The Territory of Arizona (also known as Arizona Territory
Arizona Territory
The Territory of Arizona was a territory of the United States that existed from February 24, 1863 until February 14, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Arizona. It was created from the western half of the New Mexico Territory during the Amer…
New Mexico Territory
The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of New Mexico, making it the longest-lived organized inc…
When did Arizona become first affiliated with the US?
Arizona, the Grand Canyon state, achieved statehood on February 14, 1912, the last of the 48 coterminous United States to be admitted to the union. Originally part of Spanish and Mexican territories, the land was ceded to the United States in 1848, and became a separate territory in 1863.
What day and year did Arizona because a state?
Arizona is the 48th state and last of the contiguous states to be admitted to the Union, achieving statehood on February 14, 1912, coinciding with Valentine's Day.Historically part of the territory of Alta California in New Spain, it became part of independent Mexico in 1821.
When was Arizona added as a state?
However, after much effort, on January 6, 1912 New Mexico became the 47th state and on February 14, 1912 Arizona became the 48th state in the Union. Both states celebrate their 100th anniversaries in 2012.
What year did Arizona achieve statehood?
Arizona, the Grand Canyon state, achieved statehood on February 14, 1912, the last of the 48 coterminous United States to be admitted to the union. Arizona was originally part of New Mexico, being ceded to the United States in 1848, and became a separate territory in 1863.
Who owned Arizona before the US?
Originally part of the Territory of New Mexico, the Territory of Arizona was established in 1863. In the early 1900s, Arizona almost entered the United States as part of New Mexico, since Republicans thought it would help them maintain control of the Senate.
When did Arizona become a territory?
February 14, 1912Arizona / Founded
How long was Arizona a territory?
The Territory of Arizona (also known as Arizona Territory) was a territory of the United States that existed from February 24, 1863, until February 14, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Arizona.
What was Arizona like before statehood?
In 1863, Arizona was split off from the Territory of New Mexico to form the Arizona Territory. The remoteness of the region was eased by the arrival of railroads in 1880. Arizona became a state in 1912 but was primarily rural with an economy based on cattle, cotton, citrus, and copper.
Why did Arizona take so long to become a state?
A lot of early political leaders in Arizona were Confederate sympathizers, some, at one point, had even been confederates themselves. These connections are often cited as a reason why Arizona's statehood took so long, however, Adams has some doubts.
Why was Arizona not a state 1912?
Arizona, formerly part of the Territory of New Mexico, was organized as a separate territory on February 24, 1863. The U.S. acquired the region under the terms of the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo and the 1853 Gadsden Purchase. Arizona became the forty-eighth state in 1912.
Whats the oldest town in Arizona?
Tucson is Arizona's oldest city and was established in 1877. Tusayan is Arizona's youngest city and was established in 2010. Twenty of Arizona's cities and towns were incorporated prior to statehood. 10 Arizona cities have a population greater than 100,000 residents.
Why did Arizona split from New Mexico?
On February 24, 1863, during the Civil War, Congress passed the "Arizona Organic Act", which split off the western portion of the 12-year-old New Mexico Territory, establishing the new Arizona Territory, where it abolished slavery.
Why did Congress take land from Arizona and give it to Nevada?
THE SOUTHERN TIP 18, 1867, when it absorbed the portion of Arizona Territory west of the Colorado River. This is the entire southern tip of the state, including all of Clark County. Congress decided Nevada would be better able to oversee the population boom expected following the discovery of gold in the area.
What was Arizona originally called?
The state's name appears to originate from an earlier Spanish name, Arizonac, derived from the O'odham name alĭ ṣonak, meaning "small spring". Initially this term was applied by Spanish colonists only to an area near the silver mining camp of Planchas de Plata, Sonora.
Was Arizona involved in the civil war?
The Confederacy declared Arizona a territory on 1 August 1861 at the start of the war. Arizona supplied 3 Confederate military units. The Arizona Territory sided with the Confederacy, while the New Mexico Territory sided with the Union.
Was Arizona a Spanish colony?
During the years of Spanish and Mexican control, Southern Arizona was, for the most part, included within a larger area which the Spaniards called the "Pimer a Alta" or "Land of the Northern Pimans (O'Odham)." European explorers passed through the Pimer a Alta as early as the middle of the sixteenth century, but two- ...
Why did Arizona split from New Mexico?
On February 24, 1863, during the Civil War, Congress passed the "Arizona Organic Act", which split off the western portion of the 12-year-old New Mexico Territory, establishing the new Arizona Territory, where it abolished slavery.
Why did Congress take land from Arizona and give it to Nevada?
THE SOUTHERN TIP 18, 1867, when it absorbed the portion of Arizona Territory west of the Colorado River. This is the entire southern tip of the state, including all of Clark County. Congress decided Nevada would be better able to oversee the population boom expected following the discovery of gold in the area.
What President made Arizona a separate United States territory?
President Abraham LincolnIn 1862, the Congress of the Confederate States of America created a separate Territory of Arizona. February 24, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln signed the Arizona Organic Act that created a separate United States Territory of Arizona.
Was AZ a Confederate state?
The Arizona Territory sided with the Confederacy, while the New Mexico Territory sided with the Union. Then a Confederate Army from Texas moved into eastern New Mexico to hold both the Arizona and New Mexico Territories within their influence. However, a Union Army from California moved into western Arizona Territory.
When did Arizona become a state?
The remoteness of the region was eased by the arrival of railroads in 1880. Arizona became a state in 1912 but was primarily rural with an economy based on cattle, cotton, citrus, and copper.
What is the history of Arizona?
The history of Arizona encompasses Spanish, Mexican, and American periods. Arizona was part of the state of Sonora, Mexico from 1822, but the settled population was small. In 1848, under the terms of the Mexican Cession the United States took possession of Arizona above the Gila River after the Mexican War, which became part of the Territory ...
What was the name of the treaty that gave Mexico the right to the land in Arizona?
In the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848), Mexico ceded to the U.S. the northern 70% of modern-day Arizona above the Sonora border along the Gila River. During the California Gold Rush upwards of 50,000 men traveled through on the Southern Emigrant Trail pioneered by Cooke, to reach the gold fields in 1849.
Why were forts built in Arizona?
In the late 19th century the Army built a series of forts to encourage the Natives to stay in their territory and to act as a buffer from the settlers. The first was Fort Defiance. It was established on September 18, 1851, by Col. Edwin V. Sumner to create a military presence in Diné bikéyah (Navajo territory). Sumner broke up the fort at Santa Fe for this purpose, creating the first military post in what is now Arizona. He left Major Electus Backus in charge. Small skirmishes were common between raiding Navajo and counter raiding citizens. In April 1860 one thousand Navajo warriors under Manuelito attacked the fort and were beaten off.
How did the Chinese come to Arizona?
The Chinese came to Arizona with the construction of the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1880. Tucson was the main railroad center and soon had a Chinatown with laundries for the general population and a rich mix of restaurants, groceries, and services for the residents. Chinese and Mexican merchants and farmers transcended racial differences to form 'guanxi,' which were relations of friendship and trust. Chinese leased land from Mexicans, operated grocery stores, and aided compatriots attempting to enter the United States from Mexico after the Mexican Revolution in 1910. Chinese merchants helped supply General John Pershing 's army in its expedition against Pancho Villa. Successful Chinese in Tucson led a viable community based on social integration, friendship, and kinship.
Why was Arizona a military base?
Construction of military bases in Arizona was a national priority because of the state's excellent flying weather and clear skies, large amounts of unoccupied land, good railroads, cheap labor, low taxes, and its proximity to California's aviation industry. Arizona was attractive to both the military and private firms and they stayed after the war.
What was Arizona like in the 1840s?
Arizona was a part of northern Mexico in the 1840s. It was remote and poor and seldom had outside contacts. The Mexican population, based in Tucson, was a few hundred, in addition to a presidio garrison of about 100 soldiers. The mission was deactivated in 1828.
How long did it take Arizona to become a state?
Did You Know: It Took Arizona 49 Years To Become A State. The 13 red and gold rays on Arizona's flag represent the original 13 colonies, the blue represents the U.S. flag and the star represents the copper. More than 100 years ago, Arizona became the last of the contiguous U.S. states to be signed into statehood, but it did not happen so easily.
When did Arizona join the Union?
On Feb. 14, 1912, President William Howard Taft signed Arizona into the Union. Did you know Arizona was a territory for 49 years before it became a state?
Who stopped Arizona from becoming a state?
Despite Congress’ approval, President Taft rejected it and stopped Arizona from becoming a state, unless it removed from its constitution the provision of voting out judges. And it did, President Taft then signed Arizona into statehood.
What does the blue star on the Arizona flag represent?
The 13 red and gold rays on Arizona's flag represent the original 13 colonies, the blue represents the U.S. flag and the star represents the copper. More than 100 years ago, Arizona became the last of the contiguous U.S. states to be signed into statehood, but it did not happen so easily. Arizona had a bumpy road to statehood.
When did Arizona become a state?
Arizona, the Grand Canyon state, achieved statehood on February 14, 1912, the last of the 48 coterminous United States to be admitted to the union. Originally part of Spanish and Mexican territories, the land was ceded to the United States in 1848, and became a separate territory in 1863.
What is the name of the state in Arizona?
Arizona, the Grand Canyon state , achieved statehood on February 14, 1912, the last of the 48 coterminous United States to be admitted to the union. Originally part of Spanish and Mexican territories, the land was ceded to the United States in 1848, and became a separate territory in 1863. Copper was discovered in 1854, and copper mining was Arizona’s premier industry until the 1950s. After World War II, the widespread availability of refrigeration and air conditioning caused Arizona’s population to boom and Phoenix to become one of the fastest growing cities in America. Arizona is the sixth largest state in the country in terms of area. Its population has always been predominantly urban, particularly since the mid-20th century, when urban and suburban areas began growing rapidly at the expense of the countryside. Some scholars believe that the state’s name comes from a Basque phrase meaning “place of oaks” while others attribute it to a Tohono O’odham (Papago) Indian phrase meaning “place of the young (or little) spring.”
What is the oldest continuously inhabited settlement in the United States?
Oraibi, a Hopi Indian village dating back to at least 1150 AD, is believed to be the oldest continuously inhabited settlement in the United States.
How long is the Grand Canyon?
Formed by the Colorado River over a period of 3 to 6 million years, Arizona’s Grand Canyon is 277 miles long, up to 18 miles wide and one mile deep.
When was copper discovered in Arizona?
Copper was discovered in 1854, and copper mining was Arizona’s premier industry until the 1950s. After World War II, the widespread availability of refrigeration and air conditioning caused Arizona’s population to boom and Phoenix to become one of the fastest growing cities in America.
Where did the name Phoenix come from?
Some scholars believe that the state’s name comes from a Basque phrase meaning “place of oaks” while others attribute it to a Tohono O’odham (Papago) Indian phrase meaning “place of the young (or little) spring.”. Date of Statehood: February 14, 1912. Capital: Phoenix.
Which state has the highest and lowest temperature?
Arizona ’s diverse climate and geography can yield both the highest and lowest temperatures in the country within the same day.
When Was Arizona Founded?
The state of Arizona was founded on February 14, 1912. Historically, Arizona was part of Nueva California. The United States acquired the southwestern parts of New Mexico and south Arizona in the Mesilla Treaty of 1854. Present-Day Arizona was part of New Mexico Territory until 1863 when the Arizona territory was formed. Arizona was the last of the conterminous states to gain statehood in 1912.
What is the state of Arizona?
Arizona is an American state in the southwestern parts of the country. Arizona shares its borders with New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, California, Nevada, and two Mexican states (Baja California and Sonora). Arizona is the fourteenth most populous American state with over 7.1 million residents.
What is Arizona known for?
The state is famous for its desert Range and Basin area that has numerous xerophytes plants. Just like all the other southwestern American states, Arizona has numerous plateaus and mountains. Despite its aridity, over 27% of the state is occupied by forests. The Grand Canyon is in northern Arizona.
How many people live in Arizona in 2018?
The population of Arizona increased by 12.2% from 2010 (6,392,017) to 2018 (7,171,646). The state was sparsely populated during the nineteenth century, but by 1860 the number of residents had grown to 6,482.
What is the average temperature in Arizona?
The weather is quite mild in Arizona from late-fall to spring with an average temperature of about 16°C. The state receives an average annual rainfall of 12.7 inches. Hurricanes and tornadoes are quite rare in Arizona.
When did Arizona become a state?
Arizona, the Grand Canyon state, achieved statehood on February 14, 1912, the last of the 48 coterminous United States to be admitted to the union. Arizona was originally part of New Mexico, being ceded to the United States in 1848, and became a separate territory in 1863. Copper was discovered in 1854, and copper mining was Arizona's premier ...
When did Arizona become part of the United States?
1853 - By Gadsden Purchase, rest of Arizona becomes part of United States.
What is Arizona's history?
The land that is present-day Arizona is one of the oldest inhabited areas in the United States. Pueblo people lived on the land and the Hopi village was founded in 1200 AD. Arizona, the Grand Canyon state, achieved statehood on February 14, 1912, ...
What caused Arizona to become a major city?
After World War II, the widespread availability of refrigeration and air conditioning caused Arizona's population to boom and Phoenix to become one of the fastest growing cities in America. Arizona is the sixth largest state in the country in terms of area.
What happened in the 19th century in Arizona?
19th Century Arizona History Timeline. 1821 - Mexico gained military control of Arizona. That same year, trappers and traders from the United States came into the area. 1848 - United States won the Mexican War and gained all of Arizona north of the Gila River..
What was Arizona's history in the 17th century?
17th Century Arizona History Timeline. 1609 - Santa Fe is established as the capital of New Mexico. 1629 - Franciscans, the first Europeans to live in Arizona, tried to establish missions in the north around the Hopi, but their venture failed.
Which project brought more water from the Colorado River by pipeline to Tucson?
Central Arizona Project brought more water from the Colorado River by pipeline to Tucson.
When was the map of Arizona and New Mexico published?
Map of Arizona and New Mexico from the 10th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, published in 1902.
Where is copper mined in Arizona?
Copper, Arizona’s premier industry until the 1950s, was first mined in Arizona at Ajo in 1854. The Planet mines opened on the banks of the Colorado River about the same time. By 1876 the Clifton-Morenci district in eastern Arizona had two large-scale mining operations. Copper mines in Globe and Jerome, both in central Arizona, also developed rapidly, as did the silver mines at Tombstone. However, the richest copper find of all occurred in 1877 in Bisbee, in southeastern Arizona near the Mexican border. By 1880 national and international advances in electrical engineering and the availability of investment capital had created a vigorous demand for copper, and Arizona began to satisfy a rapidly growing market; the state still mines and processes about two-thirds of the copper produced in the United States.
What are the problems of Arizona?
Arizona’s major problem is the limit of the state’s ability to support a growing population in a way that does not bring deterioration to those characteristics that made Arizona attractive in the first place .
What were the five Cs of Arizona?
After Arizona achieved statehood in 1912, it soon began to tout itself as the place of the “five Cs”: copper, cattle, cotton, citrus, and climate. Health seekers from the rest of the country discovered that the clear, clean, dry air of Arizona brought relief from various respiratory ailments, thus laying the foundation for a growing stream of in-migrants and visitors who continued to infuse money into the state. During the 1920s “motor courts” ( motels ), dude ranches, and resorts sprang up to accommodate increasing numbers of tourists, winter residents, and retirees. Arizona, with its favourable climate and its distance from the country’s coasts, became the site of several World War II flight schools and other U.S. government military bases. Following the war, a surge of migration from other states—particularly from the Midwest—changed Phoenix into one of the fastest-growing urban areas in the United States. Also of great significance was the development and widespread use of refrigeration and air conditioning, which perhaps more than anything else made Arizona attractive and habitable.
When did Arizona become a state?
Arizona came under U.S. control in 1848 and didn’t become a state until 1912. Before 1848, Arizona was part of the Mexican state of Sonora.
What state was once part of Mexico?
New Mexico is another state that was once part of Mexico. In 1848, the United States paid Mexico $15 million for the Mexican Cession land, which included present-day New Mexico.
Why is it important to look at what parts of the country were once in Mexican hands?
Nonetheless, it’s important to look at what parts of the country were once in Mexican hands because that same land now has states that are very anti-immigration, which is ironic, to say the least. Many ignorant people are telling immigrants, especially Mexicans, to “Go back to their country,” when states like Texas, Arizona, ...
When did California become independent?
California was under Mexican rule from 1821, when Mexico gained its independence from Spain, until 1848. That year, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed (on February 2), giving California over to United States control.
When did Mormons settle in Utah?
When the Mormons settled in the area of today’s Utah in 1847, they claimed it as their own, despite it being a Mexican territory. The state was part of the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which also included California, the majority of Arizona, about half of New Mexico, Colorado, and parts of Wyoming.
Was Wyoming part of Mexico?
Part of Wyoming ( nearly 10%) was once part of Mexico. Sections of Wyoming were also claimed at one point by Great Britain, France, Spain, and the state of Texas.
Was Oklahoma a Mexican territory?
Oklahoma, too, was once Mexican territory. Like Kansas, a part of Oklahoma was included in the Louisiana Purchase (1803), while its panhandle was under Mexican rule until the United States received it in 1848.
Overview
The history of Arizona encompasses the Paleo-Indian, Archaic, Post-Archaic, Spanish, Mexican, and American periods. About 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, Paleo-Indians settled in what is now Arizona. A few thousand years ago, the Ancestral Puebloan, the Hohokam, the Mogollon and the Sinagua cultures inhabited the state. However, all of these civilizations mysteriously disappeare…
Paleo-Indian period
Paleo-Indians settled what is now Arizona around 10,000 to 12,000 years ago. According to most archaeologists, the Paleo-Indians initially followed herds of big game—megafauna such as mammoths, mastodons, and bison —into North America. The traveling groups also collected and utilized a wide variety of smaller game animals, fish, and a wide variety of plants. These people were likely characterized by highly mobile bands of approximately 20 or 50 members of an exten…
Archaic period
The Archaic time frame is defined culturally as a transition from a hunting/gathering lifestyle to one involving agriculture and permanent, if only seasonally occupied, settlements. In the Southwest, the Archaic is generally dated from 8000 years ago to approximately 1800 to 2000 years ago. During this time the people of the southwest developed a variety of subsistence strategies, all using their own specific techniques. The nutritive value of weed and grass seeds …
Post-Archaic period
In the Post-Archaic period, the Ancestral Peubloan, the Hohokam, the Mogollon and Sinagua cultures inhabited what is now Arizona. These cultures built structures made out of stone. Some of the structures that these cultures built are called pueblos. Pueblos are monumental structures that housed dozens to thousands of people. In some Ancestral Puebloan towns and villages, Hohoka…
Spanish and Mexican Arizona
The history of Arizona as recorded by Europeans began in 1539 with the first documented exploration of the area by Marcos de Niza, early work expanded the following year when Francisco Vásquez de Coronado entered the area as well.
The Spanish established a few missions in southern Arizona in the 1680s by Father Eusebio Francisco Kino along the Santa Cruz River, in what was then the Pimería Alta region of Sonora. Th…
American Arizona
Starting in 1853, the entirety of present-day Arizona was part of the New Mexico Territory.
In 1849, the California Gold Rush led as many as 50,000 miners to travel across the region, leading to a boom in Arizona's population. In 1850, Arizona and New Mexico formed the New Mexico Territory.
Early 20th century
By 1869 Americans were reading John Wesley Powell's reports of his explorations of the Colorado River. In 1901, the Santa Fe Railroad reached Grand Canyon's South Rim. With railroad, restaurant and hotel entrepreneur Fred Harvey leading the way, large-scale tourism began that has never abated. The Grand Canyon has become an iconic symbol of the West and the nation as a w…
After 1945
After World War II the population grew rapidly, increasing sevenfold between 1950 and 2000, from 700,000 to over 5 million. Most of the growth was in the Phoenix area, with Tucson a distant second. Urban growth doomed the state's citrus industry, as the groves were turned into housing developments.
The cost of water made growing cotton less profitable, and Arizona's production steadily decline…