- coronary heart disease.
- stroke.
- peripheral arterial disease.
- aortic disease.
What is the difference between PVD and CVD?
PVD vs CVD
- What are PVD and CVD Processes? PVD and CVD are both highly advanced thin-film coating processes. ...
- Differences between PVD and CVD There are many differences between PVD and CVD coating processes, such as their working mechanisms, operating temperatures, coating substances nature, coating coverage area, film ...
- How to Choose the Right Coating? ...
What are the four types of cardiovascular disease?
Cardiovascular disease, also known as heart disease, refers to the following 4 entities: coronary artery disease (CAD) which is also referred to as coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease (PAD), and aortic atherosclerosis.
What is the full form of CVD?
What is the full form of CVD ? This page is all about Full Form, Long Form, abbreviation, acronym and meaning of the given term CVD. CVD Stands For : carvedilol | cerebrovascular disease | chronic valvular disease | chronic venous disease | cisplatin | clinical valve dysfunction | collagen vascular disease | coronary vascular disease ...
What is the difference between CVD and HPHT diamonds?
The HPHT Diamond Growth Process
- Diamond seed is placed in a specifically designed press.
- The growth chamber is heated to 1300-1600 °C with pressures above 870,000 pounds per square inch.
- The molten metal dissolves the high purity carbon source.
- Carbon atoms precipitate on a small diamond seed crystal, and a synthetic diamond begins to grow.
What are the main types of CVD?
Types of CVDCoronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease occurs when the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle is blocked or reduced. ... Strokes and TIAs. A stroke is where the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off, which can cause brain damage and possibly death. ... Peripheral arterial disease. ... Aortic disease.
What are two types of cardiovascular?
Cardio training increases the function, capacity, and health of the heart and lungs. There are basically two types of cardio training: aerobic and anaerobic.
What are 2 diseases of the cardiovascular system?
What Are Cardiovascular Diseases?Abnormal heart rhythms, or arrhythmias.Aorta disease and Marfan syndrome.Congenital heart disease.Coronary artery disease (narrowing of the arteries)Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.Heart attack.Heart failure.Heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy)More items...•
What are the two main causes of cardiovascular disease?
A buildup of fatty plaques in your arteries (atherosclerosis) is the most common cause of coronary artery disease. Unhealthy lifestyle habits, such as a poor diet, lack of exercise, being overweight and smoking, can lead to atherosclerosis.
What CVD means?
Listen to pronunciation. (KAR-dee-oh-VAS-kyoo-ler dih-ZEEZ) A type of disease that affects the heart or blood vessels. The risk of certain cardiovascular diseases may be increased by smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, unhealthy diet, lack of exercise, and obesity.
Are CVD and CHD the same?
Cardiovascular disease, is an umbrella term covering diseases of both the heart (cardio) and blood vessels (vascular) in the body. Heart disease and coronary heart disease are cardiovascular diseases, but so are other diseases affecting blood vessels such as high blood pressure and peripheral artery disease.
What are the 6 types of cardiovascular disease?
Six types of heart diseaseCoronary artery disease or CAD. CAD is the most common form of heart disease. ... Heart attack or myocardial infarction. ... Heart failure, otherwise known as congestive heart failure. ... Heart valve disease. ... Heart muscle disease or cardiomyopathy. ... Abnormal heart rhythms or arrhythmia.
Is diabetes a CVD?
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), where the heart and blood vessels are negatively impacted, is the number one cause of death in people living with diabetes, resulting in 2/3 of deaths in people with type 2 diabetes.
What is the most common type of heart failure?
Left-sided heart failure is the most common type. Right-sided heart failure: Here the right ventricle of the heart is too weak to pump enough blood to the lungs. This causes blood to build up in the veins (the blood vessels that carry blood from the organs and tissue back to the heart).
How is CVD diagnosed?
Some common tests to diagnose cardiovascular disease include: Blood work measures substances in blood that indicate cardiovascular health, such as cholesterol and specific proteins. Electrocardiogram (EKG) records the electrical activity in your heart.
What are the 4 stages of heart disease?
There are four heart failure stages (Stage A, B, C and D). The stages range from "high risk of developing heart failure" to "advanced heart failure."...Stage CShortness of breath.Feeling tired (fatigue).Less able to exercise.Weak legs.Waking up to urinate.Swollen feet, ankles, lower legs and abdomen (edema).
What are the 3 common diseases of the circulatory system?
Circulatory System Diseases: What You Should KnowHigh blood pressure.CAD.Heart attacks.Heart failure.Strokes.Aneurism.PAD.Risk factors.More items...
How do you know if you have an underlying cardiovascular disease?
However, typical symptoms of an underlying cardiovascular issue include: pain or pressure in the chest, which may indicate angina. pain or discomfort in the arms, left shoulder, elbows, jaw, or back. shortness of breath. nausea and fatigue. lightheadedness or dizziness.
What are the conditions that affect the heart?
Diseases and conditions that affect the heart include: angina, a type of chest pain that occurs due to decreased blood flow into the heart. arrhythmia, or an irregular heartbeat or heart rhythm. congenital heart disease, in which a problem with heart function or structure is present from birth.
What is the most common cause of death in the world?
Statistics. The cardiovascular, or circulatory, system supplies the body with blood. It consists of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. CVD is now the most common cause of death. Trusted Source. worldwide. However, there are many ways to reduce the risk of developing these conditions.
What are the risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
For example, obesity is a risk factor for high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes. A person may have all four conditions at the same time.
What is the name of the disease that affects the arteries that feed the heart muscle?
coronary artery disease, which affects the arteries that feed the heart muscle. heart attack, or a sudden blockage to the heart’s blood flow and oxygen supply. heart failure, wherein the heart cannot contract or relax normally.
What is the difference between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy?
dilated cardiomyopathy, a type of heart failure, in which the heart gets larger and cannot pump blood efficiently. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, in which the heart muscle walls thicken and problems with relaxation of the muscle, blood flow, and electrical instability develop.
Is high blood pressure a risk factor for CVD?
High blood pressure is a risk factor for CVD. Researchers reported in the journal JAMA that the lifetime risk of CVD is more than 50% for both men and women. Their study paper notes that even among those with few or no cardiovascular risk factors, the risk is still higher than 30%. Risk factors for CVD include:
How many people have cardiovascular disease?
The American Heart Association reports that nearly half of all U. S. adults have some type of cardiovascular disease. The most recent report said 121.5 million adults in the U.S. – 48 percent based on 2016 figures – have cardiovascular disease. Heart disease was the No. 1 cause of death in the U.S. and stroke was No. 5, the same ranking as in the previous year. That information and a link to the report can be found here: https://www.heart.org/en/news/2019/01/31/cardiovascular-diseases-affect-nearly-half-of-american-adults-statistics-show
What is the term for the thickening and hardening of the arteries?
Arteriosclerosis is a form of cardiovascular disease that involves a thickening and hardening of the arteries. Arteries narrow from deposits of fat, cholesterol, and other substances. These deposits, called plaques, accumulate on arterial walls and can restrict blood flow. Coronary arteries, which supply the heart with blood, and cerebral arteries, which supply the brain with blood, are particularly susceptible to plaque build-up. The blockage of a coronary artery causes a heart attack and the blockage of a cerebral artery causes a stroke.
What Are Cardiovascular Diseases?
Cardiovascular diseases are conditions that affect the structures or function of your heart, such as:
Abnormal Heart Rhythms
The heart is an amazing organ. It beats in a steady, even rhythm, about 60 to 100 times each minute. That's about 100,000 times each day. Sometimes your heart gets out of rhythm. Your doctor calls an irregular or abnormal heartbeat an arrhythmia.
Aorta Disease and Marfan Syndrome
The aorta is the large artery that leaves your heart and brings oxygen-rich blood to the rest of your body. These two conditions can cause the aorta to widen or tear. This raises the chance of things like:
Cardiomyopathies
This is the term for diseases of the heart muscle. They’re sometimes simply called enlarged heart. People with these conditions have hearts that are unusually big, thick, or stiff. Their hearts can’t pump blood as well as they should. Without treatment, cardiomyopathies get worse. They can lead to heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms.
Congenital Heart Disease
This is a problem in one or more parts of the heart or blood vessels. It happens before birth.
Coronary Artery Disease
You may hear this called CAD. It’s when plaque builds up and hardens the arteries that give your heart vital oxygen and nutrients. That hardening is also called atherosclerosis.
Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
Blood clots can form in your deep veins, usually in your legs. This is deep vein thrombosis (DVT). They can break loose and travel through your bloodstream to your lungs, where they can block blood flow. This condition is called pulmonary embolism. It’s life threatening and needs immediate medical attention.
What is CVD in science?
Most modern CVD is either LPCVD or UHVCVD. Classified by physical characteristics of vapor: Aerosol assisted CVD (AACVD) – CVD in which the precursors are transported to the substrate by means of a liquid/gas aerosol, which can be generated ultrasonically.
What is CVD used for?
CVD is commonly used to deposit conformal films and augment substrate surfaces in ways that more traditional surface modification techniques are not capable of. CVD is extremely useful in the process of atomic layer deposition at depositing extremely thin layers of material. A variety of applications for such films exist. Gallium arsenide is used in some integrated circuits (ICs) and photovoltaic devices. Amorphous polysilicon is used in photovoltaic devices. Certain carbides and nitrides confer wear-resistance. Polymerization by CVD, perhaps the most versatile of all applications, allows for super-thin coatings which possess some very desirable qualities, such as lubricity, hydrophobicity and weather-resistance to name a few. The CVD of metal-organic frameworks, a class of crystalline nanoporous materials, has recently been demonstrated. Recently scaled up as an integrated cleanroom process depositing large-area substrates, the applications for these films are anticipated in gas sensing and low-k dielectrics CVD techniques are advantageous for membrane coatings as well, such as those in desalination or water treatment, as these coatings can be sufficiently uniform (conformal) and thin that they do not clog membrane pores.
How is CVD used to make diamonds?
CVD can be used to produce a synthetic diamond by creating the circumstances necessary for carbon atoms in a gas to settle on a substrate in crystalline form. CVD of diamonds has received much attention in the materials sciences because it allows many new applications that had previously been considered too expensive. CVD diamond growth typically occurs under low pressure (1–27 kPa; 0.145–3.926 psi; 7.5–203 Torr) and involves feeding varying amounts of gases into a chamber, energizing them and providing conditions for diamond growth on the substrate. The gases always include a carbon source, and typically include hydrogen as well, though the amounts used vary greatly depending on the type of diamond being grown. Energy sources include hot filament, microwave power, and arc discharges, among others. The energy source is intended to generate a plasma in which the gases are broken down and more complex chemistries occur. The actual chemical process for diamond growth is still under study and is complicated by the very wide variety of diamond growth processes used.
What gases are used in CVD?
Chamber material. Standard quartz tubing and chambers are used in CVD of graphene.
What is PECVD processing?
PECVD processing allows deposition at lower temperatures, which is often critical in the manufacture of semiconductors. The lower temperatures also allow for the deposition of organic coatings, such as plasma polymers, that have been used for nanoparticle surface functionalization.
What are some examples of catalysts?
The use of catalyst is viable in changing the physical process of graphene production. Notable examples include iron nanoparticles, nickel foam, and gallium vapor. These catalysts can either be used in situ during graphene buildup, or situated at some distance away at the deposition area.
How many people died from CVD in 2015?
As maximum number of people around the world die because of CVD, as compared to any other reasons or causes. In 2015 alone, more than 17 million people died globally because of heart disease. It accounts for 31 percent of all the deaths in the year. Out of 17 million, more than 7 million people die because of just two types ...
What is cardiovascular disease?
Cardiovascular diseases actually point to a group of diseases or disorders that affect the heart and the major blood vessels attached to it. The disease may affect just the heart, a blood vessel or sometimes both of them at the same time.
How many people die from cardiovascular disease?
Out of 17 million, more than 7 million people die because of just two types of cardiovascular disease – coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke. This article explains about some of the most common cardiovascular diseases, their symptoms, causes, and treatment options. It also delved into the categories of people who are at an increased risk ...
What is the term for the disease of the vessels that supply blood to the arms and legs?
Peripheral arterial disease: This refers to the disease of the vessels that supply blood to the arms and legs. Birth defects: Also known as congenital heart disease, this type of cardiovascular disease refers to the heart defects present at the time of birth. Heart disease treatment in India can be availed at all major hospitals.
What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder. Reduced functioning of the lung. Apart from the risk factors, the number of deaths due to cardiovascular disease and the chances of developing heart disease also differ among geographic regions and ethnic groups.
What are the symptoms of heart disease?
Light-headedness, sweating, cold sweat, nausea, and shortness of breath are the common symptoms of almost all types of heart disease. The symptoms of heart disease, however, vary from one individual to another. What one patient experiences, may not be the same as with another patient.
Is there a 50% chance of developing a heart disease?
It is estimated that both men and women with certain risk factors for cardiovascular disease have a 50 percent lifetime risk of developing a heart disease.
Arc Ion Plating & Sputtering
The main difference between arc ion plating and sputtering is that arc ion plating uses high electrical currents to vaporize the metallic material, and the metal ions are steered onto the tool for coating. Sputtering, in contrast, uses the properties of magnetic fields to direct reactive gasses to collide with a target made up of metallic material.
Application Processes of Arc Ion Plating & Sputtering
The internal pressure within the reaction chamber is dropped to form a vacuum to around 1 Pa (0.0000145 psi). Creating a vacuum is crucial as it removes any moisture and impurities, on or surrounding the tools.
Key PVD Coating Differences, Summarized
Arc ion plating and sputtering are both effective methods of applying a PVD coating. So why use one over the other? Arc ion plating has a significantly higher ionization rate than sputtering, allowing for much faster deposition rates, shortening coating times.
