Pteridophyta Classification
- Psilophyta (Psilopsida) These are the most primitive pteridophytes. They have no roots. ...
- Lycophyta (Lycopsida) The plant body has roots, stems, and leaves. They have microphyllous leaves. ...
- Arthrophyta (Sphenopsida) The plant body has roots, stems, and leaves. ...
- Filicophyta (Pteropsida) The plant body has roots, stems, and leaves. ...
What is the classification of pteridophytes?
Due to discovery of the fossil plants, the classification of Pteridophytes has undergone vast changes in the recent past. Older taxonomists divided the vascular plants in two divisions—Pteridophyta (primitive vascular plants with absence of seeds) and spermatophyta (presence of seeds).
What are the examples of Pteridophyta?
Following are the important examples of Pteridophyta: 1 Whisk Fern 2 Dicksonia 3 Selaginella 4 Lycopodium 5 Equisetum 6 Pteris 7 Dryopteris 8 Adiantum 9 Man fern 10 Silver fern More ...
What is the difference between antherozoids and pteridophytes?
Commonly known as a fern. Well-differentiated plant body with roots, stem and leaves. The sporophyte is homosporous or heterosporous. Antherozoids are multiflagellate. 1. Pteridophytes are considered as the first plants to be evolved on land:
How do Pteridophytes differ from seed-bearing plants?
Their life cycle is similar to seed-bearing plants, however, the pteridophytes differ from mosses and seed plants as both haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations are independent and free-living. The sexuality of pteridophytic gametophytes can be classified as follows:
How many classes are there in Pteridophyta?
The four classes of Pteridophyta are as follows: Psilopsida: These are considered as the most primitive forms of pteridophytes as they do not have any roots, instead root- like structures known as rhizoids are present.
What are the groups of Pteridophytes?
The three different types of pteridophytes include: Ferns. Horsetails. Lycopods or Lycophytes.
Who proposed the classification of Pteridophytes list out the classes?
ADVERTISEMENTS: In this article we will discuss about the classification of pteridophytes. The term Pteridophyta was first coined by Haeckel. Eichler (1883) divided the plant kingdom into Cryptogamia and Phanerogamia.
Which of the following is a classification of Pteridophytes?
According to Smith (1955) the classification of the pteridophytes is as follows:DivisionClass1.Psilophyta (Whisk ferns)b. Psilopsida2. Lycophyta (Club moss or Spike moss)a. Eligulopsidab. Ligulopsida3.Sphenophyta or Calamophyta (Horse tail)a. Sphenophyllopsida6 more rows
What are the 3 groups of pteridophytes?
Classes of Pteridophytes: 3 Classes | Plant KingdomPteridophytes: Class # 1. Psilopsida (Psilophytes):Pteridophytes: Class # 2. Lycopsida (Lycopods):Pteridophytes: Class # 3. Sphenopsida (Horsetails):
What are the four characteristics of pteridophytes?
The general characteristics of Pteridophytes are:They are seedless.They are multicellular.They reproduce through spores.They are independent and free-living organisms.They have a well-differentiated plant body into root, stem and leaves.
Who is the father of pteridophytes?
More than 20 years ago, Edward Klekowski (1979), who can validly be called the father of modern studies on pteridophyte genetics, published a summary and synthesis of the unique features of homosporous pteridophytes.
What are pteridophytes also called?
Pteridophytes are also called vascular cryptogams.
Which of the following is not a class of pteridophytes?
Ginkgo belongs to the division Ginkgophyta. Ginkgo is a genus of highly unusual non-flowering plants. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
What are pteridophytes give two examples?
Pteridophytes are vascular plants and have leaves (known as fronds), roots and sometimes true stems, and tree ferns have full trunks. Examples include ferns, horsetails and club-mosses. Fronds in the largest species of ferns can reach some six metres in length!
What are pteridophytes Class 11?
Pteridophyta are vascular plants that do not have any flowers or seeds which means the reproduction is hidden. They reproduce by the formation of spores. They are also called cryptogams.
What is the structure of pteridophytes?
Pteridophytes (ferns and lycophytes) are free-sporing vascular plants that have a life cycle with alternating, free-living gametophyte and sporophyte phases that are independent at maturity. The body of the sporophyte is well differentiated into roots, stem and leaves. The root system is always adventitious.
What are pteridophytes also called?
Pteridophytes are also called vascular cryptogams.
What is the common name of pteridophytes?
Pteridophytes are plants that do not have any flowers or seeds. Hence another name for it is Cryptogams. They include ferns and horsetails.
What is phylum pteridophyte?
Pteridophtyes are a phylum of plants. They are the vascular plants (those having xylem and phloem tissues) that reproduce by releasing spores rather than seeds, and they include the highly diverse true ferns and other graceful, primarily forest-dwelling plants.
Who is the father of pteridophytes?
More than 20 years ago, Edward Klekowski (1979), who can validly be called the father of modern studies on pteridophyte genetics, published a summary and synthesis of the unique features of homosporous pteridophytes.
What are the characteristics of pteridophytes?
Primary characteristics of Pteridophytes are as follows: They are seedless, vascular plants that show true alternation of generations. Furthermore, the sporophyte has true roots, stems and leaves. They reproduce by spores, which are developed in sporangia. They may be homosporous or heterosporous.
What is a pteridophyte?
Pteridophytes are vascular plants that reproduce using spores. They do not produce flowers and seeds and hence are also known as cryptogams.
Why are pteridophytes called tracheophytes?
Pteridophytes are known as tracheophytes because they consist of specialized tissues for the conduction of water and nutrients. These specialized tissues are known as xylem and phloem.
What are the leaves of a sporangia called?
Leaves that bear the sporangia are termed as sporophylls. The tip of the leaves tends to curl inwards to protect the vulnerable growing parts.
Which plant body is the diploid sporophyte?
The sporophyte generation and the gametophyte generation are observed in Pteridophytes. The diploid sporophyte is the main plant body.
What are the different parts of a plant?
They have well-differentiated plant body into root, stem and leaves.
Where are pteridophytes found?
Pteridophytes are found in moist, shady and damp places. They are found in crevices of rocks, bogs and swamps, and tropical trees.
Who classified tracheophyta?
Arthur J. Eames (1936) classified Tracheophyta into following four groups on the basis of nature and relation of leaf and stem vascular anatomy and position of sporangia: Tippo (1942) called the ‘groups’ of Eames as sub-phylum.
What are the two divisions of vascular plants?
Older taxonomists divided the vascular plants in two divisions—Pteridophyta (primitive vascular plants with absence of seeds) and spermatophyta (presence of seeds). However, this distinction became invalid due to the discovery of seed bearing fossil plants (Cycadofilicales).
What is cryptogamia divided into?
The Cryptogamia was further divided into Thallophyta. Bryophyta and Pteridophyta. Engler (1909) included the Bryophyta and Pteridophyta under Embryophyta. Due to discovery of the fossil plants, the classification of Pteridophytes has undergone vast changes in the recent past.
How many fossils are there in the Equisetum?
It is represented by one living genus Equisetum and 18 fossil forms. (ii) These Pteridophytes evolved during the Carboniferous period of the Palaeozoic era. (iii) The plant body is sporophytic and can be differentiated into root, stem and leaves.
What are the three classes of pteridophytes?
The following points highlight the three classes of Pteridophytes. The classes are: 1. Psilopsida 2. Lycopsida 3. Sphenopsida.
Which vascular plant has differentiation of roots, stems and leaves?
Primitive vascular plants which have differentiation of roots, stems and leaves. Leaves are microphyllous, i.e., do not produce a leaf gap in vascular strand of the stem. Sporophylls form sporangiferous spikes or strobili. Sporangia develop either axially or adaxially. Branching is dichotmous or pseudodichotmous. Examples: Lycopodium, Selaginella.
What is a stem sporangiophores?
Stem is jointed and ribbed with leaves and branches borne in whorls. Sporangia develop on peltate spor angiophores aggregated into terminal strobili. Plants are homosporous. Spermatozoids are multiflagellate. One living genus called Equisetum.
How are plants differentiated?
Plant body is differentiated into stem, leaves and roots. Height is from a few centimetres to several metres. Stem has two components, underground rhizome and upright aerial branches. Stems are jointed. Internodes possess longitudinal ridges or ribs and hollow interiors.
Which plant shows traits which resemble the characteristics essential for formation of seed?
Selaginella shows traits which resemble the characteristics essential for formation of seed.
Where do sporangia develop?
Sporangia develop in the axil of sporophylls. Megasporangia are larger, whitish or yellowish often lobed with 1—4 haploid megaspores. Microsporangia are smaller, yellowish-reddish globular-reniform structures which produce a large number of haploid microspores.
Is Selaginella monopodial or pseudo dichotomous?
It is monopodial pseudo dichotomous in trailing forms, e.g. S. chrysocaulos. Leaves are simple, sessile and microphyllous. Each one bears a small scale called ligule on the basal adaxial surface. Because of it, leaves of Selaginella are called liguiate.
Pteridophyta Characteristics
Life Cycle of Pteridophyta
- Pteridophytes show alternation of generations. Their life cycle is similar to seed-bearing plants, however, the pteridophytes differ from mosses and seed plants as both haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte generations are independent and free-living. The sexuality of pteridophytic gametophytescan be classified as follows: 1. Dioicous: the individual gametophyte is either a m…
Pteridophyta Examples
- Following are the important examples of Pteridophyta: 1. Whisk Fern 2. Dicksonia 3. Selaginella 4. Lycopodium 5. Equisetum 6. Pteris 7. Dryopteris 8. Adiantum 9. Man fern 10. Silver fern