Molten iron and carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless flammable gas that is slightly less dense than air. It is toxic to animals that use hemoglobin as an oxygen carrier when encountered in concentrations above about 35 ppm, although it is also produced in normal animal metabolism in lo…
What is the produced from blast furnace?
Blast furnace produces Hot metal (Liquid Iron) using Iron ore, Coke, Sinter, Pellets and fluxes such as Lime-stone, Pyroxenite, Quartzite reacting with oxygen from pre heated air.
What is the function of carbon monoxide gas in iron production?
Carbon monoxide gas acts as a reducing agent as it travels through the blast furnace. The carbon monoxide molecules reduce the iron oxide molecules that are primarily found in the middle and high sections of the blast furnace. Molten iron, slag, and nitrogen gas are also produced during this process.
What happens inside the blast furnace?
blast furnace, a vertical shaft furnace that produces liquid metals by the reaction of a flow of air introduced under pressure into the bottom of the furnace with a mixture of metallic ore, coke, and flux fed into the top.
Where is carbon monoxide formed?
CO is found in fumes produced any time you burn fuel in cars or trucks, small engines, stoves, lanterns, grills, fireplaces, gas ranges, or furnaces. CO can build up indoors and poison people and animals who breathe it.
How much CO2 does a blast furnace produce?
Direct emissions from integrated BOF plants typically amount to 1.8-3.0 tonnes CO2 per tonne of steel produced. DRI-based EAF plants emit approx. 2-3 tonnes CO2 per tonne of steel if they are coal based, or 0.7-1.2 tonnes/tonne if they are gas-based.
What chemical reactions happen in a blast furnace?
The reactions of the blast furnace involve 1) combustion of the fuel and its conversion into carbon monoxide, 2) reduction of the ore, and 3) formation of slag.
How does a blast furnace work step by step?
Molten iron is produced in a blast furnace by the following steps:Charge (solid iron ore, coke, and limestone) is constantly dumped into the top of the furnace.A blast of hot air is blown into the furnace from the bottom.Coke is the fuel that supplies additional heat, increasing the temperature of the charge.More items...
Which oxygen is used for blast furnace operations?
More than half the world's steel is produced in the basic oxygen process (BOP), which uses pure oxygen to convert a charge of liquid blast-furnace iron and scrap into steel.
What is the function of carbon monoxide in extraction of iron from iron 3 oxide?
Carbon monoxide reduces the iron(III) oxide in the iron ore to form iron.
Which is the reducing agent that separates iron from iron oxide?
It is the carbon monoxide which is the main reducing agent in the furnace. In the hotter parts of the furnace, the carbon itself also acts as a reducing agent.
What is used to produce iron?
The ingredients to make useable iron were limestone, ironstone, coke and air. The coke is the fuel and the ironstone provides the iron ore. Ironstone is first roasted in calcining kilns, located next to the blast furnaces, to remove impurities.
What is the main impurity in iron ore?
Phosphorus is one of the most deleterious elements in iron ore as it follows iron during downstream reduction processes, forming iron phosphides that make steel brittle. Excess phosphorus increases the cost of steelmaking and the steel industry has placed an upper limit of 0.07–0.08 wt-% P on the iron ore feed.
Answer
The hot air blast to the furnace burns the coke and maintains the very hightemperatures that are needed to reduce the ore to iron. The reaction between air and the fuel generatescarbon monoxide. This gas reduces the iron (III) oxide in the ore to iron
Answer
The Blast Furnace is a large steel structure about 30 metres high. It is lined with refractory firebricks that can withstand temperatures approaching 2000oC. The furnace gets its name from the method that is used to heat it. Pre-heated air at about 1000oC is blasted into the furnace through nozzles near its base.
What is a blast furnace?
A blast furnace is a steel cylinder lined with refractory. It operates continuously until the lining wears out, which takes many years to occur. The term blast furnace comes from the blast of hot air that is blown into the lower part of the furnace at between 1400º to 2100ºF. Molten iron is produced in a blast furnace by the following steps:
How is molten iron produced?
Molten iron is produced in a blast furnace by the following steps: 1. Charge (solid iron ore, coke, and limestone) is constantly dumped into the top of the furnace. 2. A blast of hot air is blown into the furnace from the bottom. 3.
What chemical reaction removes oxygen from the ore?
Chemical reactions occur: coke reacts with oxygen from the air, creating the reducing agent (carbon monoxide), which removes oxygen from the ore. 5. Limestone reacts with impurities in the furnace, forming slag, which floats to the top of the furnace vessel. 6.
How often is iron removed from a molten metal?
6. Every hour or so the molten iron is removed and sent on for further processing.
