Does the universe have a bottom?
So assuming you could travel almost at the speed of light in one direction, you'd be long-dead before you ever reached the "bottom" of space. Add to that the fact that space appears to be expanding way faster than any craft could ever travel, and you get the sense that if the universe has a bottom, no one is finding any time soon.
What is the difference between “at the bottom” and “in the bottom?
“At the bottom” is used to describe a specific place, “in the bottom” describes an enclosed space and “on the bottom” is used to describe a lower surface. They all have different meanings when considering the prepositions “at”, “in” and “on” and the context of the sentence is also important. Sometimes the phrases can be used interchangeably.
Is there up or down in space?
Astronomers love to remind us that there’s no up or down in space. Look out into the depths of the universe and you’ll see galaxies floating edge-on, face-on and at every angle in between. Look at planets circling stars within the Milky Way, and their orbits might be oriented in any direction at all.
Does the 4D universe have a top and bottom?
Our 4D universe does indeed have a top and bottom. The bottom (T=0) was the Big Bang. Space and time curved in, not to a point but to a parabola. There is nothing before T=0 because when you reach 0, whichever way you go, time will increase.
What would happen if we shot a rocket from the South Pole?
How do we measure satellites?
Can you travel at the bottom of the universe?
Is there an edge of the bubble?
Is space infinite?
About this website
Is there a bottom or top of space?
The universe has a bottom. That bottom extends infinitely outward and has an infinite sky above it, with an infinite number of stars and galaxies. The bottom is remarkably terrestrial, with gravity, mountains, lakes, forests, and sunshine, each of which deserves additional discussion.
Does space have a floor?
Answer 1: Space has no floor. However, it's not really an endless pit, either, because gravity doesn't pull in one direction. It pulls toward objects that have mass.
Is there an end to space?
No, they don't believe there's an end to space. However, we can only see a certain volume of all that's out there. Since the universe is 13.8 billion years old, light from a galaxy more than 13.8 billion light-years away hasn't had time to reach us yet, so we have no way of knowing such a galaxy exists.
What is below the space?
The FAI defines the Kármán line as space beginning 100 kilometres (54 nautical miles; 62 miles; 330,000 feet) above Earth's mean sea level. This number is roughly based on a theoretical limit to the altitude reachable by a conventional airplane.
How cold is space?
The baseline temperature of outer space is 2.7 kelvins (opens in new tab) — minus 454.81 degrees Fahrenheit, or minus 270.45 degrees Celsius — meaning it is barely above absolute zero, the point at which molecular motion stops.
What is under the universe?
It includes living things, planets, stars, galaxies, dust clouds, light, and even time. Before the birth of the Universe, time, space and matter did not exist. The Universe contains billions of galaxies, each containing millions or billions of stars. The space between the stars and galaxies is largely empty.
What is beyond our universe?
The trite answer is that both space and time were created at the big bang about 14 billion years ago, so there is nothing beyond the universe. However, much of the universe exists beyond the observable universe, which is maybe about 90 billion light years across.
What does space smell like?
A succession of astronauts have described the smell as '… a rather pleasant metallic sensation ... [like] ... sweet-smelling welding fumes', 'burning metal', 'a distinct odour of ozone, an acrid smell', 'walnuts and brake pads', 'gunpowder' and even 'burnt almond cookie'.
What happens after the universe dies?
Trillions of years in the future, long after Earth is destroyed, the universe will drift apart until galaxy and star formation ceases. Slowly, stars will fizzle out, turning night skies black. All lingering matter will be gobbled up by black holes until there's nothing left.
How far in space have we gone?
The probe launched on Sept. 5, 1977 — about two weeks after its twin Voyager 2 — and as of August 2022 is approximately 14.6 billion miles (23.5 billion kilometers) away from our planet, making it Earth's farthest spacecraft.
How far does space go?
When we take all of the available data together, we arrive at a unique value for everything together, including the distance to the observable cosmic horizon: 46.1 billion light-years. The observable Universe might be 46 billion light years in all directions from our point of view,...
How long is 1 hour in space?
One hour on Earth is 0.0026 seconds in space. Thus, upon calculation we find that one hour on Earth is equivalent to seven years in space. Einstein's theory of Special Relativity stands as a explanation to this calculation.
How high is space?
62 milesA common definition of space is known as the Kármán Line, an imaginary boundary 100 kilometers (62 miles) above mean sea level. In theory, once this 100 km line is crossed, the atmosphere becomes too thin to provide enough lift for conventional aircraft to maintain flight.
How far is space?
62 miles(A light year is the distance light travels in a year and is equal to six trillion miles.) Yet the edge of space – or the point where we consider spacecraft and astronauts to have entered space, known as the Von Karman Line – is only 62 miles (100 kilometers) above sea level.
What is above Earth in space?
Outer space does not begin at a definite altitude above the Earth's surface. The Kármán line, an altitude of 100 km (62 mi) above sea level, is conventionally used as the start of outer space in space treaties and for aerospace records keeping.
How far does space go?
When we take all of the available data together, we arrive at a unique value for everything together, including the distance to the observable cosmic horizon: 46.1 billion light-years. The observable Universe might be 46 billion light years in all directions from our point of view,...
What happens when a planet gets bigger than Jupiter?
That’s what happens as planets get more massive than Jupiter. They don’t get physically larger. They just get much, much denser, until they ignite and are no longer considered planets at all.
What is the nuclear boundary between a planet and a brown dwarf?
The nuclear boundary between “planet” and “brown dwarf” is based on a hidden interior process, however, and it is not necessarily easy to discern from external observation. That boundary also depends on on the object’s composition. For a plausible range of compositions, the fusion cutoff could be anywhere from 11 to 16 times the mass of Jupiter. (If you want the hairy details, they are here .) Anything well above that high end, though, is definitely capable of creating some energy of its own and no longer fits the standard astronomical definition of a planet.
What is saffron good for?
Saffron is a very special natural ingredient that’s revered for its revitalizing and rejuvenating properties as it lends your face: * Refreshed look from fatigue * Glowy and dewy sheen * Even-toned appearance * Brightened complexion * An illuminating radiance For all these reasons and more, saffron is he
How big is Trappist 1A?
It is 80 times as massive as Jupiter. On the other hand, its diameter is less than 10% larger . Put those two details together, and you get the surprising detail that this star (just like all extremely dim, cool red dwarf stars) is about 60 times as dense as Jupiter. Translated into more familiar terms, this little ball of glowing hydrogen plasma is 25 times as dense as granite, and more than six times as dense as lead!
What direction does the center of a celestial body go?
Up and down only depends on the gravity. So whatever celestial body you are near in the universe, the center of that body is the downward direction for you.
Is Tesseract a work of fiction?
I’m totally leaving out the concept of Interstellar here, as the scene which you are talking about is of Tesseract (5th Dimension) which was a work of pure fiction.
Where is the up side of a picture?
You would probably say that up is on the top side of the picture and down at the bottom on the image .
What is the shape of a planetary nebula?
Most planetary nebulae are roughly spherical; they’re not visibly “aligned” with anything. One especially spectacular subclass, however, is more hourglass-shaped, and when Rees and his colleague Albert Zijlstra examined this particular kind, the long dimensions of the clouds pointed more or less in the same direction.
Why do stars have hourglass clouds?
The gas clouds are created when a star in its death throes bloats out to many times its original size, then shrinks back to form a white dwarf, leaving its outer layers to expand. Usually, these layers maintain the star’s original, spherical shape as they grow, leading the observers who first spotted them in the 1700’s to describe them as planet-shaped.
Where are the magnetic fields in the Milky Way?
Since the nebulae Rees and Zijlstra looked at in this study are located toward the dense core of the Milky Way, there might well have been strong magnetic fields present when the original stars formed. Double stars and single stars with belts of dust might thus have been lined up with the plane of the Milky Way right from birth—an effect that wouldn’t happen further out from the core of the galaxy, where Earth is located.
How to make an hourglass?
One way to turn a sphere into an hourglass is to put a belt around it , and that’s a leading theory: a belt of dust leftover from the raw material that originally condensed into the star restricts expansion in that direction while leaving the star’s top and bottom halves free to move outward. Another is to surround the star with a magnetic field that shapes the expanding cloud—and such a field could be generated if the original star were part of a double-star system. The orbit of the second star, still intact after its partner expanded and contracted, could set up magnetic field lines that would sculpt the burgeoning cloud into its characteristic hourglass shape.
How to tell if there's no up or down in space?
Astronomers love to remind us that there’s no up or down in space. Look out into the depths of the universe and you’ll see galaxies floating edge-on, face-on and at every angle in between. Look at planets circling stars within the Milky Way, and their orbits might be oriented in any direction at all.
Where is the Orion Nebula?
The Orion A star-formation cloud seen by ESA’s Herschel space observatory on Aug. 26, 2013. The Orion Nebula is located within the central bright region of this scene, where massive star formation is most intense. Cooler gas and dust is seen in red and yellow, with point-like sources the seeds of new stars.
Has the universe a top and bottom? If it has, which is the right way up?
"Up" and "down" are terms we use to describe our relationship with objects that are having a significant gravitational effect on us (ie Earth). Therefore, whether the universe is the right way up or not is decided by the laws of physics at any given location, and who are we to argue with that?
Where did King Oliver live when the Cotton Club opened?
When the Cotton Club opened in New York they wanted him to run the house band, but he decided to stay in Chicago where he was already successful. The job went to Duke Ellington, and it was the making of him. King Oliver's career declined steadily from then on, and he ended up running a roadside vegetable stall.
Is the universe open or closed?
This is the problem of whether the universe is open or closed. An open universe fits some observations, but a newly-discovered principle of the " conservation of information " creates problems. An open universe that accelerates as it expands can create information, violating the principle.
Does the universe have a top and bottom?
Our 4D universe does indeed have a top and bottom. The bottom (T=0) was the Big Bang. Space and time curved in, not to a point but to a parabola. There is nothing before T=0 because when you reach 0, whichever way you go, time will increase. So that is one pole and it definitely exists/ed.
Is there a right and wrong place?
It is a misconception to assume that there are right and wrong places and right and wrong times, and that fate might dictate which of these we experience. The reality is that there are places and times in which good, bad or indifferent things might occur and when they do this does not represent being in the right place at the right time but merely something happened in a place (neither right or wrong) and at a time (neither good or bad)
What does it mean when you imagine the universe as a ball floating in the middle of nothing?
When you imagine the universe as a ball floating in the middle of nothing, you're playing a mental trick on yourself that the mathematics does not require. Granted, it sounds impossible for there to be a finite universe that has nothing outside it.
What do you think of when you imagine the universe?
When you imagine the universe, you might think of a giant ball that's filled with stars, galaxies and all sorts of interesting astrophysical objects. You may imagine how it looks from the outside, like an astronaut views the globe of the Earth from a serene orbit above.
What does the geometric curve tell us about the universe?
The geometric curve on large scales of the universe tells us about its overall shape. If the universe is perfectly geometrically flat, then it can be infinite. If it's curved, like Earth's surface, then it has finite volume.
What telescope is used to see galaxies?
Countless galaxies in the universe imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope. (Image credit: NASA/ESA)
How many light years are there in the universe?
So, in the history of the universe, we haven't received light from every single galaxy. The current width of the observable universe is about 90 billion light-years. And presumably, beyond that boundary, there's a bunch of other random stars and galaxies.
What is the point of developing sophisticated mathematics?
The entire point of developing sophisticated mathematics is to have tools that give us the ability to grapple with concepts beyond what we can imagine.
Is the cosmos infinitely big?
But it's not that simple. Even in the case of a flat universe, the cosmos doesn't have to be infinitely big. Take, for example, the surface of a cylinder. It is geometrically flat, because parallel lines drawn on the surface remain parallel (that's one of the definitions of "flatness"), and yet it has a finite size.
How far have photons traveled since the Big Bang?
The oldest photons that we can observe have traveled a distance of 45-47 billion light years since the big bang. That means that our observable universe is some 93 billion light-years wide (give or take a few light years). These 93 billion light-years contain all of the quarks, quasars, stars, planets, nebulae, black holes…and everything else that we could possibly observe.
Why is there a bottom to the universe?
It is hard to say what is at the very “bottom” of our universe because the only reason there is a “bottom” on Earth is due to gravity. However, as you probably know, there is little to no gravity in space, which causes the term “up” and “down” to be irrelevant.
How many light years can an astronomer see?
Astronomers on Earth can turn their telescopes to peer 13.8 billion light-years in every direction, which puts Earth inside of an observable sphere with a radius of 13.8 billion light-years. The word "observable" is key; the sphere limits what scientists can see but not what is there.
Why do galaxies move apart?
So, if you have 2 distant galaxies, then they are moving apart because the space in between them is expanding…
Does the universe have any edge?
The most standard answer to this question is that the Universe doesn’t have any edge at all! Now there are 2 ways for that to be true…
Is 2 dimensional a perfect analogy?
This 2 dimensional analogy is not perfect by we can try to just pump it up by one dimension. So, now we are 3 dimensional creatures and we just can’t imagine that our 3 dimensions can be curved!
Is there a strong gravitational attraction to the bottom of space?
Now imagine being stuck in interplanetary space. There’s no strong gravitational attraction for you to feel. The notion of “bottom” doesn’t just change: it ceases to exist.
What would happen if we shot a rocket from the South Pole?
Now, if we were to shoot a rocket from the south pole and give it infinite fuel, it will hit something eventually, perhaps a star, planet, or some other celestial body. Space doesn't realistically have any boundaries. The universe is expanding, true, but that rocket will never reach the end. That's terrible!
How do we measure satellites?
We measure and keep track of satellites by using our instruments on Earth as points of reference.
Can you travel at the bottom of the universe?
Add to that the fact that space appears to be expanding way faster than any craft could ever travel, and you get the sense that if the universe has a bottom, no one is finding any time soon.
Is there an edge of the bubble?
There isn't an "edge of the bubble" if that's what you're asking. When people say "space is expanding" it might be more practical to say, "the distance between the two objects farthest apart is expanding."
Is space infinite?
Think of it this way: space is infinite. The objects that make up "outer space" (stars, planets, clouds of dust, etc.) are getting farther apart.
