Side Effects of Phosphorus
- Possible Kidney Damage. Adults between 19 and 70 years old need approximately 700 milligrams of phosphorus daily but should not have more than 4,000 milligrams from both food and supplements ...
- Mineral Interference. ...
- Increase of Disease Symptoms. ...
- Possibility of Hyperkalemia. ...
Is phosphorus harmful to the environment?
Phosphorus is essential to all living organisms and, together with nitrogen, is one of the main nutrients for animal and plant growth. However, an oversupply of nitrogen and phosphorus can modify the natural environmental balance of certain ecosystems. This is most noticeable in aquatic systems where an increase in these nutrients can lead, in some cases, to eutrophication and problems such as excessive algal growth.
What are the side effects of phosphate?
High Phosphorus Side Effects. headaches; nausea; dizziness; diarrhea; vomiting; rash; hives; shortness of breath; rapid heartbeat; swelling of the face; throat, or tongue problems; How can I control my phosphorus levels? You can maintain a normal phosphorus level by understanding your diet and phosphorus control medications.
What are the symptoms of low phosphorus levels?
Some of the tell-tale signs you might have hypophosphatemia, include:
- Muscle weakness
- Softening or weakening of bones
- Chronic depletion
- Depletion of muscles
- Issues with the blood
- Altered mental state
- Seizures
- Numbness
- Reflexive weakness
- Heart failure
What are facts about phosphorus?
Facts About Phosphorus. Phosphorus is in Period 3 and Group 15 of the periodic table. It has 15 protons, so it has the atomic number 15. This also means it is the 15th element on the periodic table.
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What are symptoms of high phosphorus?
What are the symptoms?muscle cramps or spasms.numbness and tingling around the mouth.bone and joint pain.weak bones.rash.itchy skin.
How is phosphorus harmful to humans?
Ingestion of elemental white or yellow phosphorus typically causes severe vomiting and diarrhea, which are both described as “smoking,” “luminescent,” and having a garlic-like odor. Other signs and symptoms of severe poisoning might include dysrhythmias, coma, hypotension, and death.
What problems does high phosphorus cause?
High phosphorus often does not cause symptoms itself. However, extra phosphorus in your blood can remove calcium from your bones and other parts of your body, leading to low calcium (also called hypocalcemia). Low calcium does cause symptoms, such as: Muscle cramps.
Which disease is caused by phosphorus?
Phosphorus deficiency may cause bone diseases such as rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. An improper balance of phosphorus and calcium may cause osteoporosis.
Are Bananas high in phosphorus?
The levels of phosphorus in banana fruits ranged from 31.62 to 42.45 mg 100 g−1, with differences between cultivars and fertilizer rates (Fig.
How does the body get rid of excess phosphorus?
Here are seven methods to help control high levels of phosphorus:Reduce the amount of phosphorus you eat. ... Take phosphorus binders. ... Take vitamin D. ... Take a calcimimetic medicine. ... Stay on dialysis the entire time. ... Start an exercise program approved by a doctor. ... Get an operation to remove some of the parathyroid glands.
What foods have a lot of phosphorus?
High-phosphorus foods to avoid or limit:Dairy foods.Beans.Lentils.Nuts.Bran cereals.Oatmeal.Colas and other drinks with phosphate additives.Some bottled ice tea.
Does vitamin D lower phosphorus?
With vitamin D deficiency, serum phosphorus values usually decrease because of the associated hyperparathyroidism, but hyperphosphatemia has been reported to occur when vitamin D deficiency is severe [1, 6].
What causes phosphorus poisoning?
Inhalation, skin absorption or ingestion of insecticides containing organic phosphorus may result in abrupt onset of serious illness several hours following exposure. Because of the acute onset, often at night, the patients usually are observed by the first available physician rather than by an industrial physician.
Are phosphates harmful?
Phosphate excess has been well recognized as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of mineral and bone disorders associated with chronic kidney disease, but recent investigations have also uncovered toxic effects of phosphate on the cardiovascular system and the aging process.
Is phosphorus harmful to the environment?
Too much phosphorus can cause increased growth of algae and large aquatic plants, which can result in decreased levels of dissolved oxygen– a process called eutrophication. High levels of phosphorus can also lead to algae blooms that produce algal toxins which can be harmful to human and animal health.
What foods have a lot of phosphorus?
High-phosphorus foods to avoid or limit:Dairy foods.Beans.Lentils.Nuts.Bran cereals.Oatmeal.Colas and other drinks with phosphate additives.Some bottled ice tea.
What are the side effects of low phosphorus?
Loss of appetite, anxiety, bone pain, brittle bones, stiff joints, weariness, uneven breathing, irritability, numbness, weakness, and weight shift...
What happens when you don't have enough phosphorus in your body?
A lack of phosphorus can result in loss of appetite, anemia (low red blood cell counts), muscular weakness, coordination issues, bone discomfort, s...
What happens if you are deficient in phosphorus?
In the United States, phosphorus deficiency is uncommon. Phosphorus is found in many foods including meat, dairy products, eggs, vegetables, fruits...
What happens if you eat too little phosphorus?
Some drugs, such as antacids and diuretics, can cause phosphorus levels to fall (water pills). Eating enough calcium-rich foods and taking calcium...
What causes phosphorus to drop?
It is unusual to have a phosphorus deficit. It occurs when the body's levels of this essential mineral are low. A deficit might be exacerbated by p...
What would happen if we didn't have phosphorus?
Hypophosphatemia is a condition characterized by a low phosphate content in the blood serum. Phosphorus shortage can result in bone illnesses inclu...
How much phosphorus is in the human body?
In humans, phosphorus makes up about 1 to 1.4% of fat-free mass. Of this amount, 85% is in bones and teeth, and the other 15% is distributed throughout the blood and soft tissues [ 1 ]. Many different types of foods contain phosphorus, mainly in the form of phosphates and phosphate esters [ 1 ].
What are phosphorus additives?
Phosphate additives (e.g., phosphoric acid, sodium phosphate, and sodium polyphosphate) are present in many foods, especially processed food products. These additives are used for such purposes as preserving moisture or color and enhancing and stabilizing frozen foods [ 18 ]. Foods containing these additives have an average of 67 mg more phosphorus per serving than similar foods not containing the additives, and these additives contribute to overall phosphorus intakes in the United States [ 18, 19 ].
How are calcium and phosphorus related?
Phosphorus and calcium are interrelated because hormones, such as vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH), regulate the metabolism of both minerals. In addition, phosphorus and calcium make up hydroxyapatite, the main structural component in bones and tooth enamel [ 3 ]. The combination of high phosphorus intakes with low calcium intakes increases serum PTH levels, but evidence is mixed on whether the increased hormone levels decrease bone mineral density [ 2, 4-6 ].
How much phosphorus is bioavailable?
The bioavailability of phosphate salts is approximately 70% [ 15, 24 ]. The bioavailability of other forms of phosphorus in supplements has not been determined in humans.
What is the normal phosphate level in the blood?
In adults, normal phosphate concentration in serum or plasma is 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL (0.81 to 1.45 mmol/L) [ 10 ].
What is phosphorus in the body?
Phosphorus, an essential mineral, is naturally present in many foods and available as a dietary supplement. Phosphorus is a component of bones, teeth, DNA, and RNA [ 1 ]. In the form of phospholipids, phosphorus is also a component of cell membrane structure and of the body’s key energy source, ATP. Many proteins and sugars in the body are phosphorylated. In addition, phosphorus plays key roles in regulation of gene transcription, activation of enzymes, maintenance of normal pH in extracellular fluid, and intracellular energy storage. In humans, phosphorus makes up about 1 to 1.4% of fat-free mass. Of this amount, 85% is in bones and teeth, and the other 15% is distributed throughout the blood and soft tissues [ 1 ].
Why are fortified foods important?
The federal government’s 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans notes that “Because foods provide an array of nutrients and other components that have benefits for health, nutritional needs should be met primarily through foods. … In some cases, fortified foods and dietary supplements are useful when it is not possible otherwise to meet needs for one or more nutrients (e.g., during specific life stages such as pregnancy).”
What is Phosphorus?
Phosphorus is the sixth most abundant element in the body after oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and calcium. It is the second most abundant mineral and makes up about 1% of our body weight [ 1, 2 ].
How much phosphorus does the kidney absorb?
In adults, kidneys will normally get rid of a fairly constant amount of phosphorus (> 90% ). But when the supply is low, kidneys can reabsorb phosphate very efficiently, reducing urine levels down to virtually zero. Also, when there’s phosphate overload, healthy kidneys can rid the body of any excess amounts [ 1, 2 ].
How does phosphorus affect the body?
Phosphate in the bones acts as a buffer that responds to specific imbalances. It moves in and out of bones as needed. Bone breakdown releases phosphorus, raising its blood levels. Increased bone mineralization, on the other hand, attracts phosphorus into the bones and lowers its blood levels [ 7, 2 ].
How is phosphorus broken down?
Natural or organic sources of phosphorus need to be broken down by digestive enzymes, leading to slower and less efficient absorption in the gut. The absorption ranges from 40 to 70% and is higher from animal sources (up to 70%) than from plants (up to 50%). Phytates greatly lower phosphorus bioavailability. They are found in whole grains and vegetables [ 13, 14, 7 ].
Which hormones affect phosphate levels?
Hormones that affect blood phosphate levels are [ 2, 1, 16, 12 ]: Calcitriol, or active vitamin D: promotes phosphorus absorption in the gut and increases blood phosphate levels.
Why do manufacturers add phosphates to their products?
Manufacturers add phosphates to their products to enhance appearance and shelf life. Phosphorus-based additives are used as pH stabilizers, leavening, and anti-bacterial agents. They account for about 10 – 50% of total daily phosphorus intake in the typical Westernized diet [ 8, 9 ].
What is the role of phosphorus in the diet?
Phosphorus in the Diet: The Role of Processed Food . Phosphorus is naturally ubiquitous in all foods: meat, fish, eggs, dairy, and vegetables. Milk and dairy products are the richest sources of phosphorus [ 3, 2, 2 ]. A regular Western diet provides between 1,000 and 2,000 mg/day of phosphorus.
Why does the body not absorb phosphorus?
These disorders are often the result of excreting too much phosphorus in the urine or not absorbing the mineral from foods.
How do you gain phosphorus?
You gain phosphorus through the foods you eat. If you don’t have an adequate diet or have conditions that affect your ability to store and use this mineral, you may develop a phosphorus deficiency (hypophosphatemia).
What causes phosphorus levels to fall?
Poor diets or eating disorders may contribute to a deficiency. Other medical conditions or situations that cause levels to fall include diabetes, inherited disorders, and alcoholism.
What is the condition where the bones are soft?
Osteomalacia. This condition is seen in both children and adults. It refers to the softening of the bones related to vitamin D deficiency. Again, a deficiency in vitamin D can also lead to absorption issues with phosphorus and calcium. You may have no symptoms in the early stages.
How much phosphorus is in the blood?
For most healthy adults, the range of phosphorus in the blood should be between 2.5 and 4.5 milligrams/deciliter (mg/dL).
What are the symptoms of low phosphorus levels?
Other symptoms include: anxiety. fatigue. irregular breathing. irritability. joint stiffness. numbness. weakness.
How to get phosphorus levels back to normal?
You may have an underlying condition that affects your ability to store phosphorus. Treatment of the condition and eating a healthy diet may help get your levels back to normal.
What is the role of phosphorus in plant colonization?
Thus, plant-colonizing microorganisms-the plant microbiota-are exposed to direct influence by the soil's phosphorus (P) content itself as well as to the indirect effects of soil P on the microbial niches shaped by the plant. The individual contribution of these factors to plant microbiota assembly remains unknown. To disentangle these direct and indirect effects, we planted PSR-deficient Arabidopsis mutants in a long-term managed soil P gradient and compared the composition of their shoot and root microbiota to wild-type plants across different P concentrations. PSR-deficiency had a larger effect on the composition of both bacterial and fungal plant-associated microbiota than soil P concentrations in both roots and shoots. To dissect plant-microbe interactions under variable P conditions, we conducted a microbiota reconstitution experiment. Using a 185-member bacterial synthetic community (SynCom) across a wide P concentration gradient in an agar matrix, we demonstrated a shift in the effect of bacteria on the plant from a neutral or positive interaction to a negative one, as measured by rosette size. This phenotypic shift was accompanied by changes in microbiota composition: the genus Burkholderia was specifically enriched in plant tissue under P starvation. Through a community drop-out experiment, we demonstrated that in the absence of Burkholderia from the SynCom, plant shoots accumulated higher ortophosphate (Pi) levels than shoots colonized with the full SynCom but only under Pi starvation conditions. Therefore, Pi-stressed plants are susceptible to colonization by latent opportunistic competitors found within their microbiome, thus exacerbating the plant's Pi starvation.
What is the PSR in plants?
Phosphate starvation response (PSR) in nonmycorrhizal plants comprises transcriptional reprogramming resulting in severe physiological changes to the roots and shoots and repression of plant immunity. Thus, plant-colonizing microorganisms-the plant microbiota-are exposed to direct influence by the s …
Where is the 7Carolina Center for Genome Sciences located?
7Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Unit ed States of America.
Where is the Department of Microbiology and Immunology located?
9Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Unit ed States of America.
Where is the 5 Department of Genetics?
5Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
Where is the Department of Biology at the University of North Carolina?
1Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America.
Why is phosphorus bad for the environment?
Why is Phosphorus Bad? Part 1: Environmental Impact. Nutrient pollution, also referred to as eutrophication, is a widespread environmental and economic issue. Excess nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen exist naturally in aquatic systems, but are detrimental if concentrations become elevated for several reasons.
What happens when a lake has blooms?
Excessive blooms on the surface of a lake or river can block sunlight from penetrating the water, choking out beneficial submerged aquatic vegetation.
Can municipalities develop storm water management plans?
Municipalities can develop storm water management plans and ensure that municipal wastewater discharge are in compliance with regulations to mitigate these issues. For more information, visit these EPA and Wisconsin DNR articles. Also, be sure to look for the next issue-Part 2: Economic Impacts.
Why does my phosphate level rise?
Your blood phosphate level can also rise abruptly if you receive a phosphorus-containing laxative as preparation for a colonoscopy. Other possible causes of hyperphosphatemia include: low parathyroid hormone levels (hypoparathyroidism) damage to cells. high vitamin D levels.
How to reduce risk of kidney disease?
Hyperphosphatemia is often a complication of chronic kidney disease. One way to reduce your risk is by slowing kidney damage. Protect your kidneys by treating the cause of your kidney disease. High blood pressure can weaken the blood vessels that supply oxygen-rich blood to your kidneys.
How to lower phosphate levels in kidneys?
If your kidneys are damaged, you can lower high blood phosphate levels in three ways: reduce the amount of phosphate in your diet. remove extra phosphate with dialysis. lower the amount of phosphate your intestines absorb using medication. First, limit foods that are high in phosphorus, such as: milk. red meat.
Why do kidneys remove phosphate from blood?
Your kidneys help remove extra phosphate from your body to keep the levels in balance. When your kidneys are damaged , your body can’t remove phosphate from your blood quickly enough. This can lead to chronically elevated levels of phosphate.
What are the symptoms of low calcium levels in the kidneys?
Symptoms of low calcium include: muscle cramps or spasms. numbness and tingling around the mouth. bone and joint pain. weak bones.
What does high phosphate level mean?
A high phosphate level is often a sign of kidney damage. It’s more common in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially in those with end-stage kidney disease.
What is it called when you have a high phosphate level?
Having a high level of phosphate — or phosphorus — in your blood is known as hyperphosphatemia. Phosphate is an electrolyte, which is an electrically charged substance that contains the mineral phosphorus.