Bundling To improve the performance of the application, ASP.NET MVC provides inbuilt feature to bundle multiple files into a single, file which in turn improves the page load performance because of fewer HTTP requests. Bundling is a simple logical group of files that could be referenced by unique name and loaded with a single HTTP request.
What is bundling and minification in MVC?
The bundling technique in ASP.NET MVC allows us to load more than one JavaScript file, MyJavaScriptFile-1.js and MyJavaScriptFile-2.js in one request, as shown below. Minification technique optimizes script or CSS file size by removing unnecessary white space and comments and shortening variable names to one character.
What is bundling in web development?
The bundle is a logical group of physical files, which loads in a single HTTP request. We have separate CSS files, which can be loaded in a single request with the help of bundling. The bundling also can create for JavaScript files separately. A bundle can’t contain both CSS and JavaScript files.
What is jQuery bundling in MVC 4?
For ASP.NET MVC 4, this means with a debug configuration, the file jquery-1.7.1.js will be added to the bundle. In a release configuration, jquery-1.7.1.min.js will be added. The bundling framework follows several common conventions such as: Selecting ".min" file for release when FileX.min.js and FileX.js exist.
What is the use of base bundle in ASP NET?
Bundling Bundling is a new feature in ASP.NET 4.5 that makes it easy to combine or bundle multiple files into a single file. You can create CSS, JavaScript and other bundles. Fewer files means fewer HTTP requests and that can improve first page load performance.
What is bundling in MVC?
Bundling and Minification are two performance improvement techniques that improves the request load time of the application. Most of the current major browsers limit the number of simultaneous connections per hostname to six. It means that at a time, all the additional requests will be queued by the browser.
How do we implement bundling in MVC?
To enable bundling and minification, set the debug value to "false". You can override the Web. config setting with the EnableOptimizations property on the BundleTable class. The following code enables bundling and minification and overrides any setting in the Web.
What is the advantage of bundling in MVC?
Bundling and Minification provide us a way to both reduce the number of requests needed to get JS and CSS resource files and reduce the size of the files themselves, thereby improving the responsiveness of our apps. They are nice little optimizations for our MVC apps that can improve performance and add responsiveness.
What are the two types of bundles in MVC 5?
Bundle Types ScriptBundle: ScriptBundle is responsible for JavaScript minification of single or multiple script files. StyleBundle: StyleBundle is responsible for CSS minification of single or multiple style sheet files.
Where are bundles stored MVC?
The Bundle is located in the App_Start Folder of your Project. If you open App_Start Folder, you will find [BundleConfig. cs].
How bundling and minification works in MVC?
Bundling and Minification are two separate techniques to reduce load time. Bundling reduces the number of requests to the Server, whereas Minification reduces the size of the requested assets. All browsers cache resources based on request URLs.
What is difference between bundling and minification?
Both bundling and minification are the two separate techniques to reduce the load time. The bundling reduces the number of requests to the Server, while the minification reduces the size of the requested assets.
What is Antiforgerytoken in MVC?
To help prevent CSRF attacks, ASP.NET MVC uses anti-forgery tokens, also called request verification tokens. The client requests an HTML page that contains a form. The server includes two tokens in the response. One token is sent as a cookie. The other is placed in a hidden form field.
Where is temp data stored in MVC?
By default TempData is stored inside the session variable.
Why we use routing in MVC?
Routing enables us to define a URL pattern that maps to the request handler. This request handler can be a file or class. In ASP.NET Webform application, request handler is . aspx file, and in MVC, it is the Controller class and Action method.
What is return type in MVC?
An ActionResult is a return type of a controller method in MVC. Action methods help us to return models to views, file streams, and also redirect to another controller's Action method.
What is MVC life cycle?
The life cycle is basically is set of certain stages which occur at a certain time. Application Life Cycle. MVC actually defined in two life cycles, the application life cycle, and the request life cycle. The application life cycle, in which the application process starts the running server until the time it stops.
How will you implement authentication and authorization in MVC?
For form authentication the user needs to provide his credentials through a form. Windows Authentication is used in conjunction with IIS authentication. The Authentication is performed by IIS in one of three ways such as basic, digest, or Integrated Windows Authentication.
What are the different ways for bundling and minification in asp net core?
Bundling and minification are two techniques you can use in ASP.NET to improve page load performance for your web application. Bundling combines multiple files into a single file. Minification performs a variety of different code optimizations to scripts and CSS, which results in smaller payloads.
What is difference between bundling and minification?
Both bundling and minification are the two separate techniques to reduce the load time. The bundling reduces the number of requests to the Server, while the minification reduces the size of the requested assets.
How can add server side validation in MVC?
One is to manually add an error to the ModelState object and another uses the Data Annotation API to validate the model data....Create the User Model as in the following:namespace ServerValidation. Models.{public class User.{public string Name { get; set; }public string Email { get; set; }}}
What is the wildcard selector in jQuery?
Also there is a wildcard selector '*' in ~/bundles/jqueryval at ~/Scripts/jquery.validate*, this selector tells the system to pick all the files whose name starts with text ' jquery. validate '. So this bundle will have all the files picked up like jquery.validate.js & jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js.
How is a file minified?
All the file content is minified in size by removing extra spaces, commented texts and shortening the names of scoped variables.
What class do you use for a stylesheet?
For stylesheets (.css files) we use StyleBundle class.
Can you reference bundles in RouteConfig.cs?
Once we have specified bundles in our RouteConfig.cs, we can use a reference to these bundles in our views. Here as we are referencing a default MVC5 VS2013 app, we have these bundles referenced in our _Layout.cshtml page. Shown below is the snippet from this file.
What is a bundling and minification?
Bundling and Minifying in ASP.NET are two powerful features by which you can improve request load time. ASP.NET MVC provides bundling and minification of CSS and JavaScript, which reduces the number of HTTP Requests and payload size, resulting in faster and better performing ASP.NET MVC Web sites. The System.Web.Optimization namespace offers the bundling and minification techniques that exist in the Microsoft.Web.Optimization assembly. To apply bundling and minification, you have to add this DLL as a reference in your project.
What is a bundle in JavaScript?
The bundle is a logical group of physical files. Bundling can create separate requests for CSS and JavaScript files. For example, if an application uses both the bootstrap and site CSS for UI design, we can create a common bundle for them.
Why is bundling and minification important?
Bundling and Minification are useful in a production environment. It can significantly improve first page hit download time. Bundling helps you to download files of same type by using one request instead of multiple requests. Minifying helps you make files smaller by removing unnecessary whitespace. The data analysis shows that bundling and minification can result in significant savings in terms of bytes exchanged and requests executed, leading to faster page render times. Such small advantages in a production environment improves the performance of a Web site.
How to improve ASP.NET MVC performance?
ASP.NET MVC Application performance can be improved with the help of Bundling and Minification. Bundling and Minification are two separate techniques to reduce load time. Bundling reduces the number of requests to the Server, whereas Minification reduces the size of the requested assets.
Can you apply a bundled and a minification process together?
Both Bundling and Minification can be applied together, but each has a separate process .
Can you add CSS to a layout page?
A developer can add the previously created CSS and JavaScript bundles to the layout page by using the following code snippet:
Where is bundleconfig.cs file?
In an ASP.NET MVC Web Application, you can find the BundleConfig.cs file under the App_Start folder. This file contains the BundleConfig class that has only one method—RegisterBundles (). In this method, we have to add files those must be downloaded with one request. Refer to the following example:
Why is MVC 4 used for bundling?
Bundling and minification techniques were introduced in MVC 4 to improve request load time. Bundling allows us to load the bunch of static files from the server in a single HTTP request.
What is dynamic bundle?
DynamicFolderBundle: Represents a Bundle object that ASP.NET creates from a folder that contains files of the same type.
What is a ScriptBundle?
ScriptBundle: ScriptBundle is responsible for JavaScript minification of single or multiple script files.
Can you load more than one JavaScript file in ASP.NET?
The bundling technique in ASP.NET MVC allows us to load more than one JavaScript file, MyJavaScriptFile-1.js and MyJavaScriptFile-2.js in one request, as shown below.
What is bundle in ASP.NET?
Bundling is a new feature in ASP.NET 4.5 that makes it easy to combine or bundle multiple files into a single file. You can create CSS, JavaScript and other bundles. Fewer files means fewer HTTP requests and that can improve first page load performance.
Why do we use bundling and minification?
Bundling and minification primarily improve the first page request load time. Once a webpage has been requested, the browser caches the assets (JavaScript, CSS and images) so bundling and minification won't provide any performance boost when requesting the same page, or pages on the same site requesting the same assets. If you don't set the expires header correctly on your assets, and you don't use bundling and minification, the browsers freshness heuristics will mark the assets stale after a few days and the browser will require a validation request for each asset. In this case, bundling and minification provide a performance increase after the first page request. For details, see the blog Using CDNs and Expires to Improve Web Site Performance.
How to format minified JavaScript?
Format the minified JavaScript by selecting the Configuration button , and then selecting Format JavaScript.
How long does a bundle last?
Bundles set the HTTP Expires Header one year from when the bundle is created. If you navigate to a previously viewed page, Fiddler shows IE does not make a conditional request for the bundle, that is, there are no HTTP GET requests from IE for the bundles and no HTTP 304 responses from the server. You can force IE to make a conditional request for each bundle with the F5 key (resulting in a HTTP 304 response for each bundle). You can force a full refresh by using ^F5 (resulting in a HTTP 200 response for each bundle.)
How are bundles referenced in ASP.NET?
Bundles are referenced in views using the Render method, ( Styles.Render for CSS and Scripts.Render for JavaScript). The following markup from the ViewsShared_Layout.cshtml file shows how the default ASP.NET internet project views reference CSS and JavaScript bundles.
What is bundle class include?
The Bundle class Include method takes an array of strings, where each string is a virtual path to resource. The following code from the RegisterBundles method in the App_StartBundleConfig.cs file shows how multiple files are added to a bundle:
What happens if a Web.config file is set to false?
Unless EnableOptimizations is true or the debug attribute in the compilation Element in the Web.config file is set to false, files will not be bundled or minified. Additionally, the .min version of files will not be used, the full debug versions will be selected. EnableOptimizations overrides the debug attribute in the compilation Element in the Web.config file
Why do we create bundling?
We create bundling to improve an Application's performance, while it works in the release mode only but we develop an Application in the debug mode on our machine. Thus, we create a unique token for the resource path. We add a version key in the web.config, which will be used as a unique token in the development.
What is a bundle in JavaScript?
The bundle is a logical group of physical files, which loads in a single HTTP request. We have separate CSS files, which can be loaded in a single request with the help of bundling. The bundling also can create for JavaScript files separately. A bundle can’t contain both CSS and JavaScript files.
What is minification in CSS?
The Minification is a technique for removing unnecessary characters (white space, newline, tab), comments and short variable names from the text based files such as JavaScript and CSS files without expecting alter functionality to reduce the size, which causes improved load times of a Webpage . There are some tools available to minify JS and CSS files. We can download Visual Studio extension from link for minifying JS and CSS files.
How long does a bundle last?
The bundles set the HTTP expires header, one year from when the bundle is created. As we have a CSS bundle resource, which loads on the Browser with the following link.
Why does CSS not update?
As we upload the changes in the static resources such as CSS and JS files on the live server, the resources changes but it does not update on the Browser, because the Browser's cache resources are based on URLs automatically. Thus, when a Web page requests a resource, it checks in cache first. If the resource is found in cache, use cached copy rather than retrieving the resources from the Server. Hence, whenever you change the content of CSS and JS, files will not reflect on the Browser. For this, you need to force the Browser for refreshing/reloading.
What is bundle name?
The bundle name is a virtual path of the files. It is highly recommended that the bundle virtual path must not be same as the files virtual paths. This is a way to create a bundle in the Application. Afterwards, we need to register this bundle in the Application.
Does CDN fail in debug mode?
The CDN resource request, shown above, fails in the debug mode as the bundling works in the release mode only. Thus, we retrieve jQuery resource locally, as per the code snippet, given below:
Introduction
- Bundling and Minifying in ASP.NET are two powerful features by which you can improve request load time. ASP.NET MVC provides bundling and minification of CSS and JavaScript, which reduces the number of HTTP Requests and payload size, resulting in faster and better performing ASP.NET MVC Web sites. The System.Web.Optimization namespace offers the bundling and m…
Benefits of Bundling and Minification
- Bundling and Minification are useful in a production environment. It can significantly improve first page hit download time. Bundling helps you to download files of same type by using one request instead of multiple requests. Minifying helps you make files smaller by removing unnecessary whitespace. The data analysis shows that bundling and minification can result in significant savi…
Creating A Bundle in Mvc
- The bundleis a logical group of physical files. Bundling can create separate requests for CSS and JavaScript files. For example, if an application uses both the bootstrap and site CSS for UI design, we can create a common bundle for them. In an ASP.NET MVC Web Application, you can find the BundleConfig.cs file under the App_Start folder. This file ...
Creating minified Files in Mvc
- Minificationis technique for removing unnecessary characters and comments from JavaScript and CSS files to reduce the size; this will cause improved load times of a Web page. In a production environment, it’s suggested to use Minification for every Web site to improve their load times. A developer can download the Visual Studio Web essential extension to minify JS and CSS files.
Bundling and Minification in Debug Mode
- Bundling and Minification doesn’t work in debug mode by default. A developer has to enable this features by adding the following lines of code within the Application_Start event of Global.asax.
How Performance Is Improved
- ASP.NET MVC Application performance can be improved with the help of Bundling and Minification. Bundling and Minification are two separate techniques to reduce load time. Bundling reduces the number of requests to the Server, whereas Minification reduces the size of the requested assets. All browsers cache resources based on request URLs. When a user request…
Conclusion
- Bundling and Minifying are powerful features that help developers optimize Web pages. Almost all ASP.NET MVC templates use bundles. I hope you have learned about Bundling and Minification by reading this article. I would like to have your valuable feedback, questions, or comments about this article. Happy Reading!
Bundling
Minification
Impact of Bundling and Minification
Debugging Bundled and minified Javascript
Controlling Bundling and Minification
Using Bundling and Minification with ASP.NET Web Forms and Web Pages
Using Bundling and Minification with ASP.NET Mvc
- In this section we will create an ASP.NET MVC project to examine bundling and minification. First, create a new ASP.NET MVC internet project named MvcBMwithout changing any of the defaults. Open the App\_Start\BundleConfig.cs file and examine the RegisterBundles method which is used to create, register and configure bundles. The following code show...
Using A CDN
Creating A Bundle
Using The "*" Wildcard Character to Select Files