Yes, spigelian hernia
Hernia
A hernia occurs when an internal part of the body pushes through a weakness in the muscle or surrounding tissue wall.
What are the risks of a Spigelian hernia?
Spigelian hernias are treacherous and have a real risk of strangulation. The risk of strangulation is higher because of sharp fascial margin around the defect. Richter type of hernia has also been reported to occur with spigelian hernia. For this reason, surgery should be advised in all patients.
Can a Spigelian hernia block the bowel?
A spigelian hernia can occur on either side of the abdomen, but most people feel pain in the lower abdomen. A spigelian hernia can block the bowel or other vital organs. When this occurs, it is a life-threatening complication that requires immediate medical attention.
Can a Spigelian hernia heal itself?
While other mild hernias especially those that do not cause any pain can eventually heal by themselves, spigelian hernia does not. In fact, it will get worse and become more dangerous to the other organs. Therefore immediate treatment is required.
Where is a Spigelian hernia located?
Where is a Spigelian Hernia located? Spigelian hernia develops between the middle and lower abdomen (on the lateral edge), through a layer of tissue called spigelian fascia which separates the two parts of the abdomen. The middle abdomen is medically referred to as rectus abdominis while the lower part is called semilunar line.
Can you live with a spigelian hernia?
If you don't have pain or discomfort, it's possible to live with the hernia. But any hernia that causes pain needs medical attention. A spigelian hernia will not resolve without treatment. Doctors can typically diagnose an ordinary hernia upon completion of a physical examination.
What aggravates a spigelian hernia?
Long-standing medical conditions that increase abdominal pressure, like chronic coughing, liver cirrhosis with fluid collection (ascites), pregnancy, and obesity. Any weakness of the abdominal wall muscles brought on by aging, for example, or disease. Constipation, with prolonged straining. An injury to the abdomen.
Where does a spigelian hernia hurt?
A spigelian hernia can occur on either side of the abdomen, but most people feel pain in the lower abdomen. A spigelian hernia can block the bowel or other vital organs. When this occurs, it is a life-threatening complication that requires immediate medical attention.
Do all spigelian hernias need surgery?
Spigelian hernias are treacherous and have a real risk of strangulation. The risk of strangulation is higher because of sharp fascial margin around the defect. Richter type of hernia has also been reported to occur with spigelian hernia. For this reason, surgery should be advised in all patients.
How long is spigelian hernia surgery?
These complications are rare with spigelian hernias. The operation takes around 30 minutes to perform. Local anaesthetic is usually injected into the wounds at the end of the procedure. The wound is usually closed with a dissolvable suture or wound glue.
How big is a spigelian hernia?
Spigelian hernias are rare compared to other types of hernias because they do not develop under abdominal layers of fat but between fascia tissue that connects to muscle. The Spigelian hernia is generally smaller in diameter, typically measuring 1–2 cm., and the risk of tissue becoming strangulated is high.
What does Spigelian mean?
Definition of spigelian : relating to or discovered by the Flemish anatomist Adriaan van den Spieghel.
What type of hernia is a Spigelian?
A rare occurrence, a Spigelian hernia is a type of ventral hernia that develops where the rectus muscles, or “six pack” muscles,” and the lateral oblique muscles meet. This type of hernia may also be referred to as a lateral hernia, and it commonly occurs in patients over 50 years old.
What can mimic a spigelian hernia?
Intraparietal inguinal hernias are a rare variant of inguinal hernia in which the hernia sac lies between the layers of the abdominal muscles. Intraparietal inguinal hernias mimic Spigelian hernias clinically; the diagnosis presents superior difficulties than its treatment.
Can a spigelian hernia heal itself?
Hernia repair surgery is the only treatment option to cure a Spigelian hernia. The size of the hernia and whether the patient experiences discomfort or pain signifies if the patient should undergo surgery or not. r can perform a minimally invasive procedure called “laparoscopic hernia repair”.
How much weight can you lift with a hernia?
Do NOT lift anything heavier than 15 pounds for a minimum of two weeks (or as instructed by your surgeon). Do NOT engage in strenuous activity or heavy lifting for at least four to six weeks (or advised by your surgeon).
How big is a spigelian hernia?
Spigelian hernias are rare compared to other types of hernias because they do not develop under abdominal layers of fat but between fascia tissue that connects to muscle. The Spigelian hernia is generally smaller in diameter, typically measuring 1–2 cm., and the risk of tissue becoming strangulated is high.
Why is a Spigelian hernia so difficult to diagnose?
This is because they don’t have the same physical characteristics of ordinary hernias. Because a spigelian hernia develops within the muscle wall, a bulge or lump isn’t always visible.
What is a spigelian hernia?
This is a layer of abdominal muscles that rests between the lateral edge of the rectus muscle and the linea semilunaris. An untreated Spigelian hernia can cause complications. This makes it important to receive prompt medical treatment.
How long does it take to recover from a hernia surgery?
Recovery can take between three to six weeks with open mesh repair, and one to two weeks with laparoscopic hernia repair. You should avoid strenuous activity during recovery.
How to correct a hernia?
You may also choose to correct the hernia by using a minimally invasive procedure called laparoscopic hernia repair. A surgeon makes a smaller incision in your abdomen and repairs the hernia using a thin surgical instrument with a camera attached to the end.
How to tell if you have a hernia?
A common sign of this hernia is a lump or bulge either below or to the side of the belly button. The lump may feel soft to the touch.
What age do men get hernias?
Some people, however, have a higher risk. These types of hernias are more common in men over the age of 50. Other risk factors for a Spigelian hernia include pregnancy and being overweight.
Why does my abdominal wall weaken?
Some people develop abdominal weakening after experiencing an injury, such as trauma from lifting a heavy object. In other cases, the hernia is caused by conditions that trigger chronic coughing, such as the common cold, bronchitis, or allergies.
How long does it take to recover from a spigelian hernia surgery?
The recovery period for laparoscopic spigelian hernia surgery tends to be relatively short, lasting just 1 to 2 weeks. People who have more extensive surgery often have a longer recovery period.
What are the risk factors for a spigelian hernia?
Risk factors for a spigelian hernia include: a chronic cough, such as with the lung condition COPD. frequently straining to have a bowel movement. trauma to the abdomen, such as during surgery or due to a major injury.
What does it mean when your abdomen hurts?
abdominal pain when lifting, coughing, or having a bowel movement. a soft, unexplained swelling in the abdomen. Most people do not feel a swelling, and there does not need to be a noticeable swelling for there to be a spigelian hernia.
How to diagnose a spigelian hernia?
Diagnosing a spigelian hernia can be difficult, so it is important to report symptoms to your doctor. An ultrasound or CT scan of the abdomen can help with a diagnosis.
What is a spigelian hernia?
Outlook. Conclusion. A spigelian hernia is a hernia through the spigelian fascia or layer of tissue that separates two groups of abdominal muscles. The muscles are called the rectus muscles and the lateral obliques. This type of hernia is also sometimes called a lateral ventral hernia.
Why do my spigelian hernias not swell?
Because of their location between muscle layers, spigelian hernias tend not to cause noticeable swelling. Very thin people with visible abdominal muscles may notice some swelling, however.
How do you repair a hernia?
With the assistance of the camera, doctors locate the hernia then use a mesh patch or stitches to repair the weakened abdominal wall.
What causes a hernia in the abdomen?
Causes. The immediate cause of all hernias is a weakness or hole in the wall or tissue that holds the organ in place. Spigelian hernia is no different. It is caused by a weakness in the abdominal wall which leads to a protrusion of the abdominal organs into the abdominal muscles. The weakness in the wall is caused by various factors as explained ...
What is a hernia in the spigelian fascia?
What is Spigelian Hernia? A hernia is a condition whereby an organ pushes out of the tissue or muscle holding it in place through a weakness on the wall. Spigelian hernia (also called lateral ventral hernia) is a type of hernia that occurs in the spigelian fascia, which is a tissue that separates two abdominal muscles;
Why is a spigelian hernia different from other hernias?
This is because the abdominal muscles are usually have enough strength and able to hold abdominal organs in place. Location of Spigelian hernia. Spigelian hernia is different from all other hernias. While other hernias develop below the subcutaneous fat layers, it is found between muscles of the abdomen.
What type of surgery is used for a spigelian hernia?
There are two types of surgeries for spigelian hernia: laparoscopic surgery and open surgery. Laparoscopic surgery involves making a small incision and using a small tube and camera to view and guide the doctor to the affected part. The doctor then repairs the damaged part using surgical mesh.
Why do my abdominal walls get weak?
The weakness in the wall is caused by various factors as explained below: Chronic coughing, vomiting, and sneezing – These cause continuous and repetitive contractions of most body muscles. This strain on the abdominal walls can weaken them, leading to spigelian hernia.
Where does a hernia develop?
Spigelian hernia develops between the middle and lower abdomen (on the lateral edge), through a layer of tissue called spigelian fascia which separates the two parts of the abdomen. The middle abdomen is medically referred to as rectus abdominis while the lower part is called semilunar line. Diagrammatic representation of different types ...
What is open surgery?
Open surgery involves making a larger incision on the abdomen. The doctor is able to directly view and treat the hernia as deemed necessary.
What is the advantage of extraperitoneal mesh?
There have also been case reports of management of spigelian hernia by total extraperitoneal approach.[5,6] The advantage of extraperitoneal placement of mesh is that Prolene mesh can be used, which decreases the cost of procedure , also, incidence of complications like intestinal obstruction and fistulization of bowel is expected to decrease (which can occur with intraperitoneal placement of mesh). As compared to transabdominal extraperitoneal approach, the TEP approach eliminates the complications related to violation of peritoneal layer to reach the preperitoneal space. The need to close the peritoneal flap with tacks or sutures (in TAPP approach) also increases the operative time and cost.
What is the widest cranial aponeurosis?
The spigelian aponeurosis is widest between 0 and 6 cm cranial to the interspinous plane and 85-90% of the hernias occur within this “spigelian hernia” belt [Figure 3]. The hernial ring is a well-defined defect in the aponeurosis. The hernial sac, surrounded by extraperitoneal fat, is often interparietal passing through the transversus and the internal oblique aponeuroses and then spreading out beneath the intact aponeurosis of the external oblique, or lying in the rectus sheath alongside the rectus muscle.
What is the flap used to reduce a hernia sac?
Once the hernia sac contents are reduced, a peritoneal flap is raised as in trans abdominal pre peritoneal (TAPP) approach and attempt is made to completely reduce the hernial sac. After dissecting the peritoneal flap for about 5 cm around the hernial defect, Prolene mesh (Ethicon, Inc., Somerville, NJ, USA) is placed in the dissected extraperitoneal space [Figure 1] and is fixed using tacks (Autosuture, Tyco health care, US surgicals, CT, USA). The peritoneal flap is closed either with tacks or with a continuous suture.
How rare is a Spigelian hernia?
Spigelian hernia is in itself very rare and more over it is difficult to diagnose clinically. It has been estimated that it constitutes 0.12% of abdominal wall hernias. The spigelian hernia has been repaired by both conventional and laparoscopic approach. Laparoscopic management of spigelian hernia is well established.
How is endoscopic TEP repair performed?
Endoscopic TEP repair is performed using 3 midline ports. Extraperitoneal space is created by open access and a balloon. The spigelian hernial sac is identified around arcuate line and reduced completely [Figure 2]. The peritoneum is dissected above the arcuate line to have a 5 cm margin around the hernial defect for mesh overlap. A Prolene mesh (Ethicon, Inc., Somerville, NJ, USA) is used to cover the hernial defect. Mesh is fixed to anterior abdominal wall with spiral tacks (Autosuture, Tyco health care, US surgicals, CT, USA).
Where does a spigelian hernia occur?
Spigelian hernia occurs through slit like defect in the anterior abdominal wall adjacent to the semilunar line. Most of spigelian hernias occur in the lower abdomen where the posterior sheath is deficient. The hernia ring is a well-defined defect in the transverses aponeurosis.
Where does a hernia occur?
Spigelian hernias occurs through slit like defects in the anterior abdominal wall adjacent to the semilunar line which extends from the tip of the ninth costal cartilage to the pubic spine at the lateral edge of the rectus muscle inferiorly.
