Language Varieties: Accents, Dialects + More
- Accent. But surely, these words can be used to describe accent too, right? ...
- Pidgin. Another variation on language is the creation, often naturally, of pidgin languages. ...
- Creole. ...
- Patois. ...
- Vernacular. ...
- Lingua Franca. ...
- Jargon. ...
- Slang. ...
- Well now I’m confused. ...
What are the different forms of language?
What are different types of DBMS languages?
- Data Definition Language (DDL) − Create, Drop, Truncate, Rename.
- Data Manipulation language (DML) − Select, Insert, Delete, Update.
- Data Control Language (DCL) − Revoke, Grant.
- Transaction Control Language (TCL) − Rollback, Commit.
What are different factors that govern language variation?
The study thus seeks to answer the following research questions:
- How pervasive is TH variation in HKE?
- Which non-linguistic factors constrain TH variation in HKE?
- Which linguistic factors constrain TH variation in HKE?
- Do differences exist in terms of which factors constrain realization of TH as [s] or as [f] in HKE?
What are the variants and the varieties of English language?
The Trap-Bath split has a consistent yet different distribution than mainland Australia.
- South Australian English
- Western Australian English
- Torres Strait English
- Australian Chinese Vernacular English
- Victorian English
- Queensland English
- Tasmanian English. Rough terrain and long history of habitation promotes a diverse phonological situation. The Trap-Bath split has a consistent yet different distribution than mainland Australia.
What are all the types of languages?
Stack-based languages
- Beatnik
- Befunge
- Canonware Onyx
- Factor
- Forth
- Joy (all functions work on parameter stacks instead of named parameters)
- Piet
- Poplog via its implementation language POP-11
- PostScript
- RPL
Why are there variations in language?
Factors that influence it include gender, age, social class, etc. The factors that influence a speaker's or writer's choice of language vary, and they include the context that surrounds the speaker or writer, the age, gender, culture, etc.
What are the 5 variety of language?
These include pidgins, creoles, regional dialects, minority dialects and indigenized varieties. Many people think that these varieties are just incorrect ways of speaking, but they're not; they're just different!
What is the meaning of language variety?
In sociolinguistics, language variety—also called lect—is a general term for any distinctive form of a language or linguistic expression. Linguists commonly use language variety (or simply variety) as a cover term for any of the overlapping subcategories of a language, including dialect, register, jargon, and idiolect.
What are the 8 language varieties?
Defining Language VariationsStandard / Polite / Formal.Colloquial / Informal.Regional Dialect.Social Dialect.Lingua Franca.Pidgin.Creole.Vernacular.More items...•
What are the 12 types of languages?
A variety of terms distinguish the kinds of languages and vocabularies that exist outside the mainstream of standard, formal language....12 Types of LanguageArgot. ... Cant. ... Colloquial Language. ... Creole. ... Dialect. ... Jargon. ... Lingo. ... Lingua Franca.More items...
What are the 4 types of language?
Another way to describe language is in terms of the four basic language skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
What are the levels and varieties of language?
Phonetics, Phonology This is the level of sounds. ... Morphology This is the level of words and endings, to put it in simplified terms. ... Syntax This is the level of sentences. ... Semantics This is the area of meaning. ... Pragmatics The concern here is with the use of language in specific situations.
What are 3 types of language?
The three types of language are written, oral and nonverbal.
How many types of language are there?
Well, more than 7,100 languages are spoken in the world today. Each and every one of them make the world a diverse and beautiful place. Sadly, some of these languages are less widely spoken than others.
How many variants of English are there?
Even though it is impossible to estimate the exact number of dialects in the English language that are spoken around the world, it is estimated that over 160 different English dialects exist around the world.
What are the varieties of English?
The variety of English with the largest number of native speakers is American English, with 225 million native speakers. The other major varieties of English are Canadian English, Australian English, New Zealand English, South African English and Indian English.
What are the 7 types of English?
Australian English. Australian English is a major variety of the English language, used throughout Australia. ... Canadian English. Canadian English is the set of varieties of English native to Canada. ... Indian English. ... Philippine English. ... Ugandan English.
What are the 5 registers of the spoken and written language?
Language Registers range on a scale from most formal to most informal. The five levels identified have been given specialized names by Linguists; frozen, formal, consultative, casual and intimate.
What are the 6 types of style in languages?
Those types of language style are frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate style. 1. Frozen Style Frozen style or oratorical style, is the most formal style. It is usually used in situation that is very formal and has symbolic value.
How many types of language are there?
Well, more than 7,100 languages are spoken in the world today. Each and every one of them make the world a diverse and beautiful place.
What are 3 types of language?
The three types of language are written, oral and nonverbal.
What is regional dialect?
Regional dialect: A variety spoken in a particular region. Sociolect: Also known as a social dialect, a variety of language (or register) used by a socioeconomic class, a profession, an age group, or any other social group. Ethnolect: A lect spoken by a specific ethnic group.
What is an idiolect of multilingual language?
For example, if you are multilingual and can speak in different registers and styles, your idiolect comprises several languages, each with multiple registers and styles. In the end, language varieties come down to judgments, often "illogical," that are, according to Edward Finegan in "Language: Its Structure and Use":
Why do linguists prefer the term "lect"?
Due to this kind of dialectic prejudice, Suzanne Romaine, in "Language in Society," notes: "Many linguists now prefer the term variety or lect to avoid the sometimes pejorative connotations that the term ' dialect ' has.".
What is dialect prejudice?
Certain dialects have gained negative connotations in the U.S. as well as in other countries. Indeed, the term dialect prejudice refers to discrimination based on a person's dialect or way of speaking . Dialect prejudice is a type of linguicism —discrimination based on dialect.
What is a dialect?
A dialect is a regional or social variety of a language distinguished by pronunciation , grammar, and/or vocabulary. The term dialect is often used to characterize a way of speaking ...
Is there a scientific basis for linguistic study?
There is limited knowledge about and little regard for linguistic study showing that all varieties of a language display systematicity and that the elevated social position of standard varieties has no scientific linguistic basis.".
Is standard English a good language?
For some linguists, standard English is a synonym for good or correct English usage. Others use the term to refer to a specific geographical dialect of English or a dialect favored by the most powerful and prestigious social group. Varieties of language develop for a number of reasons: differences can come about for geographical reasons;
Where does language variation come from?
The first component to language variation lies within the linguistic environment at childhood. When communication forms are processed as a child grows, the variations to their language comes from their parents, their community and their own understanding of the communication forms that they are learning. It is possible, based on community and ...
What is the second component of language variation?
The second component to language variation is that of syntactic parameters. The general theory as proposed by Professor Yang of the Pennsylvania State University Language Department, is that in the study of language variation the parameters are what commonize different aspects of language.
Why is it important to study language variations?
Variations in languages are what help to establish various dialects. Even core languages themselves incorporate variations, depending on an area’s culture and direct correlation to other cultures.
Can a child's language branch off of the language that is taught to them by their parents?
It is possible, based on community and personal comprehension, that a child’s language variation can branch off of the language that is taught to them by their parents, which in turn evolves the language used as the child grows to adulthood and repeats the same process with their own offspring.
What is variation in language?
Variability is inherent in human language: a single speaker will use different linguistic forms on different occasions, and different speakers of a language will express the same meanings using different forms. Most of this variation is highly systematic: speakers of a language make choices in pronunciation, morphology, word choice, ...
What is linguistic variation?
The term linguistic variation (or simply variation) refers to regional, social, or contextual differences in the ways that a particular language is used. Variation between languages, dialects, and speakers is known as interspeaker variation. Variation within the language of a single speaker is called intraspeaker variation .
What are the choices that speakers make in a language?
Most of this variation is highly systematic: speakers of a language make choices in pronunciation, morphology, word choice, and grammar depending on a number of non-linguistic factors.
Is variation an inherent characteristic of all languages at all times?
"Variation is an inherent characteristic of all languages at all times," say Wardhaugh and Fuller, "and the patterns exhibited in this variation carry social meanings" ( An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, 2015). Dimitri Otis/Getty Images
Is alternation a sociolinguistic variation?
With linguistic variation, the alternation between elements is categorically constrained by the linguistic context in which they occur. With sociolinguistic variation, speakers can choose between elements in the same linguistic context and, hence the alternation is probabilistic.
Is language a species-specific capability?
Two senses have already been distinguished: language as a universal species-specific capability of the human race and languages as the various manifestations of that capability, as with English, French, Latin, Swahili, Malay, and so on.
Is language imprecise or superficially motivated?
In general usage, languages are necessarily imprecise, or they would lack the flexibility and infinite extensibility demanded of them.
Do two people speak the same language?
It has already been pointed out that no two persons speak exactly alike, and, within the area of all but the smallest speech communities (groups of people speaking the same language), there are subdivisions of recognizably different types of language, called dialects, that do not, however, render intercommunication impossible or markedly difficult. Because intercomprehensibility lies along a scale, the degree required for two or more forms of speech to qualify as dialects of a single language, instead of being regarded as separate languages, is not easy to quantify or to lay down in advance, and the actual cutoff point must in the last resort be arbitrary. In practice, however, the terms dialect and language can be used with reasonable agreement. One speaks of different dialects of English (Southern British English, Northern British English, Scottish English, Midwest American English, New England American English, Australian English, and so on, with, of course, many more delicately distinguished subdialects within these very general categories), but no one would speak of Welsh and English or of Irish and English as dialects of a single language, although they are spoken within the same areas and often by people living in the same villages as each other.
What is standard language?
First, standard language refers to the variety of language that is predominant and generally accepted as the most proper form.
Why is language important in different cultures?
Lesson Summary. To review, language is an important tool for communication. It must be able to evolve in order to adapt to the ever-changing needs of its speakers.
What is accent in phonology?
Third, accent refers to only phonological differences. Basically, an accent occurs when speakers sound different when speaking the same language. Most of the variations between cultures that speak the same language occur because of different accents.
What is the difference between dialect and standard language?
The standard language is the version deemed most acceptable and proper for any specific language. Dialect refers to a variety of one language that has different pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary.
What is the South dialect?
South. A third region in the United States is the South dialect, which encompasses Louisiana across to the Carolinas. Again, there are some differences even between speakers within those states, but many of their mannerisms are similar. For instance, a common trait is for the speakers to glide the vowels in words.
How can you think of culture?
You can think of culture as the ways a certain group of people choose to live. The history of the language, therefore, also reflects the history of the culture. For example, in the last 20-30 years, our society has exploded with technology. This new culture has changed how we speak.
What is the purpose of language?
Purpose of Language. You can think of language as a live entity. It moves, adapts, and evolves just like living beings and society in general. Language, no matter the culture, is a system implemented by its people for the purpose of communication. This means language must follow rules decided by its speakers.
What is linguistic variation?
Abstract. The term linguistic variation (or simply variation) refers to regional, social, or contextual differences in the ways that a particular language is used. Variation between languages, dialects, and speakers is known as interspeaker variation. Variation within the language of a single speaker is called intraspeaker variation.
What is the meaning of language?
Language is a way of communication. It is a tool for uniting people or dividing people. Language. allows people to share. Language changes, dies and it is not passive. Varieties of language: The term linguistic variation (or simply variation) refers to regional, social, or contextual.
What is regional dialect?
Regional dialect: A regional dialect is not a distinct language but a v ariety of a language spoken. in a particular area of a country. Some regional dialects have been given traditional names which. mark them out as being significantly different from standard varieties spoken in the same place.
What is a dialect?
Dialect is a complex concept, for linguists a dialect is the collection of attributes (phon etics, phonological, syntactic, morphological and semantic) that make one group of speakers noticeably. different from another group of speakers of the same language. So dialect is a variety related to. user.
What is the official language of a country?
National or official language: The official language of a country, recognized and adopted by its. government and spoken and written by majority of people in a country. National language may for. instance represent national identity of a nation or country. It brings people of a nation together and.
What is the language of a pidgin?
need to communicate but don't share a common language. • The vocabulary of a pidgin comes mainly from one particular language, called the 'lexifier'. • It is a language with no native speaker; it is no one's first language but it is a contact langua ge. • It is restricted in use; it is a reduced variety of language.
What languages are Germanic?
Other Germanic languages include Dutch, German, Icelandic, Swedish, and more. All of them arose from a single language, called Proto-Germanic by linguists, which was spoken over 2500 years ago. Proto-Germanic was never written down, but its existence and much of its vocabulary and structure can be confidently inferred from the many systematic correspondences in words and grammatical structures shared by its descendants.
What is the difference between good and bad variants?
'Good' variants are typically believed to be characterized by logical superiority or venerability, or both; 'bad' variants must then be illogical and/or recent inventions by the vulgar.
How are Latin and Germanic related?
Latin and Proto-Germanic were also related. Their ancestor, and the ancestor of many other languages of Europe, India, and points in between, was Proto-Indo-European, the parent of one of the world's most widespread language families. There are dozens or even hundreds of other language families around the world, ...
Is Basque a one language family?
There are dozens or even hundreds of other language families around the world, ranging from huge families like Niger-Congo in Africa and Indo-European to one-language families like Basque, which has no known linguistic relatives. Linguists still hope to connect many of these families, but the chances for reducing the number ...
Did the English people switch to French?
The English population never did switch to French, the language of the conquerors;
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