current is applied to the motor, the magnets or windings create a magnetic field that both attracts and repels the rotor, causing it to spin. The spinning motion of the rotor drives the shaft that it is mounted on, which in turn can deliver the mechanical power wherever it is needed.
What are the 4 steps to make an electric motor work?
In its most basic form, a motor converts an electrical current (either AC or DC) into rotational movement....Step one – create a coil. ... Step two – make a rig. ... Step two – connect the battery to the paperclips. ... Step three – position the strong magnet.More items...•
What does a motor do in a circuit?
A motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
How does a toy electric motor work?
A very small electric motor has two small permanent magnets, a commutator, two brushes, three poles, and an electromagnet made by winding wire arou...
What is a DC electric motor?
A DC electric motor converts direct current electrical energy into mechanical energy unlike the AC version that uses alternating current.
What are the parts of a simple motor?
A simple motor has six parts: an armature or rotor, a commutator, brushes, an axle, a field magnet, and a DC power supply of some kind.
How long can an electric motor last?
Under test conditions an electric motor can last between 15 to 20 years, provided it is used under normal operating conditions.
Is a DC or AC electric motor better?
AC motors are generally more powerful and require less maintenance, however, DC motors tend to be highly efficient. The application of the electric...
What is an electric motor?
Introduction. An electric motor is a rotating device, which is made to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. We use dozens of devices in which electric motors are used, such as, refrigerators, mixers, fans, washing machines, computers, etc. The commercial and high power motors use −. An electromagnet in place of a permanent magnet.
What is the force produced by electromagnetic induction?
Because of the changing magnetic field, Electromagnetic induction produces an electromotive force e m f in a conductor. A galvanometer is an instrument that is used to detect the presence of a current in a circuit.
Why is a fuse important in an hour house?
In hour houses, there are different electric appliances, most of run on alternating current. In our house wiring, fuse is the most important safety device. Fuse is used to protect the circuits that may damage due to short-circuiting or overloading of the circuits. Previous Page Print Page. Next Page.
What is the difference between alternating current and direct current?
The difference between the alternating current and direct current is - the alternating current keeps reversing its direction periodically; whereas, the direct current always flows in one direction. Most of the electric power stations produce alternating current.
What is mechanical energy used for in an electric generator?
In an electric generator, mechanical energy is used to rotate the conductor in a magnetic field, as a result of this electricity is produced.
When was the first moving magnet discovered?
In 1831 , Michael Faraday, an English physicist, had discovered that a moving magnet can be used to generate electric currents. As shown in the image given above that the moving magnet towards a coil sets up current in the coil circuit, which is indicated and read by deflection in the galvanometer needle.
Which finger shows the direction of induced current?
If the forefinger indicates the direction of the magnetic field and the thumb shows the direction of motion of conductor, then the middle finger will show the direction of induced current. This simple rule is called Fleming’s right-hand rule.”.
How old do you have to be to do an electric motor experiment?
This experiment will show students how to build a simple electric motor. This is best for students twelve and older as it requires some delicate work.
How does a wire coil work?
When electricity is passed through a wire coil (as you are doing when you connect the coil to the battery), you create an electromagnetic field, which pushes the coil away from the magnet. 1,2 When you give the coil a spin, since one side of the wire is insulated, you break the circuit briefly, so the coil continues to rotate using its momentum. When the circuit is complete again, the magnetic field once again repels the coil, so it keeps spinning. The motor can continue to spin until the battery is dead!
How to make a small coil?
Wrap the wire around a circular object (like the battery, or better yet, a pen or pencil) and then slide it off to create a small coil ( diameter ~1 cm), leaving the two ends sticking out as shown in Figures 1 and 2. We next need to remove the insulation from part of the ends. On one end, sand off the coating all the way around the wire. On the other end, sand the bottom side of the wire only.
How does a DC motor work?
DC motor, how it works? A Direct Current (DC) motor is a motor that turns energy from a direct current and turns this into mechanical energy. The first DC motor was developed around the 1830’s-1840s. They were commercially unsuccessful, because these motors were battry powered and batteries were still very expensive and the quality was low.
What are the parts of a direct current motor?
All four types work in roughly the same way, as a Direct Current motor always consists of two main parts: a rotor and a stator. Permanent Magnet DC motor. Series motor.
What causes a rotor to rotate?
The rotor contains coil windings that are powered by the DC current and the stator contains either permanent magnets or electromagnetic windings. When the motor is powered by DC current, a magnetic field is created within the stator, attracting and repelling the magnets on the rotor. This causes the rotor to start rotating.
How to keep a rotor rotating?
To keep the rotor rotating, the motor has a commutator. When the rotor aligns with the magnetic field, it would stop spinning, but in this case the commutator would reverse the current through the stator and this way reverse the magnetic field. This way the rotor can keep spinning.
What are the disadvantages of DC motors?
A disadvantage of the DC motor is the structure. There is a sliding contact between the commutator and the brush. This causes sparks and mechanical wear. Direct Current motors have relatively short life expectancy because of this and the motor has high maintenance cost. It also raises reliability concerns.
Why were DC motors unsuccessful?
They were commercially unsuccessful, because these motors were battry powered and batteries were still very expensive and the quality was low. When the electrical grid was created and the rechargeable batteries were invented in the late 1800s this all changed. The first commercially viable DC motors entered the market.
Is a DC motor good?
When it comes to starting and regulating speed, brushed DC motors have a good performance. The torque density is relatively high for these motors. A Direct Current motor runs smoothly and the range of speed regulation is wide. The overload capability is strong and the electromagnetic interference is small. A disadvantage of the DC motor is the structure. There is a sliding contact between the commutator and the brush. This causes sparks and mechanical wear. Direct Current motors have relatively short life expectancy because of this and the motor has high maintenance cost. It also raises reliability concerns.
