Several aspects of parenting have been found to be related to delinquency:
- neglect or the absence of supervision throughout childhood and adolescence;
- the presence of overt conflict or abuse;
- discipline that is inconsistent or inappropriate to the behavior; and
- a lack of emotional warmth in the family.
Does family structure affect delinquency?
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Family Structure and Delinquency There is an abundance of research that examines the impact of family structure on delinquency (Amato & Keith, 1991; Price & Kunz, 2003; Rankin, 1983). The majority of research finds that youth from broken homes report increased levels of delinquency. For
What is the relationship between parenting and Delinquency?
Their meta-analysis of 161 published and unpublished manuscripts determined that the strongest links connecting this relationship were parental monitoring, psychological control, and negative aspects of support (Hoeve et al., 2009). This meta-analysis has demonstrated that a significant relationship exists between parenting and delinquency and
How does the family environment affect adolescent delinquency?
The family environment can have an impact on the development of delinquent behaviors among adolescents. The current research aims to decipher and describe the link between family-related factors and adolescent delinquency.
What are the causes of delinquency in children?
Conversely, unsuitable home conditions and an unstable family can lead to negative attitudes and habitual failure in tasks, which in turn encourages children to become delinquents. 2.4. Concept of Child Character Determination
What family factors are associated with delinquency?
Family characteristics such as poor parenting skills, family size, home discord, child maltreatment, and antisocial parents are risk factors linked to juvenile delinquency (Derzon and Lipsey, 2000; Wasserman and Seracini, 2001).
Does delinquency run in families?
mother-only families, produce more delinquent children than two-parent families. Research indicates that parenting practices account for most, but not all, of the difference between the two groups. Economic differences and social isolation apparently also contribute to the effect.
Why is family so relevant in the study of juvenile delinquency?
Families play a vital role in the development of children and youth. Studies of juvenile delinquency have shown that the family environment can present as either a risk or protective factor. A risk factor is a characteristic that, when present, promotes the adoption of harmful behaviour (e.g., delinquency).
What is the role of family in preventing delinquency?
In the development of children, family plays a very critical role in determining the behavior of the young ones as they continue to develop. Family environment can be a risk or protective factor in the prevalence of juvenile delinquency.
Are parents the cause of juvenile delinquency?
While several social factors play a role in juvenile delinquency, research shows that the major contributing factor is indeed the family unit – specifically, parenting, or lack thereof (Mmari, et al.
How does juvenile delinquency affect families?
The upheaval and trauma of having a family member who is a juvenile delinquent can create instability for the other relatives. Not only does the family have to cope with the needs of the child who is in trouble, but they may also have to raise large amounts of money to pay for lawyers.
Is parental divorce a long term or short term?
While there is a wealth of research that documents a connection between parental divorce and adolescent delinquency, comparatively less research has examined the long-term association between parental divorce and criminal behavior in adulthood. Research in this area would be valuable as it would be able to shed light on whether parental divorce in childhood and adolescence has implications for negative outcomes later in the life course. Some scholars have argued that the deleterious effects of parental divorce are primarily present in the short term ( Edwards, 1987 ). In contrast, other scholars have contended that the negative effects of parental divorce are long term, and therefore, parental divorce in childhood should be associated with negative life outcomes in adulthood ( Wadsworth et al., 1990 ).
Can parental divorce cause juvenile delinquency?
While parental divorce has been linked with juvenile delinquency, it is also possible that delinquency can increase the likelihood of parental divorce as a delinquent child may cause stress and discord in a family environment leading to deterioration in the parents’ relationship ( Beaver & Wright, 2007 ).
Does parental divorce affect conduct?
Research examining the long-term effects of parental divorce has indicated that parental divorce has more a pronounced effect on conduct problems (e.g., misbehavior, aggression, and delinquency) in the short term than in the long term ( Amato & Keith, 1991a ).
Does divorce affect delinquent behavior?
Previous research suggests that parental divorce is linked with delinquent behavior. Comparatively less research, however, has examined the long-term effects of parental divorce and living with a stepparent on criminal behavior across the life course. This study addresses this gap in the literature by examining the influence ...
What are the factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency?
Lack of access to reliable child care. Parental dating. These stressors can contribute to juvenile delinquency. Parents who don't have enough time, for example, or need to work multiple jobs to make ends meet, may not be able to provide sufficient supervision to ensure their teens stay out of trouble.
What are the causes of juvenile delinquency?
Lack of consistency and routine: All children should have a reasonable idea of what their lives will be like on a daily basis, and thrive on routine. Chaos and unpredictability can promote juvenile delinquency.
What are the major changes in the American family?
The dramatic changes in the structure of the American family has resulted in some identifiable stressors and conflicts related to money, time, routine, child care, and parental dating. Specifically, these include:
What are the problems of the American family?
The dramatic changes in the structure of the American family has resulted in some identifiable stressors and conflicts related to money, time, routine, child care, and parental dating. Specifically, these include: 1 Financial strains where single-parent households often struggle to make ends meet 2 Lack of time caused by increasing job-related and family obligations 3 Lack of consistency and routine, which occurs when children go back and forth between two households that may have different sets of rules 4 Lack of access to reliable child care, a critical factor when both parents are employed 5 Parental dating after a divorce, whereby children may not always care for the new partners, creating the potential for conflict
What was the American family in the 1960s?
The American family as we know it has undergone dramatic change over the past 50 plus years. In the 1960s, the majority of families were two-parent families, and mothers typically stayed home. Today, the majority of families are one-parent or blended families, and most mothers work outside of the home.
How many children are raised in a traditional family?
Less than 50% of children are being raised in a traditional family. More children live in single family households or blended families than traditional two-parent families. Additionally, close to 75% of women work outside of the home, and many of them are in professional careers that require a college education.
What are the financial strains of single parent households?
Financial strains where single-parent households often struggle to make ends meet . Lack of time caused by increasing job-related and family obligations. Lack of consistency and routine, which occurs when children go back and forth between two households that may have different sets of rules.
What are the non-family factors that impact juvenile delinquency?
There are also non-family factors that impact on juvenile delinquency, which include the failure of the juvenile justice system, poverty, a lack of access to education, drug abuse and genetic problems.
What is juvenile delinquency?
While sociologists believe that “juvenile delinquency” encompasses a variety of violations of legal and social norms, ranging from minor to serious offenses [ 8] criminologists view “juvenile delinquency” as entailing all the public wrongs committed by those between the ages of 12 and 20.
What is uninvolved parenting?
According to Hearne, “uninvolved parenting” describes situations where parents are emotionally distant from their children and show little warmth and love towards them, provide little supervision, intentionally avoid them, have few expectations or demands for their behavior, never attend school events, and are generally too overwhelmed by their own problems to deal with their children [ 28] . Sarantakos argues that juvenile offenders are more likely to come from families with uninvolved parenting than from those with interested parents. He found that approximately two thirds of offenders came from families in which the children perceived their parents to show no interest in them, while only one third of offenders came from families with parents who were interested in them. Similarly, 86% of non-offenders came from families with parents who were “interested” in their children.
What percentage of juveniles come from low cohesion?
Shields and Clark have noted that low levels of family cohesion are likely to lead to juvenile crime [ 27] . Similarly, Sarantakos found that 73% of juvenile offenders came from families with low cohesion, while just 27% of offenders came from families with high cohesion.
What is the role of family in child development?
The study postulated that although there are different factors that impact on the development of child character, the family plays a central role in child development and consequentially impacting on the character of a child. In order to critically analyze the hypothesis of study, the paper reviewed the concepts of juvenile delinquency and family.
How did the 1970s affect children?
This has had an adverse impact on the character development of children and increased the likelihood of their involvement in delinquent acts.
How many child offenders come from non-violent homes?
Sarantakos found that 78% of child offenders came from families that experienced physical violence and child abuse, while only 22% of child offenders came from non-violent homes. Non-offenders are much more likely to come from non-violent homes than from those that are subject to physical or emotional violence.
What are the problems of juvenile delinquency?
Juvenile delinquency is an intractable problem worldwide and has been increasing phenomenally by as much as 30 percent since the 1990s (World Youth Report, cited in Sheryln, 2008). Anti-social behaviours of young people have been posing a lot of problems to the wellbeing of the people in Nigeria. Citizens, researchers and public officials perceive juvenile delinquency as a major social contemporary concern in Nigeria. Juvenile crimes witnessed in Nigeria include: drug abuse, cultism, bullying, truancy, examination malpractices, prostitution and theft (Ugwuoke, 2010; Sanni, Udoh, Okediji, Modo&Ezeh, 2010).
How many juveniles were arrested in 2007?
In 2007, the law enforcement agencies in the United States of America reported 2.18 million arrests of juveniles (Alfry, 2010). Alfry also reported that the United States Bureau of Justice Statistics found out that 72% of jailed juveniles came from fragmented families.
Is juvenile delinquency a social problem?
The increasing rate of juvenile delinquency has become a major social problem globally and locally. Researchers and concerned individuals have traced the preponderance of juvenile delinquency to the increasing rate of family instability among other factors. However, concerted inquiries into the influence of family instability on juvenile ...