Data standards
- DCAT-US Schema v1.1 (Project Open Data Metadata Schema)
- Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT)
- Documenting APIs
- Improving Discoverability, Usability and Governance of Priority Agency Data
- Schema.org
What is acceptable data?
Acceptable data. Acceptable data is found in aircraft maintenance documents such as manufacturer’s maintenance manuals, service bulletins and letters, advisory circular AC 43.13-1A and 2A, and ...
What does standard deviation (SD) tell about data?
Standard deviation is a number that tells us about the variability of values in a data set. That is, standard deviation tells us how data points are spread out around the mean. The formula for standard deviation takes into account the mean of the data set by calculating the square difference between each data point and the mean.
What is data quality standard?
ISO 8000 is the global standard for Data Quality and Enterprise Master Data. It describes the features and defines the requirements for standard exchange of Master Data among business partners. It establishes the concept of Portability as a requirement for Enterprise Master Data, and the concept that true Enterprise Master Data is unique to each organization. Master Data is commonly used to manage critical business information about products, services and materials, constituents, clients and cou
What are standards and specifications?
Standards and specifications are documents that describe and/or recommend a set of rules and conditions for how materials and products should be manufactured, defined, measured, or tested. Standards are used to establish minimum levels of performance and quality and optimal conditions and procedures for the purpose of ensuring compatibility of ...
What are types of data standards?
Some of the common data standards components include data type, identifiers, format, schema, or application programming interface (API).
What are the 4 data management standards?
Specifically, there are four major pillars to keep in mind for good data management: Strategy and Governance, Standards, Integration, and Quality. Most importantly, in order to be data-driven, an organization must embrace data as a corporate asset.
What are data standards in healthcare?
In the context of health care, the term data standards encompasses methods, protocols, terminologies, and specifications for the collection, exchange, storage, and retrieval of information associated with health care applications, including medical records, medications, radiological images, payment and reimbursement, ...
What are NHS data standards?
An information standard is defined in the Health and Social Care Act 2012 as: 'a document containing standards that relate to the processing of information'. Using information standards means that data can be understood across the sector, and used for planning and monitoring as well as for good patient care.
What are data standards examples?
Examples of data standards frameworks include the National Information Exchange Model (NIEM), the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI), and Schema.org.
What is data management standards?
Data standards are the rules by which data are described or documented. In order to share, exchange, and understand data, we must standardize the format of the data as well as document the metadata (specific information about the research data) both the descriptive meta data and the structural metadata.
Why do we need health data standards?
It serves as guide in the development of health information systems to meet the country's requirements and support improvements in the health systems; helps describe the state of the health information system in the country; as well as provide the roadmap for continuing growth.
What are the 4 levels of interoperability?
There are four levels of interoperability: foundational, structural, semantic, and organizational. Foundational interoperability is the ability of one IT system to send data to another IT system.
What are the 3 types of interoperability?
Essentially, interoperability allows different information systems to talk and comprehend information passed to each other. There are three main types of interoperability, which include syntactic, structural, and semantic.
How many data security standards are there?
In a nutshell, DSS requires that your organization is compliant with 12 general data security requirements that include over 200 sub-requirements.
What are the nice quality standards?
NICE quality standards describe high-priority areas for quality improvement in a defined care or service area. Each standard consists of a prioritised set of specific, concise and measurable statements.
Why is data quality important NHS?
High quality data is important to the NHS as it can lead to improvements in patient care and patient safety. Quality data plays a role in improving services and decision making, as well as being able to identify trends and patterns, draw comparisons, predict future events and outcomes, and evaluate services.
What are master data management standards?
Master data management (MDM) is a technology-enabled discipline in which business and IT work together to ensure the uniformity, accuracy, stewardship, semantic consistency and accountability of the enterprise's official shared master data assets.
What is the ISO standard for data quality?
ISO 8000 is the global standard for Data Quality and Enterprise Master Data. It describes the features and defines the requirements for standard exchange of Master Data among business partners.
What are master data standards?
Data standards set out the minimum requirements which must be met and the quality expectations in order to manage ten specific areas for the work management function.
What is the importance of data standards?
The use of data standards enables reusability of data elements and their metadata that can reduce redundancy between systems, thereby improving reliability and often reducing cost. Data standards ensure consistency in code set use by providing for the maintenance and management of permissible code sets.
help people use, exchange, & understand environmental data
EPA programs use data standards to provide consistently defined and formatted data elements and sets of data values
EPA Data Standards
EPA programs use data standards to provide consistently defined and formatted data elements and sets of data values
Why are data standards important?
Data standards are therefore crucial for ensuring interoperability and the accuracy and portability of identity data , helping protect its long-term value.
What is a code directory?
Code directories (i.e., standard codes used to abbreviate fields, such as states or provinces)
Why is it important to truncate data?
The length of data fields (e.g., how many characters you can enter for a person’s name) should be standard across database applications. If fields differ by length , it will be necessary to truncate the data in some cases, which results in loss of data and added computational complexity to define and implement rules for truncation. [Note that ICAO Doc 9303 has detailed standards for truncating names.]
How does a code directory help?
Code directories—such as standardized abbreviations or numerical codes for geographic units—help improve the efficiency of data entry and minimize data errors due to misspellings, while improving interoperability with other systems that use the same standards.
What is Table 37?
Table 37 provides some illustrative examples of different standards used by three organizations for attributes such as name and date of birth. Although the particular data standards used will vary by context, it is crucial that identity providers define and enforce an agreed-upon set of data standards by registration agents and any other users able to edit data fields. Such standards will help:
What is data standards?
The Data Standards program provides guidance on data standards revisions for Human Resources, Payroll and Training data that occur throughout the year to reflect changes in human resource programs. The changes are managed and maintained in a Meta Data Repository (MDR) system. The MDR allow changes to be quickly and efficiently communicated to all interested parties. Notification of these changes is communicated through Listserv (an email notification system) as well as documented on the data standards search page under " Recent Updates ". Subscribing to listserv and/or periodic review of the "recent updates" will ensure that you receive the most recent changes.
What is the purpose of implementation of data element standards?
Implementation of data element standards to satisfy Office of Personnel Management reporting requirements is done in consultation with the agencies to minimize implementation costs.
What is data element development?
Development. Data element standards are developed to satisfy information needs. Such development may be initiated by the Office of Personnel Management or requested by an agency by writing to: Manager, Records Management, Office of the Chief Information Officer (OCIO), Office of Personnel Management, 1900 E Street NW, Washington, DC 20415-6000. A requirements analysis is performed to determine how best to satisfy the information needs, whether the information benefits justify the data collection and processing costs, and whether new or revised data element standards are required.
How to contact OCIO about data standards?
To request information about a data element standard or to notify the OCIO of changes needed to keep a code set current (such as AGENCY/SUBELEMENT), contact the OCIO's Data Standards Manager, Maurice Wright at (202) 606-1598 or by email at [email protected] .
What is a note in a data element?
Notes: Documents important information regarding the use, reporting and/or implementation of the data element.
What is requirements analysis?
A requirements analysis is performed to determine how best to satisfy the information needs, whether the information benefits justify the data collection and processing costs , and whether new or revised data element standards are required. Implementation.
What is a text field with variable length up to n characters?
Text field with variable length up to n characters. This format can consist of letters only, a combination of letters and numbers, and/or any special character EXCEPT the vertical line (pipe character "|"). A list of the valid codes along with their name/explanation is found at the end of the data standard.
What is data standards repository?
This data standards repository website is provided to accelerate the creation and adoption of data standards across federal agencies. Here you can find information about different types of existing standards of all types (e.g., metadata, content, classification), including policies related to using voluntary consensus standards, information about standards-developing organizations and communities of practices inside and outside of government, and a catalog of data standards already in use by the Federal Government.
What is the Federal Data Strategy Action 20?
Standards, schemas, and related resources — this category will continue to be built out in response to Federal Data Strategy Action 20, which calls for a data standards repository to accelerate the creation and adoption of data standards across agencies
What is a chart of data standards?
A chart of data standards adopted by EPA. This standard provides and describes data groupings that are used to exchange documents, images, photos, GIS data layers, laboratory materials and other electronic objects attached within the data exchange, as well as information used to describe those objects.
What is a calibration standard?
This standard identifies and describes an apparatus or instrument used for sample collection, processing, analysis, etc. associated with environmental monitoring and laboratory analysis. It includes associated calibration information.
What is the EPA chemical identification standard?
This standard defines the required information for identification of chemical substances. It provides five mandatory and fifteen optional data elements for chemical substance identification. The mandatory data group includes EPA Chemical Tracking Number, Chemical Abstracts Registry Number, Chemical Substance Systematic Name, EPA Chemical Registry Name and EPA Chemical Identifier. The optional data elements provide additional identification information about a chemical substance or chemical grouping.
What is the field activity standard?
This standard provides a group of data elements that are used to exchange information about field activities. It provides information about the contacts, collection method, sample identification, collection date/time, depth/altitude, observation notes, sample characteristics, batch and shipping activities. Whenever a reference is made to "Field Activity", the "Monitoring Location" and if applicable "Project" identification must be specified to distinguish the project and monitoring location that apply to the field activity.
What is the purpose of the Latitude and Longitude coordinates standard?
This standard is a set of data elements that can be used for recording horizontal and vertical coordinates and associated metadata that define a point on the earth. It establishes the requirements for documenting latitude and longitude coordinates and related method, accuracy, and description data for all places used in data exchange transaction. Places include facilities, sites, monitoring stations, observation points, and other regulated or tracked features.
What is the monitoring location standard?
This standard identifies and describes the elements required for describing Monitoring Location information. It provides information about the identification, contacts, location, and attachments of monitoring location data.
What is a data model schema?
The DATA Act Information Model Schema (DAIMS) is the authoritative source for the terms, definitions, formats, and structures for hundreds of distinct data elements that tell the story of how federal dollars are spent.
What is the Federal Data Strategy Action 20?
Standards, schemas, and related resources — this category will continue to be built out in response to Federal Data Strategy Action 20, which calls for a data standards repository to accelerate the creation and adoption of data standards across agencies
Why Do We Need Data Standards?
- Standards make it easier to create, share, and integrate data by ensuring that the data are represented and interpreted correctly. Standards also reduce the time spent cleaning and translating data. Cleansing “dirty data” is a common barrier encountered by scientists, taking 26% of data scientists’ on-the-job time (Anaconda, 2020). For example, whe...
dataset-level Standards
- Dataset-level standards specify the scientific domain, structure, relationships, field labels, and parameter-level standards for the dataset as a whole. A dataset-level standard is normally documented with a data dictionary (link to data dictionary page). See below for examples of formal dataset-level standards: 1. Biological: Darwin Core (URL: https://dwc.tdwg.org/) 2. Climat…
Parameter-Level Standards
- Parameter-level standards define the format and units for a given parameter or field within a dataset and help users correctly interpret the values. Parameter-level standards should be adopted at the time of data collection, that is when values in a field are created or recorded. If standardization of a parameter in an existing dataset will result in any loss of original detail or in…
Data Encoding and Interface Standards
- Most dataset-level standards (see above) also offer guidance on how to encode data. Data encoding standards define the rules for structuring and organizing data for use in a given context. These standards ensure that when applications read data, the information and context is preserved (OGC, 2020a). Data encoding standards are generally associated with a file format (s…
Documenting Data Standards in Metadata
- Parameter-level and dataset-level data standards should be documented in the accompanying data dictionary and metadata record. For example, if following the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM), the dataset-level data standards can be documented in the Entity and Attribute Overview Description section of the metadata and the pa…
Where Can I Find Other Relevant Data Standards?
- In any given Federal agency, there can be multiple groups of experts that produce standards and authorities that approve them, often based on the science topic. There is no single group that establishes or recommends standards for the USGS. 1. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 2. USGS National Geospatial Program Standards and Specifications 3. Fed…
What The U.S. Geological Survey Manual Requires
- The USGS Survey Manual Chapter 502.2 - Fundamental Science Practices: Planning and Conducting Data Collection and Researchaddresses data and metadata standards: "The data collected and the techniques used by USGS scientists should conform to or reference national and international standards and protocols if they exist and when they are relevant and appropria…
References
- Anaconda, 2020, State of Data Science: Moving from Hype Toward Maturity, Anaconda, accessed March 12, 2021, at https://www.anaconda.com/state-of-data-science-2020?utm_medium=press&utm_source=anacon...
- Internet Engineering Task Force, 2021, Geographic JSON (geojson), accessed April 5, 2021 at https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/geojson/about/.
- Anaconda, 2020, State of Data Science: Moving from Hype Toward Maturity, Anaconda, accessed March 12, 2021, at https://www.anaconda.com/state-of-data-science-2020?utm_medium=press&utm_source=anacon...
- Internet Engineering Task Force, 2021, Geographic JSON (geojson), accessed April 5, 2021 at https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/geojson/about/.
- OGC, 2020a, Data Encoding Standards, accessed September 8, 2020, at http://opengeospatial.github.io/e-learning/data-encoding-standards/basic-index.html.
- OGC, 2020b, GeoTIFF Standard, accessed September 8, 2020, at https://www.ogc.org/standards/geotiff.
