Structure
| Compartment | Component (s) | Function (s) | Associated pathology |
| 1 | Abductor pollicis longus tendon Extensor ... | Thumb abduction and extension at ... | De Quervain's tenosynovitis |
| 2 | Extensor carpi radialis longus tendon Ex ... | Extension of wrist | Intersection syndrome |
| 3 | Extensor pollicis longus tendon | Separated from the third compartment by ... | Drummer's wrist |
| 4 | Extensor digitorum tendons Extensor indi ... | Extension of the medial four digits | Fourth compartment syndrome |
What is the first extensor compartment of the wrist?
The first extensor compartment is located on the lateral (radial) aspect of the wrist. It transmits two tendons: These tendons form the lateral border of the anatomical snuffbox. De Quervain’s tenosynovitis is inflammation of the tendons within the first extensor compartment of the wrist, resulting in wrist pain and swelling.
What are the parts of the wrist?
What are the parts of the wrist? In the hand proper a total of 13 bones form part of the wrist: eight carpal bones —scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate— and five metacarpal bones —the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth metacarpal bones .
What are the extensor muscles of the wrist?
- scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT)
- scaphocapitate
- triquetrohamatecapitate
- triquetrohamate
What is the first extensor tendon compartment?
- I: extensor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis longus.
- II: extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis.
- III: extensor pollicis longus. compartments 2 and 3 are divided by Lister's tubercle of the distal radius.
- IV: extensor digitorum, extensor indicis.
- V: extensor digiti minimi.
- VI: extensor carpi ulnaris.
What are the 6 compartments of the wrist?
In the dorsal aspect of wrist , tendons are arranged in 6 compartments. It starts with Abductor Pollicis Longus ,Extensor Pollicis Brevis ,Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus ,Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis ,Extensor Pollics Longus, Extensor Indicis , Extensor Digitorum ,Extensor Digiti Minimi, and Extensor Carpi Ulnaris .
What are the 6 compartments of the hand?
The hand is comprised of eleven separate compartments. These are the four dorsal interossei, three volar interossei, the thenar, the hypothenar, the adductor, and the mid-palm compartments, respectively. [2] The dorsal interossei act to abduct the digits, and the palmar interossei act to adduct the digits*.
How many dorsal wrist compartments are there?
six compartmentsOn the dorsal side of the wrist, the extensor tendons run within six compartments, numbered from 1 to 6, from the radial to the ulnar side.
How many extensor tendon compartments are in the wrist?
six extensor compartmentsThere are six extensor compartments of the wrist that serve as tunnels for tendons to pass from the forearm to the wrist.
How do I remember my wrist compartments?
These compartments contain tendons of muscles that pass from forearm to hand. The number of tendons passinf thorugh the compartments (radial to ulnar) can be remembered using the mnemonic: 2-2-1-2-1-1.
What are the extensor compartments?
Extensor tendon compartments of the wrist are anatomical tunnels on the back of the wrist that contain tendons of muscles that extend (as opposed to flex) the wrist and the digits (fingers and thumb). The extensor tendons are held in place by the extensor retinaculum.
How many flexor compartments are in the wrist?
Flexor Compartment Overlying these are three muscles, flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU), palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis (FCR) (Fig.
What is the first dorsal compartment of the wrist?
The first dorsal compartment of the wrist includes the tendon sheath that encloses the abductor pollicis longus and the extensor pollicis brevis tendons at the lateral border of the anatomic snuffbox. The Finkelstein test is performed by having the patient make a fist with the thumb inside the fingers.
What is the dorsal compartment?
The dorsal compartment of the forearm contains nine muscles: four belong to the superficial group (extensor digitorum communis, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris and anconeus) and five to the deep group (supinator, abductor longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, and extensor indices).
How many compartments does the forearm have?
The forearm is the region of the body spanning from the elbow to the wrist. It consists of several muscles and an extensive neurovascular network encased in three compartments. These include the anterior compartment, posterior compartment, and the mobile wad.
What 4 muscles extend the wrist?
Muscles that Extend the WristExtensor Carpi Radialis Longus.Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis.Extensor Carpi Ulnaris.
What are the contents of the carpal tunnel?
The carpal tunnel contains nine tendons and a nerve: the flexor pollicis longus, the four flexor digitorum superficialis, the four flexor digitorum profundus as well as the median nerve.
What is the central compartment of the hand?
The Central Compartment Group of intrinsic muscles of the hand is composed of the: Adductor pollicis. Lumbricals manus. Palmar interossei.
What is compartment in anatomy?
Anatomy. Compartments are groupings of muscles, nerves, and blood vessels in your arms and legs. Covering these tissues is a tough membrane called a fascia. The role of the fascia is to keep the tissues in place, and, therefore, the fascia does not stretch or expand easily.
What is compartment syndrome of the hand?
Acute compartment syndrome is a serious condition that involves increased pressure in a muscle compartment. It can lead to muscle and nerve damage and problems with blood flow. The median nerve travels through a compartment called the carpal tunnel in the wrist.
What are the compartments of the forearm?
The forearm is the region of the body spanning from the elbow to the wrist. It consists of several muscles and an extensive neurovascular network encased in three compartments. These include the anterior compartment, posterior compartment, and the mobile wad.
What nerve is in the wrist?
The Extensor compartments of the wrist contain the extensor tendons of the hand. It is subdivided into six compartments. The Posterior Interosseous Nerve is the only nerve found in the dorsal wrist compartments. It is consistently found on the base of the fourth compartment.
Where is the brachial plexus located?
The brachial plexus is a complicated network of nerves arises from the anterior rami of the cervical spine…
Where is the extensor retinaculum located?
It is consistently found on the base of the fourth compartment. Anatomic structures within each dorsal compartments of the wrist: The extensor retinaculum provides prevent tendons bowstringing at wrist and should be repaired during surgery. 1.
What is SLAP Lesion?
What is SLAP Lesion? SLAP Lesion is the abbreviation of Superior Labrum from Anterior to Posterior tears in…
What is the most commonly injured compartment of the wrist?
The other two most commonly injured are the sixth (extensor carpi ulnaris) and second ( intersection syndrome) compartments.
What is the first compartment of a tendons?
The first compartment is the site where entrapment tendinitis, better known as De Quervain's disease, occurs. Repetitive trauma is believed to cause thickening of the tendons, which lead to movement restriction of the tendons through the compartment.
What are the extensor tendons?
Extensor tendon compartments of the wrist are anatomical tunnels on the back of the wrist that contain tendons of muscles that extend (as opposed to flex) the wrist and the digits (fingers and thumb). The extensor tendons are held in place by the extensor retinaculum.
Where are the extensor tendons located?
The extensor tendons are held in place by the extensor retinaculum. As the tendons travel over the posterior (back) ...
Can a weightlifter dislocate the 6th compartment?
The tendon of 6th compartment (extensor carpi ulnaris) can suffer recurrent dislocation due to a tear of the ulnar side of the compartment.
How many extensors are there in the wrist?
The Extensor Zone VII (wrist) contains 6 extensor compartments comprising of 6 synovial sheath lined tunnels separated from each other by fibrous sheath. These compartments contain tendons of muscles that pass from forearm to hand.
What is the mnemonic for the number of tendons passing through the compartments?
The number of tendons passinf thorugh the compartments (radial to ulnar) can be remembered using the mnemonic: 2-2-1-2-1-1.
What is the thenar compartment?
The thenar compartment contains the flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicus brevis, and the opponens pollicus. These muscles are innervated primarily by the recurrent branch of the median nerve with variable contributions of the deep branch of the ulnar nerve. 7 The thenar fascia extends from the palmar surface of the thumb metacarpal, surrounds the muscles, and inserts back onto the thumb metacarpal. 1 In 52% of cadaveric hands, a second discrete compartment is found within the thenar group. 8 The flexor pollicus brevis was found to be an isolated compartment in 38% of hands, while the abductor pollicus brevis as confined space was found in only 10% of cadaveric specimens.
What are the dorsal interossei?
The dorsal interossei are finger abductors away from the axis of the third ray, while the volar interossei adduct the fingers. 7 Both muscle groups are metacarpophalangeal joint flexors and proximal interphalangeal joint extenders. The three volar interossei are bipennate muscles that arise from the second, fourth, and fifth metacarpal, pass volar to the deep transverse metacarpal ligament, and insert onto the dorsal apparatus. The radial head of the first dorsal interossei arises from the ulnar aspect of the first metacarpal, while the ulnar head arises from the radial aspect of the second metacarpal. These tendons have a primarily bony insertion onto the base of the second proximal phalanx. The radial artery and vena comitans pass through a gap between the two origins of this muscle. The second, third, and fourth dorsal interossei originate from their adjacent metacarpals and pass volar to the deep transverse metacarpal. They insert into proximal phalanx and dorsal apparatus. The second dorsal interossei inserts onto the radial aspect of the middle finger, the third on the ulnar aspect of the middle finger, and the fourth on the ulnar aspect of the ring finger. These muscles flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and extend the proximal interphalangeal joints. The second and third dorsal interossei are responsible for the radial and ulnar deviation of the middle finger, and the first and forth abduct the index and ring fingers relative to the third ray, respectively.
What is the second interosseous group?
The second interosseous group was in separate volar and dorsal compartments in 48% of specimens. The third and fourth dorsal and volar interossei were separate compartments 67 and 38% of the time, respectively. All interossei spaces opened into the midpalmar space or the carpal canal 4 to 5% of the time. Only gold members can continue reading.
What is the largest muscle in the thenar?
The adductor pollicis is the largest and most powerful thenar muscle. 7 Its transverse head spans between the thumb and third metacarpal while its oblique head commonly originates from the third and fourth metacarpal (▶ Fig. 32.3 ). The deep branch of the ulnar nerve with the deep palmar arch and associated veins pierce a space formed between the two heads. DiFelice et al reported the adductor was a separate space in 71% of hands while 19% of the time it was combined with the first dorsal interosseous. 8 These authors found the adductor pollicus and the first dorsal interosseous space continuous with the midpalmar space in 5% of specimens. Isolated chronic compartment syndrome of the first dorsal interosseous has been reported. 9 – 11
How many compartments are there in the wrist?
In the dorsal aspect of wrist , tendons are arranged in 6 compartments.
What is the fourth compartment of the index finger?
FOURTH COMPARTMENT : Includes extensor indicis and extensor digitorum. Extensor indicis is ulnar to the extensor digitorum communis for the index finger. Extensor indices is used as a tendon graft for rupture of the extensor pollicis longus. This won’t affect the function of index finger if the tendon is taken proximal to sagittal band.This compartment has the terminal branch of posterior interosseous nerve (PIN),which supplies sensation to the wrist joint.
What is the third component of the EPL tendon?
THIRD COMPARTMENT : Includes extensor pollics longus which is ulnar to lister’s tubercle. EPL tendon can rupture due to nondisplaced distal radial fracture.Test for EPL rupture is by placing the palm flat on the table and lifting the thumb.
What is the first compartment of the pollicis?
FIRST COMPARTMENT : Includes abductor pollicis longus ,extensor pollicis brevis. At this compartment an abnormal pathology that could occur is De Quervain’s syndrome. Abductor pollicis longus may have multiple slips and extensor pollicis brevis may have its own separate compartment.
Where is intersection syndrome felt?
Intersection Syndrome : Pain is felt on top of the forearm where the two muscles that connect to the thumb (APL and EPB) cross over the underlying wrist tendons (ECRL and ECRB).
