What is the maximum amount of ATP produced?
The theoretical maximum yield of ATP for the oxidation of one molecule of glucose during aerobic respiration is 38. In terms of substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation, and the component pathways involved, briefly explain how this number is obtained.
What is ATP making process creates the most ATP?
Most of the ATP in cellular respiration is produced by the process of chemiosmosis. Which stage of glucose metabolism produces the most ATP? true. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm, whereas the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain, which generate the largest amounts of ATP during cellular respiration, take place in the mitochondria.
What is the most efficient means of ATP production?
phosphagen system. Meaning the faster it produces ATP, the ATP is is capable of producing. The phosphagen system has the highest rate of production, while the beta oxidative system has the highest energy capacity. But at no time during exercise or at rest, does any one system provide the complete supply of energy.
How much ATP is produced in the Krebs cycle alone?
The Krebs cycle takes place inside the mitochondria. The Krebs cycle produces the CO2 that you breath out. This stage produces most of the energy ( 34 ATP molecules, compared to only 2 ATP for glycolysis and 2 ATP for Krebs cycle). This stage converts the NADH into ATP.
How does ATP synthase work?
ATP synthase moves H + ions that were pumped out of the matrix by the electron transport chain back into the matrix. The energy from the influx of protons into the matrix is used to generate ATP by the phosphorylation (addition of a phosphate) of ADP. The movement of ions across the selectively permeable mitochondrial membrane and down their electrochemical gradient is called chemiosmosis.
How many ATP molecules does NADH generate?
This yields about three ATP molecules. Because FADH 2 enters the chain at a later stage (Complex II), only six H + ions are transferred to the intermembrane space. This accounts for about two ATP molecules. A total of 32 ATP molecules are generated in electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation.
What is the third step of aerobic cellular respiration?
This movement of protons provides the energy for the production of ATP. The electron transport chain is the third step of aerobic cellular respiration.
How many protein complexes are in the electron transport chain?
Protein Complexes in the Chain. There are four protein complexes that are part of the electron transport chain that functions to pass electrons down the chain. A fifth protein complex serves to transport hydrogen ions back into the matrix. These complexes are embedded within the inner mitochondrial membrane.
How are electrons passed from a protein complex to a protein complex?
Electrons are passed along the chain from protein complex to protein complex until they are donated to oxygen. During the passage of electrons, protons are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space. The accumulation of protons in the intermembrane space creates an electrochemical gradient ...
What is the main source of energy for many cellular processes including muscle contraction and cell division?
ATP is the main source of energy for many cellular processes including muscle contraction and cell division . Energy is released during cell metabolism when ATP is hydrolyzed. This happens when electrons are passed along the chain from protein complex to protein complex until they are donated to oxygen forming water.
How does energy get released in a cell?
Energy is released during cell metabolism when ATP is hydrolyzed. This happens when electrons are passed along the chain from protein complex to protein complex until they are donated to oxygen forming water. ATP chemically decomposes to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) by reacting with water.
How many ATP/NADH are produced in the electron transport chain?
2.5 ATP/NADH and 1.5 ATP/FADH2 are produced in the electron transport chain. Some resources will say 3 ATP/NADH and 2 ATP/FADH2, but these values are generally less accepted now.
What is the electron transport chain?
The electron transport chain contains a number of electron carriers. These carriers take the electrons from NADH and FADH2, pass them down the chain of complexes and electron carriers, and ultimately produce ATP. More specifically, the electron transport chain takes the energy from the electrons on NADH and FADH2 to pump protons (H+) ...
Why is oxygen needed for the electron transport chain?
Oxygen is required for this process because it serves as the final electron acceptor, forming water. Collectively this process is known as oxidative phosphorylation. The following figure and animation do a nice job of illustrating how the electron transport chain functions.
