High Mass Stars Cycle
- The first stage of a high mass star is a nebula. ...
- After the gases and debris are in a nebula it becomes a solid, a Main Sequence star. ...
- Once the Main Sequence star continues to grow, a Red Giant star forms. ...
- Once a Red Giant becomes too big, it explodes. ...
- A Supernova cannot survive forever, so it turns into a Black Hole. ...
- Giant Gas Cloud.
- Protostar.
- T-Tauri Phase.
- Main Sequence.
- Red Giant.
- The Fusion of Heavier Elements.
- Supernovae and Planetary Nebulae.
What is the life cycle of a high mass star?
High-mass stars usually have five stages in their life cycles. Stage 1 A star consists of two gases--hydrogen and helium. During the first life-cycle phase of a high-mass star, the hydrogen in the core burns until only helium is left. Stage 2 When the hydrogen supply in the core runs out, the core becomes unstable and contracts.
What is the final stage to a low mass star?
The final stage of this kind of low-mass star is typically a ball not much larger than Earth but with a density perhaps 50,000 times that of water. The Sun is destined to perish as a white dwarf. But, before that happens, it will evolve into a red giant, engulfing Mercury and Venus in the process.
How many stages are in a star?
Seven Main Stages of a Star Stars come in a variety of masses, and the mass determines how radiantly the star will shine and how it dies. Massive stars transform into supernovae, neutron stars and black holes while average stars like the sun, end life as a white dwarf surrounded by a disappearing planetary nebula.
How is a high mass star's life cycle?
High Mass Stars Cycle The first stage of a high mass star is a nebula. ... After the gases and debris are in a nebula it becomes a solid, a Main Sequence star. ... Once the Main Sequence star continues to grow, a Red Giant star forms. ... Once a Red Giant becomes too big, it explodes. ... A Supernova cannot survive forever, so it turns into a Black Hole. ...
How do superabundant elements in the S-type stars decay?
What are the peculiarities of A type stars?
What are the elements in manganese stars?
What causes a neutron to be ejected?
How are lightweight nuclei produced?
What happens to the iron nuclei in a high mass star?
What happens when a nucleus captures a neutron?
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What's the life cycle of a high mass star?
A massive star will undergo a supernova explosion. If the remnant of the explosion is 1.4 to about 3 times as massive as our Sun, it will become a neutron star.
What are the stages of a high mass star quizlet?
Terms in this set (7)Protostar. A star system forms when a cloud of interstellar gas collapses under gravity.Blue Main-Sequence Star. ... Red Supergiant. ... Helium-burning Supergiant. ... Multiple Shell-burning Supergiant. ... Supernova. ... Neutron Star or Black Hole.
How many stages does a high mass star have?
five stagesA star's life cycle is determined by its mass--the larger its mass, the shorter its life. High-mass stars usually have five stages in their life cycles.
What is Stage 4 of a high mass star?
Stage 4 - The star begins to release energy, stopping it from contracting even more and causes it to shine. It is now a Main Sequence Star. Stage 5 - A star of one solar mass remains in main sequence for about 10 billion years, until all of the hydrogen has fused to form helium.
What are the stages of a low mass star?
Low mass starMain Sequence. Low mass stars spend billions of years fusing hydrogen to helium in their cores via the proton-proton chain. ... Red Giant. When hydrogen fusion can no longer happen in the core, gravity begins to collapse the core again. ... Planetary Nebula. ... White Dwarf.
What 3 life cycle stages do all stars go through?
Different stages of life cycle of stars are: Giant Gas Cloud. Protostar. T-Tauri Phase.
What are the 5 stages of a star?
7 Main Stages of a StarA Giant Gas Cloud. A star begins life as a large cloud of gas. ... A Protostar Is a Baby Star. ... The T-Tauri Phase. ... Main Sequence Stars. ... Expansion into Red Giant. ... Fusion of Heavier Elements. ... Supernovae and Planetary Nebulae.
What are the 10 stages of a star?
The formation and life cycle of starsA nebula. A star forms from massive clouds of dust and gas in space, also known as a nebula. ... Protostar. As the mass falls together it gets hot. ... Main sequence star. ... Red giant star. ... White dwarf. ... Supernova. ... Neutron star or black hole.
How does a high mass star form?
Stars form within dense clouds of dust and gas located in the interstellar medium of a galaxy. Gravity causes these clouds to collapse in on themselves, with small disturbances within a cloud causing denser clumps of matter to form.
What is the 5th stage of the formation of stars?
STAGE 5: PROTOSTELLAR EVOLUTION As the protostar moves beyond stage 4, it becomes a T Tauri star, moving toward the main sequence.
What is the different life stages of a high mass star from birth to death?
stars are born in vast clouds of gas and dust. stars spend most of their lives on the main sequence fusing hydrogen gas to helium gas. stars eventually swell up to form a red giant star. stars like the Sun end their lives as planetary nebulae and white dwarfs.
What is the first stage of a star?
protostarA protostar is the earliest stage of a star's life. A star is born when the gas and dust from a nebula become so hot that nuclear fusion starts.
What are 2 characteristics of low mass stars?
Low mass stars (stars with masses less than half the mass of the Sun) are the smallest, coolest and dimmest Main Sequence stars and orange, red or brown in colour. Low mass stars use up their hydrogen fuel very slowly and consequently have long lives.
Why does the interior of an evolved high mass star have layers like an onion?
Why does the interior of an evolved high mass star have layers like an onion? Heavier atoms fuse closer to the center because the temperature and pressure are higher there.
What phase takes place after the most massive of stars is already a supernova?
Direct collapse black holes. When a star goes supernova, its core implodes, and can either become a neutron star or a black hole, depending on mass.
What is the mass of a supernova?
For a star to explode as a Type II supernova, it must be several times more massive than the sun (estimates run from eight to 15 solar masses (opens in new tab)). Like the sun, it will eventually run out of hydrogen and then helium fuel at its core. However, it will have enough mass and pressure to fuse carbon.
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What happens when a supernova explodes?
As the shock encounters material in the star's outer layers, the material is heated, fusing to form new elements and radioactive isotopes. While many of the more common elements are made through nuclear fusion in the cores of stars, it takes the unstable conditions of the supernova explosion to form many of the heavier elements. The shock wave propels this material out into space. The material that is exploded away from the star is now known as a supernova remnant.
How hot is the core of a star?
The core temperature rises to over 100 billion degrees as the iron atoms are crushed together. The repulsive force between the nuclei overcomes the force of gravity, and the core recoils out from the heart of the star in a shock wave, which we see as a supernova explosion.
What happens to the core of a low mass star?
As the core collapses, the outer layers of the star are expelled. A planetary nebula is formed by the outer layers. The core remains as a white dwarf and eventually cools to become a black dwarf.
What happens to the Sun's core when it glows?
When the hydrogen supply in the core begins to run out, and the star is no longer generating heat by nuclear fusion , the core becomes unstable and contracts.
What happens when a star is 5 times bigger than the Sun?
From Red Giant to Supernova: The Evolutionary Path of High Mass Stars. Once stars that are 5 times or more massive than our Sun reach the red giant phase , their core temperature increases as carbon atoms are formed from the fusion of helium atoms.
How does hydrogen gas spin?
Over time, the hydrogen gas in the nebula is pulled together by gravity and it begins to spin. As the gas spins faster, it heats up and becomes as a protostar. Eventually the temperature reaches 15,000,000 degrees and nuclear fusion occurs in the cloud's core.
What happens to a massive star after the red giant phase?
However, their life cycles start to differ after the red giant phase. A massive star will undergo a supernova explosion. If the remnant of the explosion is 1.4 to about 3 times as massive as our Sun, it will become a neutron star.
Why does the protostar condense?
The protostar will continue to condense because of its increasing gravity. The hydrogen atoms will start to collide and the pressure and temperature will trigger nuclear fusion. This is when the start will enter its main sequence where the outward force of nuclear fusion is balanced with its inward force. It will remain at this state until it runs out of hydrogen atoms.
What happens if a supernova is bigger than the Sun?
Two things can result from a supernova, a neutron star or a black hole. For bigger stars, the result would be a black hole. If the mass of the star was at least three times greater than our sun, then it will implode and become a black hole. If it is less, then the core would form a neutron star.
What happens when a star expands?
The expansion of the star enables the star to create heavier elements like helium which then undergoes fusion itself and becomes a source of fuel for the star. When helium slowly depletes, it pulled into the core by gravity and all that is surrounding the core will explode , making it a super nova which marks the end of a star.
What happens when hydrogen runs out?
When hydrogen stats to run out, the gravitational force will be greater than the force of nuclear fusion causing the core to shrink. Nuclear fusion then will start to occur outside the core and the star then expands into a Super giant.
How do superabundant elements in the S-type stars decay?
These in turn can decay by fission, releasing additional amounts of energy. The superabundant elements in the S-type stars come from the slow neutron process . Moreover, the observation of technetium -99 is ample evidence that these processes are at work in stars today.
What are the peculiarities of A type stars?
Finally, the peculiar A-type stars comprise a class of cosmic objects with strange elemental abundance anomalies. These might arise from mechanical effects—for example, selective radiation pressure or photospheric diffusion and element separation—rather than from nuclear effects. Some stars show enhanced silicon, others enhanced lanthanides. The so-called manganese stars show great overabundances of manganese and gallium, usually accompanied by an excess of mercury. The latter stars exhibit weak helium lines, low rotational velocities, and excess amounts of gallium, strontium, yttrium, mercury, and platinum, as well as absences of such elements as aluminum and nickel. When these types of stars are found in binaries, the two members often display differing chemical compositions. It is most difficult to envision plausible nuclear events that can account for the peculiarities of these abundances, particularly the strange isotope ratios of mercury.
What are the elements in manganese stars?
The so-called manganese stars show great overabundances of manganese and gallium, usually accompanied by an excess of mercury. The latter stars exhibit weak helium lines, low rotational velocities, and excess amounts of gallium, strontium, yttrium, mercury, and platinum, as well as absences of such elements as aluminum and nickel.
What causes a neutron to be ejected?
Presumably, they have been created in relatively rare events—e.g., one in which a quantum of hard radiation, a gamma-ray photon, causes a neutron to be ejected. In addition, no known nuclear process is capable of producing lithium, beryllium, and boron in stellar interiors.
How are lightweight nuclei produced?
These lightweight nuclei are probably produced by the breakdown, or spallation, of heavier elements, such as iron and magnesium, by high-energy particles in stellar atmospheres or in the early stages of star formation.
What happens to the iron nuclei in a high mass star?
The star then suffers a violent implosion, or collapse, after which it soon explodes as a supernova.
What happens when a nucleus captures a neutron?
When a nucleus captures a neutron, its mass increases by one atomic unit and its charge remains the same. Such a nucleus is often too heavy for its charge and might emit an electron ( beta particle) to attain a more stable state.
