what are the common disorders of the reproductive system

What are the most common reproductive disorders?

polycystic ovary syndrome (pos) is the most common endocrine reproductive disorder and is associated with obesity. 12 the primary features of pos include polycystic ovaries, anovulation, associated irregular menstruation, amenorrhoea and infertility, hyperandrogenism and associated conditions such as hirsutism, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. …

What are some diseases of the reproductive system?

Female reproductive system diseases. Endometriosis – a condition involving colonization of the abdominal/pelvic cavity with islands of endometrial tissue. Endometrium is the lining layer of the uterus which sloughs off with each menstruation. If endometrial tissue flushes up the uterine tube and spills into the abdomen (peritoneal cavity ...

Who treats reproductive disorders?

Uterine Fibroids External file_external (MedlinePlus)

• Heavy or painful periods or bleeding between periods.
• Feeling “full” in the lower abdomen.
• Urinating often.
• Pain during sex.
• Lower back pain.
• Reproductive problems, such as infertility, multiple miscarriages, or early labor.

What are common reproductive problems?

Don't ignore these common gynaec problems; expert tips

• Fungal and bacterial infections. One of the common problems related to sexual health are fungal and bacterial infections which can cause irritation, discharge and itchiness in the intimate area.
• ALSO READ: Having irregular periods? ...
• Menstrual irregularities. ...

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What are the symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome?

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)#N#External#N#file_external#N#(MedlinePlus) 1 Infertility. 2 Pelvic pain. 3 Excess hair growth on the face, chest, stomach, thumbs, or toes. 4 Baldness or thinning hair. 5 Acne, oily skin, or dandruff. 6 Patches of thickened dark brown or black skin.

Why do women have no symptoms?

Urinating often. Pain during sex. Lower back pain. Reproductive problems, such as infertility, multiple miscarriages, or early labor. But some women will have no symptoms. That is why it is important to see your health care provider for routine exams.

What is the most common noncancerous tumor in women of childbearing age?

Uterine fibroids are the most common noncancerous tumors in women of childbearing age. Fibroids are made of muscle cells and other tissues that grow in and around the wall of the uterus, or womb. The cause of fibroids is unknown. Risk factors include being African-American or being overweight. The symptoms of fibroids include

How many types of STDs are there?

There are more than 20 types of STDs. Read more about specific STDs from these CDC fact sheets. Most STDs affect both men and women, but in many cases the health problems they cause can be more severe for women. If a pregnant woman has an STD, it can cause serious health problems for the baby.

What is gynecologic cancer?

Gynecologic cancer is any cancer that starts in a woman’s reproductive organs. Gynecologic cancers begin in different places within a woman’s pelvis, ...

Where does endometriosis grow?

It can grow on the ovaries, behind the uterus, on the bowels, or on the bladder. Rarely, it grows in other parts of the body.

Can endometriosis cause heavy periods?

Rarely, it grows in other parts of the body. This “misplaced” tissue can cause pain, infertility, and very heavy periods. The pain is usually in the abdomen, lower back, or pelvic areas. Some women have no symptoms at all, and having trouble getting pregnant may be the first sign they have endometriosis.

What are the problems that can occur from environmental pollution?

These problems can occur at any stage in life and include birth defects of the reproductive system, pregnancy complications, early puberty, developmental disorders, low birth weight, preterm birth, ...

Does lead affect fertility?

For example, lead exposure is associated with reduced fertility in men and women. In addition, evidence suggests that exposure to endocrine disruptors might contribute to problems with fertility, pregnancy, and other aspects of reproduction.

What is the most common cause of infertility?

PCOS: Among women, one of the most common causes of infertility is polycystic ovary syndrome. It affects as many as 5 million in the U.S. who are of reproductive age. With PCOS, a woman is producing more male hormones than normal.

What is infertility in men?

It is an umbrella term for a number of conditions that impact the reproductive system in men and women. Historically, infertility has been defined as a couple’s inability to get pregnant after a year of trying, or after six months of trying if the woman is over the age of 35.

What causes a swollen testicle?

This can be caused by enlarged veins in the testicle called a varicocele, and accounts for about 40 percent of men with fertility problems. There are several conditions that can lead to abnormally shaped sperm, low sperm count or may affect how the sperm move around.

What percentage of women have endometriosis?

Forty percent of women with infertility have endometriosis. One in 10 women of reproductive age has the condition, where the uterine lining, known as the endometrium, grows outside of the uterus. During menstruation, bleeding occurs not only inside the uterus, but wherever the endometrium has landed, causing scarring.

How many egg cells are there in a woman at 20 weeks?

Age is a major risk factor for ovulation problems. At 20 weeks a female fetus has six to seven million egg cells. That number drops to about one to two million after a baby girl is born. At puberty there are between 300,000 and 500,000 egg cells. By the time a woman is 37, there are about 25,000 egg cells.

How many cases of infertility are unexplained?

One in five cases of infertility is unexplained – for now. The other 80 percent of infertility cases could be due to one or more of the following reproductive disorders.

Why do men have oligospermia?

It can be caused by a hormone imbalance or a blockage of sperm movement. Some men may not have the necessary ducts within their reproductive organs to allow sperm to move freely. Oligospermia is when a man produces less sperm than normal, also called low sperm count.

What are the two reproductive system diseases that are caused by abnormal growth of the endometrium?

3. Endometriosis and Adenomyosis. Endometriosis and adenomyosis are two reproductive system diseases that are caused by abnormal growth of the endometrium. The endometrium is the tissue that lines the womb or uterus. When this tissue is formed in other parts of the reproductive system like the outside of the uterus, ovaries or fallopian tubes, ...

What are the symptoms of a female reproductive system disorder?

Some symptoms are hair loss, acne, pain in the pelvic region, oily skin, and increases in facial or body hair growth. There is no cure for this female reproductive system disease yet, but the hormone production can be controlled and skin cleared up with hormone therapy. 7. Vulvovaginitis.

Why do women get infertile?

The reasons for infertility are varied and can be caused by other female reproductive system diseases. Ovulation disorders such as irregularities in the production of hormones or problems in the ovary account for 25% of infertility cases. Endometriosis, damage to the fallopian tubes, the uterine tubes or cervix can also cause infertility.

Why do ovaries cause cysts?

This syndrome is caused when the ovaries produce high levels of a particular class of hormones, namely androgens. This increase in hormone levels can hamper the ovulation process and lead to cysts on the ovaries. It can also cause infertility by affecting the release of the ovarian egg in the menstrual cycle.

What is it called when the endometrium is pushed out of the body?

If the growth occurs into the muscles surrounding the uterus, it is called adenomyosis. Since all endometrium tissue is pushed out of the body with the completion ...

What is the term for a uterus that is held above the vagina?

2. Prolapsed Uterus. The uterus is held above the vagina by ligaments with the cervix (on the uterus) extending to the upper vagina. This support is important to prevent the cervix from sliding out through the vaginal opening, or called prolapsed uterus . Any such prolapse can only be rectified after surgery.

What are the parts of the reproductive system?

The reproductive system in women consists of many parts such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, cervix, external genitals and uterus, but these different parts are also susceptible to many diseases that can harm fertility or lead to further serious illness. Although frequent check-ups and medical intervention can drastically reduce ...

What is the disorder of the uterus?

Endometriosis. It is a disorder affecting the uterus of women. The problem arises when the tissue lining the uterus grows elsewhere, such as – behind the rectum, intestinal loops, uterus, ovaries, on the bladder or bowels.

What are the effects of environmental pollutants on the reproductive system?

Disorders in the reproductive system. Effect of environmental pollutants on the reproductive system has been closely observed, for instance, reduced fertility in men and women these days is associated with the exposure to lead, vulnerability to endocrine disruptors have known to be causative for difficulty in conceiving, fertility, ...

Where does uterine cance occur?

Uterine cance r – occurs in the uterus, the organ in the woman where the fetus develops when a woman is pregnant. Vulvar cancer – Originates in the vulva region which constitutes for the exterior region of the female genital organs. Explore more on reproductive system disorders and associated symptoms by registering at BYJU’S.

What are the symptoms of fibroids?

Experiencing pain during sexual intercourse. Pain in the lower back. Difficulty in conceiving, frequent miscarriages, early labour. Not all women necessarily exhibit these signs. Studies have shown that some women have been diagnosed with fibroids but have not displayed any of these signs of discomfort.

What are the different types of gynecologic cancer?

Types of gynecologic cancer. There are 5 main gynecologic cancers: Ovarian cancer – they are the cancers of the ovaries which are present on each side of the uterus. Cervical cancer – originates from the cervical region which forms the lower end of the uterus. Vaginal cancer – occurs in the vagina which is a hollow pipe-like structure between ...

Where does gynaecological cancer originate?

These usually originate in the reproductive organs of the women and spread to various locations such as – within the pelvic area, area below the stomach and between the hip bones.

Do females have an abdominal cavity?

Unlike males, females have an abdominal cavity that is exposed to the outside through the reproductive tract. This tract can be very susceptible to bacteria which make their way via the vagina and hence the uterus and the uterine tubes and finally the abdominal cavity.

What is the name of the condition where a woman's ovaries produce more male hormones than normal?

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) happens when a woman’s ovaries or adrenal glands produce more male sex hormones than normal. PCOS affects 8-13% of reproductive age women, with around 21% of Indigenous women affected. One result is that cysts (fluid-filled sacs) develop on the ovaries.

What is the condition where the uterine lining grows outside of the uterus?

At least one in 10 women of reproductive age have the condition, where the uterine lining, known as the endometrium, grows outside of the uterus. The endometrium normally responds to the sex hormones oestrogen ...

How many women have fibroids?

Up to 80% of black women, 70% of white women and a smaller proportion of Asian women will develop at least one fibroid between the age of 15 and 50 years. Seventy to 80% of women over the age of 50 will have fibroids. Symptoms may include:

What causes a uterus to stick to each other?

Inflammation from the dysfunctional growth of endometrium can damage the sperm, egg or interfere with movement through the fallopian tubes and uterus. Fibrous scar tissue can form on the lining inside the abdomen (the peritoneum), causing the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes and bowel to stick to each other.

How do you know if you have fibroids?

Seventy to 80% of women over the age of 50 will have fibroids. Symptoms may include: Heavy, long and painful periods. Spotting between periods. Feeling “full” in the lower abdomen (back, bowel and bladder) Lump or swelling in the lower abdomen. Urinating often.

Where does gynaecological cancer start?

Gynaecological cancer refers to the cancers that start in a woman’s reproductive organs. Gynaecological cancers begin in different places within a woman’s pelvis, which is the area below the stomach and in between the hip bones. Cervical cancer begins in the cervix, which is the lower, narrow end of the uterus.

Is oral contraceptive good for PCOs?

This is particularly important for women with PCOS-induced fertility. The oral contraceptive pill can also be helpful to regulate periods and improve acne and excess body hair. Further reading. National Diabetes Services Scheme – Polycystic ovary syndrome fact sheet.

What are common reproductive health issues in men?

Millions of Americans are affected by diseases or disorders that affect their reproductive system. Fortunately, most reproductive health issues can be prevented and treated effectively.

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Erectile dysfunction (ED, impotence) is the failure to achieve or maintain an erection. There are many potential underlying causes of erectile dysfunction, including stress and emotional problems, brain dysfunction, problems with blood supply to the penis, and structural problems with the penis.