Who was Sargon in the Bible?
The name is found only once in the Bible ( Isa 20:1) where it refers to Sargon II of Assyria (721-705 b.c. ). This Sargon was the son of Tiglath-pileser III, successor to his brother Shalmaneser V, and father of Sennacherib.
Was the Neo-Assyrian king Sargon II named for Sargon of Akkad?
It is not entirely clear whether the Neo-Assyrian king Sargon II was directly named for Sargon of Akkad, as there is some uncertainty whether his name should be rendered Šarru-ukīn or as Šarru-kēn (u).
What does the Sargon of Akkad say about himself?
In the inscription, Sargon styles himself "Sargon, king of Akkad, overseer (mashkim) of Inanna, king of Kish, anointed (guda) of Anu, king of the land [Mesopotamia], governor (ensi) of Enlil". It celebrates the conquest of Uruk and the defeat of Lugalzagesi, whom Sargon brought "in a collar to the gate of Enlil.".
How do you spell Sargon II's name?
^ References to Sargon II are mostly spelled logographically, as LUGAL-GI. NA or LUGAL-GIN, but occasional phonetic spelling in ''ú-kin appears to support the form Šarru-ukīn over Šarru-kēn (u) (based on a single spelling in-ke-e-nu found in Khorsabad).
Is Sargon of Akkad mentioned in the Bible?
Sargon II was a Neo-Assyrian king named after Sargon of Akkad; it is this king whose name was rendered Sargon (סַרְגוֹן) in the Hebrew Bible (Isaiah 20:1).
Is Akkad mentioned in the Bible?
History of research The Bible refers to Akkad in Genesis 10:10–12, which states: "The beginning of his [Nimrod's] kingdom was Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.
What is the meaning of Sargon?
the faithful kingSargon (Akkadian: Šar-ru-gi, later Šarru-kīn, meaning "the faithful king" or "the legitimate king") was the name of three kings in ancient Mesopotamia, sometimes adopted in modern times as both a given name and a surname.
Was Sargon the king of Babylon?
After he took Babylon in 710, Sargon was proclaimed king of Babylon by the citizens of the city and spent the next three years in Babylon, in Marduk-apla-iddina's palace. Affairs in Assyria were in these years overseen by Sargon's son Sennacherib.
Is Nimrod and Sargon the same person?
Joseph Poplicha wrote in 1929 about the identification of Nimrod in the first dynasty or Uruk. More recently, Yigal Levin (2002) suggests that the fictional Nimrod was a recollection of Sargon of Akkad and also of his grandson Naram-Sin, with the name "Nimrod" derived from the latter.
Who ruled the world first?
Meet the world's first emperor. King Sargon of Akkad—who legend says was destined to rule—established the world's first empire more than 4,000 years ago in Mesopotamia.
What language is Sargon?
AkkadianAnswer and Explanation: The language spoken in Sargon's empire was Akkadian, which was a Semitic language. This was unusual for Mesopotamia, as most people there spoke Sumerian.
Was Sargon a good leader?
Sargon's reign provided stability. He built roads and irrigation canals, extended trade routes and encouraged science and the arts. Sargon created a postal system, ensuring privacy of the mail by innovating the use of clay envelopes for the tablets. His taxes were fair for rich and poor.
How did Sargon become king?
The Sumerian king list records Sargon's birth as well, describing him in different versions as the son of a gardener or as the cupbearer of Ur-Zababa, the king of Kish. Sargon likely overthrew and probably assassinated Ur-Zababa to take the throne of Kish and, from there, expanded his rule.
What is the oldest empire?
the Akkadian EmpireThe earliest known empire was the Akkadian Empire. For around 1,000 years, Mesopotamia was dominated by city-states—small political units, where a city controlled its surrounding area. In 2330 BCE, Sargon of Akkad took control of southern Mesopotamia.
Who ruled all over the world?
In the Book of Psalms, God's universal kingship is repeatedly mentioned; for example, Psalms 47:2 refers to God as the "great King over all the earth." In Christianity, the title is sometimes applied to Jesus.
Who defeated the Akkadian Empire?
The Empire was now ruled by a Sumerian king, but was still united. The empire grew weaker, however, and was eventually conquered by the Amorites in around 2000 BC.
What was Sargon known for?
Sargon, byname Sargon of Akkad, (flourished 23rd century bce), ancient Mesopotamian ruler (reigned c. 2334–2279 bce) who was one of the earliest of the world's great empire builders, conquering all of southern Mesopotamia as well as parts of Syria, Anatolia, and Elam (western Iran).
What is the meaning of Akkad?
Akkad in British English 1. a city on the Euphrates in N Babylonia, the centre of a major empire and civilization (2360–2180 bc) Ancient name: Agade (əˈɡɑːdɪ , əˈɡeɪdɪ ) 2. an ancient region lying north of Babylon, from which the Akkadian language and culture is named.
Who was Sargon II?
Sargon II (721-705 BC) reigned during the height of the Neo-Assyrian empire established by his father Tiglath-Pileser III. He was the younger brother of Shalmaneser V, who besieged Samaria for three years. Sargon removed his brother from the Assyrian throne probably after a violent coup.
What did Sargon do during the rebellion?
Whether the rebellion existed during Shalmaneser’s reign or it was the result of the violent removal of the former king, Sargon needed to deal with an uprising early in his reign. He successfully stopped this rebellion and brought about reforms to his empire’s taxation and labor laws.
Why did Sargon remove his brother from the Assyrian throne?
Sargon removed his brother from the Assyrian throne probably after a violent coup. It seemed that no brotherly love was lost between them as his inscriptions described his brother as a godless tyrant. Shalmaneser only reigned for five years and was unpopular because of his taxation and labor policies.
Why did Sargon change his name?
When he became king, he took the name Sargon after the Akkadian king who reigned more than a thousand years before him. It means “he (God) made firm the king” and the change of name was a tactic used by Sargon the Great (2334-2279 BCE) of Akkad to legitimize his own rule.
What city did Sargon attack?
Sargon then turned his army and attacked Urartu. The citizens were only spared because of Urartu ’s efficient warning system and they fled, taking with them many of their goods. The Assyrians, finding few things to plunder, continued towards the Urartian city of Musasir.
Where did Sargon build his fortress?
Its name meant “Sargon’s fortress” and located in what is now modern Khorsabad.
What was Sargon's policy?
The policy of uprooting and resettling rebellious kings and people were repeatedly stated in the Annals of Sargon. Apart from the superior skills of Sargon’s warriors, the Assyrians also maintained an efficient spy system which ensured they were always one step ahead of their enemies.
What is Sargon known for?
Sargon is known almost entirely from the legends and tales that followed his reputation through 2,000 years of cuneiform Mesopotamian history, and not from documents that were written during his lifetime. The lack of contemporary record is explained by the fact that the capital city of Agade (Akkad), which he built, has never been located and excavated. It was destroyed at the end of the dynasty that Sargon founded and was never again inhabited, at least under the name of Agade.
Who was Sargon of Akkad?
Alternative Titles: Sargon of Akkad, Sharru-kin. Sargon, byname Sargon of Akkad, (flourished 23rd century bce ), ancient Mesopotamian ruler (reigned c. 2334–2279 bce) who was one of the earliest of the world’s great empire builders, conquering all of southern Mesopotamia as well as parts of Syria, Anatolia, and Elam (western Iran).
How long did Sargon rule Mesopotamia?
According to the Sumerian king list, the first five rulers of Akkad ( Sargon, Rimush, Manishtusu, Naram-Sin, and Shar-kali-sharri) ruled for a total of 142 years; Sargon alone ruled for 56. Although these figures cannot be checked, they are probably trustworthy, because the king….
Where did Sargon conquer?
Not content with dominating this area, his wish to secure favourable trade with Agade throughout the known world, together with an energetic temperament, led Sargon to defeat cities along the middle Euphrates to northern Syria and the silver-rich mountains of southern Anatolia . He also dominated Susa, capital city of the Elamites, in the Zagros Mountains of western Iran, where the only truly contemporary record of his reign has been uncovered. Such was his fame that some merchants in an Anatolian city, probably in central Turkey, begged him to intervene in a local quarrel, and, according to the legend, Sargon, with a band of warriors, made a fabulous journey to the still-unlocated city of Burushanda (Purshahanda), at the end of which little more than his appearance was needed to settle the dispute.
Who was the first king of Mesopotamia?
Thus, Sargon became king over all of southern Mesopotamia, the first great ruler for whom, rather than Sumerian, the Semitic tongue known as Akkadian was natural from birth, although some earlier kings with Semitic names are recorded in the Sumerian king list.
Was Sargon ever inhabited?
It was destroyed at the end of the dynasty that Sargon founded and was never again inhabited, at least under the name of Agade. According to a folktale, Sargon was a self-made man of humble origins; a gardener, having found him as a baby floating in a basket on the river, brought him up in his own calling.
Where does the name Sargon come from?
The spelling Sargon is derived from the single mention of the name (in reference to Sargon II) in the Hebrew Bible, as סַרְגוֹן, in Isaiah 20 :1 . The first element in the name is šarru, the Akkadian (East Semitic) for "king" (c.f. Hebrew sár שַׂר ).
What did Sargon call himself?
Sargon appears to have promoted the use of Semitic (Akkadian) in inscriptions. He frequently calls himself "king of Akkad" first, after he apparently founded the city of Akkad. He appears to have taken over the rule of Kish at some point, and later also much of Mesopotamia, referring to himself as "Sargon, king of Akkad, overseer of Inanna, king of Kish, anointed of Anu, king of the land [Mesopotamia], governor ( ensi) of Enlil ".
What was Sargon's empire?
He is not to be confused with Sargon I, a later king of the Old Assyrian period. His empire is thought to have included most of Mesopotamia, parts of the Levant, besides incursions into Hurrite and Elamite territory, ruling from his (archaeologically as yet unidentified) capital, Akkad (also Agade ).
How many cities did Sargon conquer?
Sargon triumphed over 34 cities in total. Ships from Meluhha, Magan and Dilmun, rode at anchor in his capital of Akkad.
What is the Akkadian name for Sargon?
The Akkadian name is normalized as either Šarru- ukīn or Šarru-kēn. The name's cuneiform spelling is variously LUGAL - ú-kin, šar-ru-gen6, šar-ru-ki-in, šar-ru-um-ki-in. In Old Babylonian tablets relating the legends of Sargon, his name is transcribed as 𒊬𒊒𒌝𒄀𒅔 ( Šar-ru-um-ki-in ). In Late Assyrian references, the name is mostly spelled as LUGAL-GI.NA or LUGAL-GIN, i.e. identical to the name of the Neo-Assyrian king Sargon II. The spelling Sargon is derived from the single mention of the name (in reference to Sargon II) in the Hebrew Bible, as סַרְגוֹן, in Isaiah 20 :1.
Where was the Sargon tablet found?
Among the most important sources for Sargon's reign is a tablet of the Old Babylonian period recovered at Nippur in the University of Pennsylvania expedition in the 1890s. The tablet is a copy of the inscriptions on the pedestal of a Statue erected by Sargon in the temple of Enlil. Its text was edited by Arno Poebel (1909) and Leon Legrain (1926).
How long was Sargon's reign?
While various copies of the Sumerian king list credit Sargon with a 56, 55, or 54-year reign, dated documents have been found for only four different year-names of his actual reign. The names of these four years describe his campaigns against Elam, Mari, Simurrum (a Hurrian region), and Uru'a (an Elamite city-state).
