Why does Jupiter have a magnetic field?
Jupiter's Magnetic Field The first clue to Jupiter's extraordinary magnetic field came with the detection of strong radio frequency emissions from the planet. This implied accelerating charged particles and a charged particle region around the planet similar to the Earth's van Allen belts.
What is the magnetosphere of Jupiter?
The magnetosphere of Jupiter is the cavity created in the solar wind by the planet's magnetic field.
Where is the magnetic dipole located on Jupiter?
On Jupiter the north pole of the dipole (where magnetic field lines point radially outward) is located in the planet's northern hemisphere and the south pole of the dipole lies in its southern hemisphere. This is opposite from the Earth.
How does Jupiter's magnetic field affect Ganymede?
Ganymede's internal magnetic field carves a cavity inside Jupiter's magnetosphere with a diameter of approximately two Ganymede diameters, creating a mini-magnetosphere within Jupiter's magnetosphere. Ganymede's magnetic field diverts the co-rotating plasma flow around its magnetosphere.
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Does Jupiter have a detectable magnetic field?
NASA's Juno spacecraft has detected changes in Jupiter's magnetic field, making it the first planet known to share this feature with Earth. (Inside Science) -- For the first time in history, humans have detected a changing magnetic field on a planet other than our own -- Jupiter.
How is Jupiter's magnetic field different from Earth's?
Jupiter has a large, complex, and intense magnetic field that is thought to arise from electrical currents in the rapidly spinning metallic hydrogen interior. The Earth has a strong magnetic field, but Jupiter's magnetic field at the tops of its clouds is 10 times stronger than that of the Earth.
Where do scientists think that Jupiter's strong magnetic field is generated?
outer coreJupiter's outer core is also thought to be responsible for its enormous magnetic field, though it is liquid hydrogen crushed by intense pressure into a metallic form that generates the magnetism rather than iron compounds.
What is unique about Jupiter's magnetic field?
Some 20,000 times stronger than Earth's magnetic field, Jupiter's magnetic field creates a magnetosphere so large it begins to avert the solar wind almost 3 million kilometers before it reaches Jupiter. The magnetosphere extends so far past Jupiter it sweeps the solar wind as far as the orbit of Saturn.
How many Tesla is Jupiter magnetic field?
The magnetic field of earth is 4.5 × 10−5 tesla. From analysis of the radio frequency emission, it is implied that the magnetic field on Jupiter is nearly 20,000 times stronger that that of Earth. With Earth's field of about 0.5 gauss, this implies that Jupiter's field is about 10,000 gauss or 1 tesla.
How is Jupiter's magnetic field?
Jupiter is surrounded by an enormous magnetic field called the magnetosphere, which has a million times the volume of Earth's magnetosphere. Charged particles are trapped in the magnetosphere and form intense radiation belts.
Why does Mars not have magnetic field?
But magnetic analysis of the martian surface indicates that when Mars was a mere 500 million years old, its magnetic field withered away. Without this shield, streams of ionizing particles spewing from the sun strip away a planet's atmosphere, killing any life that may have emerged or forcing it underground.
Why does Jupiter have the strongest magnetic field of all the planets in our solar system quizlet?
Jupiter's strong magnetic field is generated in Jupiter's thick layers of metallic hydrogen. It's magnetic field creates a magnetosphere to surround planet and shield from solar winds. It traps more charged particles than Earth's. The create belts of intense radiation around Jupiter.
Why does Jupiter not have a very strong pull on the Earth?
Though earth is much smaller than Jupiter, we are much closer to the center of the earth than to Jupiter, so the gravity of the Jupiter barely has any effect on us. And since the strongest gravity force on earth is from the sun, so Jupiter will not pull the earth away from its current orbit.
How can we hear the bursts of Jupiter's magnetosphere?
This radio emission is called cyclotron emission after a type of particle accelerator. Electrons spiraling in Jupiter's magnetic field are thought to be the cause of the radio noise we hear. The decametric radio waves have frequencies between 10 and 40 MHz.
What planet has the strongest magnetic field?
JupiterAfter the Sun, Jupiter has by far the strongest and biggest magnetic field in our solar system — it stretches about 12 million miles from east to west, almost 15 times the width of the Sun.
How much stronger is Jupiter's magnetic field than Earth?
20,000 times strongerJupiter hosts the most powerful magnetic field of all the planets in our solar system, cranking out a field close to 20,000 times stronger than Earth's.
What is the blue spot on Jupiter?
The Great Blue Spot, an-invisible-to-the-eye concentration of magnetic field near the equator, stands out as a particularly strong feature.
What color is the magnetic field?
The gray lines (called field lines) show the field's direction in space, and the deepness of the color corresponds to the strength of the magnetic field (with dark red and dark blue for regions with strongly positive and strongly negative fields, respectively).
What is the magnetic field?
Magnetic fields are all around us, unseen forces that can shape their environments in profound ways. Earth's magnetic field shields us from the solar wind, but the dynamo that generates it is hidden from view by the magnetized rock beneath our feet.
Where is the largest magnetosphere in the solar system?
Aside from the Sun, the solar system's largest magnetosphere belongs to Jupiter – a gargantuan magnetic windsock with a tail stretching out to the orbit of Saturn. Now, NASA is sending the Juno spacecraft to peer beneath Jupiter's clouds, giving scientists their first glimpse of the dynamo driving this giant magnetic field.
What is Jupiter's magnetic field?
Jupiter is surrounded by an enormous magnetic field called the magnetosphere, which has a million times the volume of Earth's magnetosphere. Charged particles are trapped in the magnetosphere and form intense radiation belts. These belts are similar to the Earth's Van Allen belts, but are many millions of times more intense.
What is Jupiter's inner magnetosphere?
The Inner Magnetosphere. The Inner Magnetosphere. Jupiter's inner magnetosphere is shaped like a doughnut with Jupiter filling the hole. The magnetosphere rotates very rapidly with the planet.
How is radiation produced on Jupiter?
This radiation is produced by the motion of molecules in Jupiter's atmosphere . Decimetric radiation, with wavelengths between 3 centimeters (1.2 inches) and 3 meters (10 feet), is produced by the motion of electrons in a magnetic field. Radio noise from Jupiter gave the first indication that the planet has a large magnetic field.
What is the radiation from Jupiter?
Radio Bursts From Io. Some of Jupiter's decametric radiation, with wavelengths longer than 3 meters (10 feet), appears to be related to the Jovian satellite Io. As Io passes through Jupiter's magnetic field, it may become electrically charged, negative on one side and positive on the other.
Which side of Jupiter is the magnetosphere?
On the sunward side of the planet, the magnetosphere is blunted by the solar wind. The size of the outer magnetosphere varies depending on the intensity of the solar wind. Jupiter's Radio Spectrum.
What temperature does Jupiter emit?
The very high frequency — wavelengths shorter than 3 centimeters (1.2 inches) — or thermal radiation, indicates a temperature of about -140 degrees Celsius (-255 Fahrenheit) for Jupiter.
What was the first clue to Jupiter's magnetic field?
The first clue to Jupiter'sextraordinary magnetic field came with the detection of strong radio frequency emissions from the planet. This implied accelerating charged particles and a charged particle region around the planet similar to the Earth's van Allen belts.
How does Io affect the magnetosphere?
Although all four of the large Galilean moons have some effect on the magnetosphere, Io's effect is much larger because of its intense volcanism.
What is the strength of the magnetic field?
According to E. G. Smith of Jet Propulsion Laboratories, the surface magnetic field strengths are about 14G at the north pole, 11G at the south pole and 4G at the equator. While 20,000 times the intrinsic strength of Earth's magnetic dynamo is incredible, it is approximately a dipole field.
Is Jupiter's magnetic field stronger than Earth's?
From analysis of the radio frequency emissions, it is implied that the magnetic pole strength of Jupiter is nearly 20,000 times stronger than the Earth's pole strength. That does not, however, mean that the surface magnetic fields are that much stronger than those of Earth.
Is Io in front of Jupiter?
Io passing in front of Jupiter. A NASAimage from Cassini spacecraft. Io, the closest of the Galilean moonsof Jupiter, is about the size of Earth's moon but in relation to the planet's diameter, it is much closer to Jupiter. It's orbit at just 5.9 times the radius of Jupiter puts it in a region of intense magnetic field.
Why is the radiation on Jupiter not known?
In publishing their result, the astronomers speculated "the cause of this radiation is not known but is likely to be due to electrical disturbances in Jupiter's atmosphere.". The discovery is now commemorated by a historical marker at the site (image on the left).
Why are the magnetized patches on Mars so interesting?
The magnetized patches on that planet, first observed by the Mars Global Surveyor, are particularly intriguing because they seem to form strips, reminding researchers of the magnetized strips observed on the sea bottom on Earth, from which the idea of plate tectonics emerged .
Which planets are in orbit around the Earth?
(The first two were also visited by Pioneer 10 and 11 and by Voyager 1, and the probe Ulysses flew by Jupiter, while the probe Galileo is currently in orbit around it.) All four have magnetic fields much stronger than the Earth's, in the sense defined above for Jupiter. Saturn's magnetic axis, remarkably, seems to be exactly lined up with its rotation axis, within the accuracy of observations.
Where was the DTM antenna located?
The array stood on the north shore of the Potomac River (upstream from Washington, DC and slightly south of White's Ferry; more here) and could select signals from a narrow range of directions. Ken Franklin and Bernie Burke calibrated it using a known source, the Crab Nebula, then began surveying the surrounding sky.
Does Mercury have a molten core?
Mercury may actually have a molten core, and thus perhaps its field may be due to a dynamo effect, like Earth's. Mercury is slightly deformed like the Earth's Moon, but whereas our Moon's rotation period equals its orbital period, Mercury is locked into a more complex pattern--3 rotations each 2 orbits.
Does Mars have a dynamo field?
Mars and the Moon have permanently magnetized patches of rock on their surfaces, suggesting that even if they now lack a dynamo field, at some time in the past they possessed one . That would agree with the giant volcanoes (apparently extinct) observed on Mars, which suggest a hot interior. blue in the opposite one.
Why does Jupiter have a magnetic field?
The main reasons for this disk-like configuration are the centrifugal force from the co-rotating plasma and thermal pressure of hot plasma, both of which act to stretch Jupiter's magnetic field lines, forming a flattened pancake-like structure, known as the magnetodisk, at the distances greater than 20 RJ from the planet. The magnetodisk has a thin current sheet at the middle plane, approximately near the magnetic equator. The magnetic field lines point away from Jupiter above the sheet and towards Jupiter below it. The load of plasma from Io greatly expands the size of the Jovian magnetosphere, because the magnetodisk creates an additional internal pressure which balances the pressure of the solar wind. In the absence of Io the distance from the planet to the magnetopause at the subsolar point would be no more than 42 RJ, whereas it is actually 75 RJ on average.
When was Jupiter's magnetic field discovered?
The first evidence for the existence of Jupiter's magnetic field came in 1955, with the discovery of the decametric radio emission or DAM. As the DAM's spectrum extended up to 40 MHz, astronomers concluded that Jupiter must possess a magnetic field with a maximum strength of above 1 milli teslas (10 gauss ).
What is the magnetosphere of Jupiter?
Magnetosphere of Jupiter. The magnetosphere of Jupiter is the cavity created in the solar wind by the planet's magnetic field. Extending up to seven million kilometers in the Sun's direction and almost to the orbit of Saturn in the opposite direction, Jupiter's magnetosphere is the largest and most powerful of any planetary magnetosphere in ...
How much current is in the Jovian magnetosphere?
The total radial current in the Jovian magnetosphere is estimated at 60 million–140 million amperes. The acceleration of the plasma into the co-rotation leads to the transfer of energy from the Jovian rotation to the kinetic energy of the plasma.
What is the region between the bow shock and the magnetopause?
The region between the bow shock and magnetopause is called the magnetosheath.
What is the temperature of plasma in Jupiter?
As cold, dense plasma moves outward, it is replaced by hot, low-density plasma, with temperatures of up to 20 keV (200 million K) or higher) moving in from the outer magnetosphere. Some of this plasma, adiabatically heated as it approaches Jupiter, may form the radiation belts in Jupiter's inner magnetosphere.
How far does plasma rotate from Jupiter?
In the middle magnetosphere, at distances greater than 10 RJ from Jupiter, co-rotation gradually breaks down and the plasma begins to rotate more slowly than the planet.