Full Answer
What are the three types of government structures?
geographically. From this standpoint, three basic structures exist: unitary, federal, and confederate. Unitary Government A unitary government is often described as a centralized government. All powers held by the government belong to a single, central agency. The central (national) government creates local units of government for its convenience.
What is the hierarchy of law in the United States?
rules promulgated by individual agencies. As a general rule, a hierarchy exists, such that a constitution (or charter), law, or rule may not contradict a higher constitution, law, or rule. The hierarchy is: • U.S Constitution • Laws (statutes) enacted by Congress • Rules promulgated by federal agencies • State constitution • Laws enacted by the state legislature •
What do the three branches represent?
Three Branches of Government
- Executive Branch. The executive branch is responsible for enforcing the laws passed by the legislative branch. ...
- Legislative Branch. The legislative branch is responsible for making and passing the country’s laws and for funding the U.S. ...
- Judicial Branch. ...
What is the structure of the American government?
For example:
- Congress (legislative branch) can pass laws, but the president (executive branch) can veto them.
- Congress can override the president's veto.
- The Supreme Court (judicial branch) can declare a law approved by Congress and the president unconstitutional.
- The president can appoint judges to the Supreme Court, but Congress must approve them.
How to represent hierarchy?
An example of visually representing hierarchy is through nested clusters. Nested clusters represent hierarchical relationships using layers of information. The child element is within the parent element, such as in a Venn diagram. This structure is most effective in representing simple hierarchical relationships. For example, when directing someone to open a file on a computer desktop, one may first direct them towards the main folder, then the subfolders within the main folder. They will keep opening files within the folders until the designated file is located.
What is the hierarchy of elements?
A hierarchy (from Greek: ἱεραρχία, hierarkhia, 'rule of a high priest', from hierarkhes, 'president of sacred rites') is an arrangement of items (objects, names, values, categories, etc.) in which the items are represented as being "above", "below", or "at the same level as" one another.
What is Maslow's hierarchy of human needs?
Maslow's hierarchy of human needs. This is an example of a hierarchy visualized with a triangle diagram. The hierarchical aspect represented here is that needs at lower levels of the pyramid are considered more basic and must be fulfilled before higher ones are met.
How does a hierarchy link?
A hierarchy can link entities either directly or indirectly, and either vertically or diagonally. The only direct links in a hierarchy, insofar as they are hierarchical, are to one's immediate superior or to one of one's subordinates, although a system that is largely hierarchical can also incorporate alternative hierarchies. Hierarchical links can extend "vertically" upwards or downwards via multiple links in the same direction, following a path. All parts of the hierarchy that are not linked vertically to one another nevertheless can be "horizontally" linked through a path by traveling up the hierarchy to find a common direct or indirect superior, and then down again. This is akin to two co-workers or colleagues; each reports to a common superior, but they have the same relative amount of authority. Organizational forms exist that are both alternative and complementary to hierarchy. Heterarchy is one such form.
What is the first requirement of hierarchy?
The first requirement is also interpreted to mean that a hierarchy can have no circular relationships; the association between two objects is always transitive . The second requirement asserts that a hierarchy must have a leader or root that is common to all of the objects.
Why is visual hierarchy important?
Visual hierarchy is also important for proper organization of files on computers.
What is a branching hierarchy?
In a branching hierarchy, one or more objects has a degree of 2 or more (and therefore the minimum degree is 2 or higher). For many people, the word "hierarchy" automatically evokes an image of a branching hierarchy. Branching hierarchies are present within numerous systems, including organizations and classification schemes. The broad category of branching hierarchies can be further subdivided based on the degree.
Which form of government is held by the people?
Democracy - a form of government in which the supreme power is retained by the people, but which is usually exercised indirectly through a system of representation and delegated authority periodically renewed. Democratic republic - a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote for officers ...
What is the difference between Oligarchy and Parliamentary Democracy?
Parliamentary democracy - a political system in which the legislature (parliament) selects the government - a prime minister, premier or chancellor along with the cabinet ministers - according ...
What is the name of the government in which the supreme power is lodged in the hands of a monarch?
Monarchy - a government in which the supreme power is lodged in the hands of a monarch who reigns over a state or territory, usually for life and by hereditary right; the monarch may be either a sole absolute ruler or a sovereign - such as a king, queen or prince - with constitutionally limited authority.
What is absolute monarchy?
Absolute monarchy - a form of government where the monarch rules unhindered, i.e., without any laws, constitution or legally organized opposition.
What is the difference between a federal republic and an Islamic republic?
Federal republic - a state in which the powers of the central government are restricted and in which the component parts (states, colonies, or provinces) retain a degree of self-government; ultimate sovereign power rests with the voters who chose their governmental representatives. Islamic republic - a particular form of government adopted by some ...
What is a constitutional democracy?
Constitutional democracy - a form of government in which the sovereign power of the people is spelled out in a governing constitution.
What is the Communist system?
Communist - a system of government in which the state plans and controls the economy and a single -- often authoritarian -- party holds power; state controls are imposed with the elimination of private ownership of property or capital while claiming to make progress toward a higher social order in which all goods are equally shared by the people (i.e., a classless society).
What branches of government are there?
Learn the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government and see a lesson plan for teachers.
What is the executive branch?
The executive branch is composed of the president, vice president, and Cabinet members. President. The president is the head of state, head of the U.S. government, and the commander-in-chief of the U.S. military. Vice President.
What is the judicial branch?
The judicial branch of government is made up of the court system. Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the country. The nine justices are nominated by the president and must be approved by the Senate (with at least 51 votes). Other Federal Courts.
How many terms can a vice president serve?
The vice president can be elected and serve an unlimited number of four-year terms as vice president, even under a different president. The Cabinet —Cabinet members serve as advisors to the president. They include the vice president, heads of executive departments, and other high-ranking government officials.
What is the role of the President?
The president is the head of state, head of the U.S. government, and the commander-in-chief of the U.S. military. Vice President. The vice president not only supports the president but also acts as the presiding officer of the Senate. Cabinet.
How many representatives are there in the House of Representatives?
The House has 435 voting representatives; the number of representatives from each state is based on the state's population. Each representative serves a two-year term and may be re-elected. Executive - Carries Out Laws. The executive branch is composed of the president, vice president, and Cabinet members. President.
Why does the Constitution divide the government into three branches?
The Constitution of the United States divides the federal government into three branches to make sure no individual or group will have too much power:
How many nations have a monarchy?
Real-World Example. Today, 45 nations have some form of monarchy, though the concept has become increasingly diluted with the evolution of democratic principles.
How are aristocrats chosen?
Members of the aristocracy are usually chosen based on their education, upbringing, and genetic or family history. Aristocracies often connect wealth and ethnicity with both the ability and right to rule. Aristocracy originated in ancient Greece; the term derives from the Greek word, aristokratia, meaning "rule of the best.".
How does authority pass down?
Authority traditionally passes down through a succession line related to one's bloodline and birth order within the ruling royal family, often limited by gender. There are two types of monarchies: constitutional and absolute.
What is the primary goal of democracy?
Democracy is a form of government that allows the people to choose leadership. The primary goal is to govern through fair representation and prevent abuses of power. The result is a system that requires discourse, debate, and compromise to satisfy the broadest possible number of public interests, leading to majority rule.
Where did the term "aristocracy" come from?
Aristocracy originated in ancient Greece; the term derives from the Greek word, aristokratia, meaning "rule of the best.". Aristocracies were the dominant governments during most medieval and modern periods across Europe. Aristocrats led major countries, including Britain, Germany, and Russia, until World War I, ...
Which countries have socialist policies?
Socialism is the cornerstone of the Scandinavian nations of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. They all adhere to socialist policies that combine free-market capitalism with extensive public works, including free healthcare, free education, a comprehensive welfare state, and high percentages of unionized workers. This approach essentially combines the collective nature of communism with the private ownership and competitiveness of capitalism.
Which countries have a communist government?
Countries that retain single-party, Marxist-Leninist rulership include Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, and the People's Republic of China.
What is governance hierarchy?
The governance hierarchy. ‘Governance’ is a term that is heard frequently in business and technology circles. It can be a confusing word, as it has several different but related meanings. Generally, governance is used to describe objectives and/or activities that connect to “control” or “process” (or “the control of processes”).
What is corporate governance?
At a top level, governance is a corporate requirement – the responsibility of the board of directors, and managed by senior executives from across the organization. At an operational level, each major function within the enterprise has a specific set of issues and responsibilities that fall from the corporate governance framework.
Is data governance better than analytics?
It is far better, and more cost effective, to take the steps needed to ensure that the underlying data in the system is as correct and consistent as possible at the outset. As analytics become an integral component of enterprise process management, data governance becomes an integral part of corporate governance.
What are the different types of government?
Five Types of Government Systems. Democracy. A democracy can be defined as a government system with supreme power placed in the hands of the people. It can be traced back to as early as the fifth century B.C. In fact, the word democracy is Greek for “people power”. While most use the United States as an example of a democratic government system, ...
What are the three types of government systems?
Democracy, Monarchy and Dictatorship : Types of Government Systems. Aristotle was the first to define three principal types of government systems in the fourth century B.C. These consisted of monarchy, aristocracy and polity. Since then, many more have been formulated, but the main themes and ideas have remained.
What is the role of the monarch in a monarchy?
In a monarchy, an individual from the royal family holds the position of power until they die . Today, the majority of monarchy governments have transitioned to constitutional monarchies, where the monarch is head of state but only performs ceremonial roles and does not have state power. Only a few countries still have systems where ...
What is the difference between direct democracy and representative democracy?
The difference lies in the method of civilian participation. In a direct democracy, every citizen is given an equal say in the government. In a representative democracy, citizens elect representatives who make the law. The difference is significant when put into action.
What countries have dictators?
Burundi, Chad, Equatorial Guinea and North Korea are contemporary examples of countries run by a dictator. While these types of government systems all vary, they have at least one similarity: the allocation of power. Whether it be the allocation of power to a single person, a group of people, or evenly distributed to everyone, ...
What is the power of a dictator?
Dictatorship. In a dictatorship, a single person, a dictator, has absolute power over the state. It is not necessarily ruled by a theology or belief. It is an authoritarian form of government where one person is in charge of enforcing and enacting the law.
What are some examples of democratic states?
Other examples of democratic states include Aruba, Bulgaria, Canada, Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic. In a republic government system, the power also rests with the people, as they are in charge of electing or choosing the country’s leader, instead of the leader being appointed or inheriting power.
Who is the head of the executive branch?
Executive Branch: chief of state: Interim Claude Joseph, (effective 7 July 2021) Head of government: Prime Claude Joseph; cabinet: Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president; parliament must ratify the Cabinet and Prime Minister's governing policy.
How long are judges appointed in Haiti?
judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the president from candidate lists submitted by the Senate of the National Assembly; note - Article 174 of the Haiti Constitution states that judges of the Supreme Court are appointed for 10 years, whereas Article 177 states that judges of the Supreme Court are appointed for life.
Overview
A hierarchy (from Greek: ἱεραρχία, hierarkhia, 'rule of a high priest', from hierarkhes, 'president of sacred rites') is an arrangement of items (objects, names, values, categories, etc.) that are represented as being "above", "below", or "at the same level as" one another. Hierarchy is an important concept in a wide variety of fields, such as architecture, philosophy, design, mathematics, computer science, organizational theory, systems theory, systematic biology, and the social scien…
Nomenclature
Hierarchies have their own special vocabulary. These terms are easiest to understand when a hierarchy is diagrammed (see below).
In an organizational context, the following terms are often used related to hierarchies:
• Object: one entity (e.g., a person, department or concept or element of arrangement or member of a set)
Etymology
Possibly the first use of the English word hierarchy cited by the Oxford English Dictionary was in 1881, when it was used in reference to the three orders of three angels as depicted by Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite (5th–6th centuries). Pseudo-Dionysius used the related Greek word (ἱεραρχία, hierarchia) both in reference to the celestial hierarchy and the ecclesiastical hierarchy. The Greek term hierarchia means 'rule of a high priest', from hierarches (ἱεράρχης, 'president of s…
Representing hierarchies
A hierarchy is typically depicted as a pyramid, where the height of a level represents that level's status and width of a level represents the quantity of items at that level relative to the whole. For example, the few Directors of a company could be at the apex, and the base could be thousands of people who have no subordinates.
Visual hierarchy
In the design field, mainly graphic design, successful layouts and formatting of the content on documents are heavily dependent on the rules of visual hierarchy. Visual hierarchy is also important for proper organization of files on computers.
An example of visually representing hierarchy is through nested clusters. Nested clusters represent hierarchical relationships using layers of information. The child element is within the p…
Informal representation
In plain English, a hierarchy can be thought of as a set in which:
1. No element is superior to itself, and
2. One element, the hierarch, is superior to all of the other elements in the set.
The first requirement is also interpreted to mean that a hierarchy can have no circular relationshi…
Mathematical representation
Mathematically, in its most general form, a hierarchy is a partially ordered set or poset. The system in this case is the entire poset, which is constituted of elements. Within this system, each element shares a particular unambiguous property. Objects with the same property value are grouped together, and each of those resulting levels is referred to as a class.
"Hierarchy" is particularly used to refer to a poset in which the classes are organized in terms of i…
Subtypes
A nested hierarchy or inclusion hierarchy is a hierarchical ordering of nested sets. The concept of nesting is exemplified in Russian matryoshka dolls. Each doll is encompassed by another doll, all the way to the outer doll. The outer doll holds all of the inner dolls, the next outer doll holds all the remaining inner dolls, and so on. Matryoshkas represent a nested hierarchy where each level contains on…
— Democracy
— Communism
— Socialism
— Oligarchy
— Aristocracy
— Monarchy
— Theocracy
- Theocracy refers to a form of government in which a specific religious ideology determines the leadership, laws, and customs. In many instances, there is little to no distinction between scriptural laws and legal codes. Likewise, religious clergy will typically occupy leadership roles, sometimes including the highest office in the nation.
— Colonialism
— Totalitarianism
— Military Dictatorship