How long can you use an IO access?
IO access should not be used for greater than 24 hours. Alternative intravenous access should be obtained as soon as possible. IO should be removed once alternative intravenous access is established or signs of infection, extravasation or compartment syndrome.
How long can an IO needle stay in?
The intraosseous needle may remain in situ for 72 to 96 hours, but it is best removed within 6 to 12 hours, as soon as an alternative site of intravascular access has been established. The intraosseous route provides fast and reliable vascular access in emergency medical situations.
When can an IO be used?
IO access is the recommended technique for circulatory access in cardiac arrest. In decompensated shock IO access should be established if vascular access is not rapidly achieved (if other attempts at venous access fail, or if they will take longer than ninety seconds to carry out.)
What should not be infused in an IO?
Contraindications. IO infusion has few absolute contraindications. A fractured or previously punctured bone should not be used because infused fluid will extravasate and possibly cause compartment syndrome. Alternate sites in other bones can be used in such situations.
Do you flush an IO?
Flush the IO catheter with 0.9% normal saline, (5-10mls for Adults and 2-5mls for Paediatrics). Flushing will help clear the marrow and fibrin from the medullary space, allowing for effective infusion rates.
Is IO faster than IV?
An IO is a quick way to get vascular access in a code, faster than an IV and with greater first-attempt success.
What are disadvantages of intraosseous route?
Known rare complications of IO access include extravasation, soft-tissue necrosis, bone fractures or injury to growth plates, infiltration of medications, infection, subcutaneous abscess, osteomyelitis, and embolic complications (fat emboli). Extravasation of fluid is the most common complication.
How do I get rid of intraosseous?
1:523:16Intraosseous Access - Line Removal - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipPlace the sterile syringe on the needle hub. This will act as a handle for removal. Once the syringeMorePlace the sterile syringe on the needle hub. This will act as a handle for removal. Once the syringe is in place grasp at the needle hub and rotate clockwise while pulling gently at a 90 degree angle.
Can you get blood from an IO?
IO blood sampling is a procedure for obtaining blood from the bone marrow. An IO line is established to provide fluid and medication when intravenous access is not available or feasible.
What meds can you not give through IO?
While all resuscitation drugs can be given by the IO route, administration of ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, phenytoin, tobramycin, and vancomycin may result in lower peak serum concentrations. The most common adverse effect seen with IO use, extravasation, has been reported in 12% of patients.
How painful is an IO?
IO access can be extremely painful. However, the patient's pain level can be reduced to a bearable level by injecting 2% preservative-free lidocaine through a special port before starting the infusion.
Can all IV drugs be given io?
Any medication that can be given intravenously can also be given intraosseously[2]. This includes contrast media and blood transfusions[7].
How do you know if an IO needle is in place?
Use a twisting motion with gentle but firm pressure. until there is a sudden release of resistance as the needle enters the marrow space. If the needle is placed correctly, it should stand easily without support.
How painful is an IO?
IO access can be extremely painful. However, the patient's pain level can be reduced to a bearable level by injecting 2% preservative-free lidocaine through a special port before starting the infusion.
Can nurses insert intraosseous?
RN's, physicians or EMT-P's may insert an IO device after they have completed instruction with clinical supervision. An order must be received to by a physician for a RN or EMT-P to insert an IO.
What do the lines on an IO needle mean?
Depth markers. The EZ-IO® Catheter is marked with black lines starting approximately 5 mm from the hub. This should be used as a “depth gauge” to to determine if the needle set is the correct length for the patient prior to powering the needle set past the outer cortex and into the medullary space.