APA's Ethics Code mandates that psychologists who conduct research should inform participants about:
- The purpose of the research, expected duration and procedures.
- Participants' rights to decline to participate and to withdraw from the research once it has started, as well as the anticipated consequences of doing so.
- Reasonably foreseeable factors that may influence their willingness to participate, such as potential risks, discomfort or adverse effects.
- Any prospective research benefits.
- Discuss intellectual property frankly. ...
- Be conscious of multiple roles. ...
- Follow informed-consent rules. ...
- Respect confidentiality and privacy. ...
- Tap into ethics resources.
What are the principles of the APA ethics code?
APA Ethics Code Principles and Standards. 1 Resolving Ethical Issues. This standard of the APA ethics code provides information about what psychologists should do to resolve ethical situations ... 2 Competence. 3 Human Relations. 4 Privacy and Confidentiality. 5 Advertising and Other Public Statements. More items
What are the ethical issues in research?
ETHICAL ISSUES IN RESEARCH 1. Study design and ethics approval 2. Data analysis 3. Authorship 4. Conflicts of interest 5. Redundant publication and plagiarism
What does the APA say about ethical issues in psychology?
Not all ethical issues are clear-cut, but the APA strives to offer psychologists guiding principles to help them make sound ethical choices within their profession.
What are the 10 ethical issues in public administration?
1 Resolving Ethical Issues. ... 2 Competence. ... 3 Human Relations. ... 4 Privacy and Confidentiality. ... 5 Advertising and Other Public Statements. ... 6 Record Keeping and Fees. ... 7 Education and Training. ... 8 Research and Publication. ... 9 Assessment. ... 10 Therapy. ...
What is the APA code of ethics?
What happens if a psychologist violates a standard in the APA ethics code?
What are the ethics standards for psychologists?
Why is the APA code important?
What is the first principle of APA ethics?
What is the principle of peer review?
Why is it important for a psychologist to practice within their area of expertise?
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What are the 4 major ethical issues in conducting research?
ETHICAL ISSUES IN RESEARCHStudy design and ethics approval. According to COPE, “good research should be well adjusted, well-planned, appropriately designed, and ethically approved. ... Data analysis. ... Authorship. ... Conflicts of interest. ... Redundant publication and plagiarism.
What four key issues do the APA's ethics guidelines address?
Not all ethical issues are clear-cut, but the APA strives to offer psychologists guiding principles to help them make sound ethical choices within their profession.Principle A: Beneficence and Non-maleficence. ... Principle B: Fidelity and Responsibility. ... Principle C: Integrity. ... Principle D:More items...•
What are the APA ethical guidelines quizlet?
What are the APA Ethical Guidelines for Human Research? participants must know that they are involved in research, what the research entails, and they must give their consent or permission to participate. participants cannot be coerced in any way to give consent to participate in the study.
How many ethical guidelines does the APA have?
The American Psychological Association's (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (hereinafter referred to as the Ethics Code) consists of an Introduction, a Preamble, five General Principles (A-E) and specific Ethical Standards.
What are the 4 key elements of ethics?
The Fundamental Principles of Ethics. Beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice constitute the 4 principles of ethics.
What are the 4 factors involved in business ethics?
Ethical Code of Conducts in Business. Factors Causing Unethical Conducts....The major factors that influence the level of ethics in business are as follows:Social Factors: ... Cultural Factors: ... Economic Factors: ... Political Factors:
What are the 4 needs for the business ethics?
Unethical behavior has consequences for future business. Ethical behavior includes honesty, fairness, integrity and understanding. There are several ways to encourage an ethical workplace culture, including establishing a company-wide code of ethics.
What are the four characteristics of ethical standards?
Pierce, Director of the Institute for National Security Ethics and Leadership, the most ethical organizations are the ones that are able to develop these four abilities in their employees: moral awareness, moral courage, moral reasoning and moral effectiveness.
APA’s Five General Principles of Ethics: How Do They Matter to an ...
Ethics are a vast, key topic in psychological research. What is necessarily taken into consideration in regards to ethics before conducting research is studied and then read again and again in guidelines and codes of conduct.
What is the APA Code of Ethics? - Online Psychology Degrees
Many different professions – doctors, attorneys, and teachers among them – are governed by a code of ethics. Likewise, psychologists must practice in an ethical manner to ensure the safety of their clients and deliver the best possible services to their clients.
What is the APA code of ethics?
The APA code of ethics is composed of key principles and ethical standards. The principles are intended as a guide to help inspire psychologists as they work in their profession, whether they are working in mental health, in research, or in business.
What happens if a psychologist violates a standard in the APA ethics code?
What happens if a psychologist violates a standard in the APA ethics code? After a report of unethical conduct is received, the APA may censure or reprimand the psychologist, or the individual may have his or her APA membership revoked. Complaints may also be referred to others, including state professional licensing boards.
What are the ethics standards for psychologists?
Ethical Standards. The 10 standards found in the APA ethics code are enforceable rules of conduct for psychologists working in clinical practice and academia. These standards tend to be broad in order to help guide the behavior of psychologists across a wide variety of domains and situations. They apply to areas such as education, therapy, ...
Why is the APA code important?
As Nicholas Hobbs, who served as an APA president and head of one of the committees that designed the standards explained, the purpose of the code is not to keep unscrupulous people out of trouble. It serves as an aid to help ethical psychologists make real-world decisions in their daily practice.
What is the first principle of APA ethics?
The first principle of the APA ethics code states that psychologists should strive to protect the rights and welfare of those with whom they work professionally. 2 This includes the clients they see in clinical practice, animals that are involved in research and experiments, and anyone else with whom they engage in professional interaction.
What is the principle of peer review?
This principle suggests that psychologists should participate in activities that enhance the ethical compliance and conduct of their colleagues. Serving as a mentor, taking part in peer-review, and pointing out ethical concerns or misconduct are examples of how this principle might be put into action.
Why is it important for a psychologist to practice within their area of expertise?
It is important that psychologists practice within their area of expertise. When treating clients or working with the public, psychologists must make it clear what they are trained to do as well as what they are not trained to do.
What are the issues that affect end of life care?
Issues of privacy, informed consent, access to hospitalized or residential care patients, access to medical records or inclusion in conferences with healthcare staff, competency and decision making about care , especially end-of-life care may lead to complex, ethical conflicts or concerns when treating family caregivers. This section offers information about legal and ethical issues and some approaches to supporting the caregiver dealing with such issues.
Who can a psychologist be asked to provide services to?
Psychologists may be asked to provide services to a person who has apparent diminished capacity but who is still acting as his or her own legal decision-maker. Consider the following examples:
What is a psychologist's role in a restricted caregiver?
Psychologists may also advocate for policy changes at hospitals or other institutions and at the local, state, or national levels to recognize the needs of all caregivers and care recipients. Diminished Capacity and Proxy Consent.
What is HIPAA in healthcare?
This section offers information about legal and ethical issues and some approaches to supporting the caregiver dealing with such issues. The Health Information Portability Authorization Act (HIPAA) defines the standards for protecting personal health information (PHI) when it is transmitted.
How many continuing education credits are there for psychologists?
Four (4) Continuing Education credits are now available to psychologists who read this handbook and take the online book-based exam.
Is confidentiality important in HIPAA?
Although HIPAA rules govern only a very limited set of situations related to sharing health information, confidentiality of clients' and patients' information is of utmost importance. Thus, in their efforts to protect privacy, healthcare providers are careful about how family members can access information. They may consequently be cautious or even close-mouthed if family members ask about a loved one's health conditions.
Can participants be placed at significant mental or physical risk?
participants must not be placed at significant mental or physical risk. This clause requires interpretation by the review board.
Do participants have to know they are involved in research?
participants must know that they are involved in research, what the research entails, and they must give their consent or permission to participate.
When psychologists believe that there may have been an ethical violation by another psychologist, they attempt to resolve the issue?
When psychologists believe that there may have been an ethical violation by another psychologist, they attempt to resolve the issue by bringing it to the attention of that individual, if an informal resolution appears appropriate and the intervention does not violate any confidentiality rights that may be involved. (See also Standards 1.02, Conflicts Between Ethics and Law, Regulations, or Other Governing Legal Authority , and 1.03, Conflicts Between Ethics and Organizational Demands .)
What is the development of a dynamic set of ethical standards for psychologists' work-related conduct?
The development of a dynamic set of ethical standards for psychologists' work-related conduct requires a personal commitment and lifelong effort to act ethically; to encourage et hical behavior by students, supervisees, employees, and colleagues; and to consult with others concerning ethical problems. General Principles.
What is the purpose of ethics code?
This Ethics Code is intended to provide specific standards to cover most situations encountered by psychologists. It has as its goals the welfare and protection of the individuals and groups with whom psychologists work and the education of members, students, and the public regarding ethical standards of the discipline.
What is the purpose of the modifier in ethics?
The modifiers used in some of the standards of this Ethics Code (e.g., reasonably, appropriate, potentially) are included in the standards when they would (1) allow professional judgment on the part of psychologists, (2) eliminate injustice or inequality that would occur without the modifier, (3) ensure applicability across the broad range of activities conducted by psychologists, or (4) guard against a set of rigid rules that might be quickly outdated. As used in this Ethics Code, the term reasonable means the prevailing professional judgment of psychologists engaged in similar activities in similar circumstances, given the knowledge the psychologist had or should have had at the time.
Why do psychologists exercise reasonable judgment?
Psychologists exercise reasonable judgment and take precautions to ensure that their potential biases, the boundaries of their competence, and the limitations of their expertise do not lead to or condone unjust practices.
Why do psychologists refrain from multiple relationships?
A psychologist refrains from entering into a multiple relationship if the multiple relationship could reasonably be expected to impair the psychologist's objectivity, competence, or effectiveness in performing his or her functions as a psychologist, or otherwise risks exploitation or harm to the person with whom the professional relationship exists.
When psychologists agree to provide services to a person or entity at the request of a third party, what is?
When psychologists agree to provide services to a person or entity at the request of a third party, psychologists attempt to clarify at the outset of the service the nature of the relationship with all individuals or organizations involved. This clarification includes the role of the psychologist (e.g., therapist, consultant, diagnostician, or expert witness), an identification of who is the client, the probable uses of the services provided or the information obtained, and the fact that there may be limits to confidentiality. (See also Standards 3.05, Multiple relationships , and 4.02, Discussing the Limits of Confidentiality.)
What is the basic requirement of a researcher?
To conduct research to a lower standard may constitute misconduct.”3This may appear to be a stringent criterion, but it highlights the basic requirement of a researcher is to conduct a research responsibly. To achieve this, a research protocol should be developed and adhered to. It must be carefully agreed to by all contributors and collaborators, and the precise roles of each team member should be spelled out early, including matters of authorship and publications. Research should seek to answer specific questions, rather than just collect data.
When should conflicts of interest be discussed?
Such interests, where relevant, should be discussed in the early stage of research. The researchers need to take extra effort to ensure that their conflicts of interest do not influence the methodology and outcome of the research. It would be useful to consult an independent researcher, or Ethics Committee, on this issue if in doubt. When publishing, these conflicts of interest should be declared to editors, and readers will judge for themselves whether the research findings are trustworthy.
What is the duty of a researcher?
It is the duty of the researcher to ensure that research is conducted in an ethical and responsible manner from planning to publication. Researchers and authors should familiarise themselves with these principles and follows them strictly. Any potential ethical issues in research and publication should be discussed openly within the research team. If in doubt, it is advisable to consult the respective institutional review board (IRB) for their expert opinions.
What is the authorship of a manuscript?
There is no universally agreed definition of authorship. 6It is generally agreed that an author should have made substantial contribution to the intellectual content, including conceptualising and designing the study; acquiring, analysing and interpreting the data. The author should also take responsibility to certify that the manuscript represents valid work and take public responsibility for the work. Finally, an author is usually involved in drafting or revising the manuscript, as well as approving the submitted manuscript. Data collection, editing of grammar and language, and other routine works by itself, do not deserve an authorship.
What is redundant publication?
Redundant publication occurs when two or more papers, without full cross reference, share the same hypothesis, data, discussion points, or conclusions. However, previous publication of an abstract during the proceedings of meetings does not preclude subsequent submission for publication, but full disclosure should be made at the time of submission. This is also known as self-plagiarism. In the increasing competitive environment where appointments, promotions and grant applications are strongly influenced by publication record, researchers are under intense pressure to publish, and a growing minority is seeking to bump up their CV through dishonest means.7
Why is research important in biomedical research?
In the fast-expanding field of biomedical research, this has improved the quality and quantity of life. Historically, medical doctors have been in the privileged position to carry out research, especially in clinical research which involves people. They are able to control “life and death” of patients and have free access to their confidential information. Moreover, medical researchers have also enjoyed immunity from accountability due to high public regard for science and medicine. This has resulted in some researchers conducting unethical researches. For instance, in World War II, medical doctors had conducted unethical experiments on human in the name of science, resulting in harm and even death in some cases.1More recently, the involvement of pharmaceutical industry in clinical trials have raised issues about how to safeguard patient’s care and to ensure the published research findings are objective.2
Is it acceptable to quote a sentence from a paper?
It is acceptable to quote sentences from a paper as long as they are duly referenced.
What is the APA code of ethics?
The APA code of ethics is composed of key principles and ethical standards. The principles are intended as a guide to help inspire psychologists as they work in their profession, whether they are working in mental health, in research, or in business.
What happens if a psychologist violates a standard in the APA ethics code?
What happens if a psychologist violates a standard in the APA ethics code? After a report of unethical conduct is received, the APA may censure or reprimand the psychologist, or the individual may have his or her APA membership revoked. Complaints may also be referred to others, including state professional licensing boards.
What are the ethics standards for psychologists?
Ethical Standards. The 10 standards found in the APA ethics code are enforceable rules of conduct for psychologists working in clinical practice and academia. These standards tend to be broad in order to help guide the behavior of psychologists across a wide variety of domains and situations. They apply to areas such as education, therapy, ...
Why is the APA code important?
As Nicholas Hobbs, who served as an APA president and head of one of the committees that designed the standards explained, the purpose of the code is not to keep unscrupulous people out of trouble. It serves as an aid to help ethical psychologists make real-world decisions in their daily practice.
What is the first principle of APA ethics?
The first principle of the APA ethics code states that psychologists should strive to protect the rights and welfare of those with whom they work professionally. 2 This includes the clients they see in clinical practice, animals that are involved in research and experiments, and anyone else with whom they engage in professional interaction.
What is the principle of peer review?
This principle suggests that psychologists should participate in activities that enhance the ethical compliance and conduct of their colleagues. Serving as a mentor, taking part in peer-review, and pointing out ethical concerns or misconduct are examples of how this principle might be put into action.
Why is it important for a psychologist to practice within their area of expertise?
It is important that psychologists practice within their area of expertise. When treating clients or working with the public, psychologists must make it clear what they are trained to do as well as what they are not trained to do.