How do individual vertebrae articulate with each other?
Individual vertebrae articulate with each other forming the vertebral column. Identify the part of a vertebra that articulates immediately with the vertebra below it. Which of the following structures would not be found within a vertebral foramen?
What connects the articular surface of the vertebral column to the disc?
The articular surfaces are covered by hyaline cartilage, and are connected by the intervertebral disc. Two ligaments strengthen the vertebral body joints: the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments, which run the full length of the vertebral column.
What is the vertebral column composed of?
The vertebral column (spine) The vertebral column (spine or backbone) is a curved structure composed of bony vertebrae that are interconnected by cartilaginous intervertebral discs. It is part of the axial skeleton and extends from the base of the skull to the tip of the coccyx. The spinal cord runs through its center.
What are the articulations of the vertebral column F IG?
a. Articulations of the Vertebral Column F IG. 301– Median sagittal section of two lumbar vertebræ and their ligaments. I. Of the Vertebral Column. VI. Of the Cartilages of the Ribs with the Sternum, and with Each Other.
Which bones articulate with vertebral column?
Superiorly, the C1 vertebra articulates (forms a joint) with the occipital condyles of the skull. Inferiorly, C1 articulates with the C2 vertebra, and so on. Below these are the 12 thoracic vertebrae, designated T1–T12. The lower back contains the L1–L5 lumbar vertebrae.
What are the articulations of the vertebrae?
The articulations of the vertebral column consist of (1) a series of amphiarthrodial joints between the vertebral bodies, and (2) a series of diathrodial joints between the vertebral arches. 1. Articulations of Vertebral Bodies (intercentral ligaments).
What supports the vertebral column?
The supraspinous ligament is located on the posterior side of the vertebral column, where it interconnects the spinous processes of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. This strong ligament supports the vertebral column during forward bending motions.
What structure articulates with the lumbar vertebral body?
The sacrum is the complex of five fused vertebra that articulates with the fifth lumbar vertebrae. There are both dorsal and ventral foramina. The ventral portion is relatively larger.
Where does skull articulate with vertebral column?
There are two craniovertebral (synovial) joints formed between the skull and the atypical vertebrae of the cervical spine: atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial. The atlanto-occipital joints are formed between the lateral masses of the atlas (C1) and the occipital condyles of the cranium.
How are vertebrae connected?
Each vertebra is held to the others by groups of ligaments. Ligaments connect bones to bones; tendons connect muscles to bones. There are also tendons that fasten muscles to the vertebrae. The spinal column also has real joints (just like the knee or elbow or any other joints) called facet joints.
How do the vertebrae articulate with each other?
The articulating surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies attach to each other by fibrocartilaginous discs called intervertebral discs or IV discs for short, in addition to numerous ligaments. The intervertebral discs function as shock absorbers between adjacent vertebrae.
Which vertebrae do the ribs articulate with?
Each rib articulates posteriorly with two thoracic vertebrae; by the costovertebral joint. An exception to this rule is that the first rib articulates with the first thoracic vertebra only. According to their attachment to the sternum, the ribs are classified into three groups: true, false, and floating ribs.
What does the cervical vertebrae articulate with?
Below the axis, the cervical vertebrae articulate with each other anteriorly at the intervertebral disks and posteriorly at the facet joints.
How do the ribs and vertebrae articulate?
A rib articulates at the junction of the vertebral body and pedicle (superior costal facet) of its named vertebra and the vertebra above (inferior costal facet). The rib also articulates with the transverse costal facet of the transverse process of its named vertebra.
Which portion of the spinal column articulates with the pelvis?
sacrum, plural Sacra, wedge-shaped triangular bone at the base of the vertebral column, above the caudal (tail) vertebrae, or coccyx, that articulates (connects) with the pelvic girdle. In humans it is usually composed of five vertebrae, which fuse in early adulthood.
Do ribs articulate with intervertebral discs?
Within this joint, the intra-articular ligament of head of rib attaches the rib head to the intervertebral disc. Only slight gliding movements can occur at these joints, due to the close articulation of their components.
What does the cervical vertebrae articulate with?
Below the axis, the cervical vertebrae articulate with each other anteriorly at the intervertebral disks and posteriorly at the facet joints.
Which vertebrae do the ribs articulate with?
Each rib articulates posteriorly with two thoracic vertebrae; by the costovertebral joint. An exception to this rule is that the first rib articulates with the first thoracic vertebra only. According to their attachment to the sternum, the ribs are classified into three groups: true, false, and floating ribs.
What disks from a type of joint between the bodies of vertebrae?
The intervertebral discs (figs. 511, 512) are interposed between the adjacent surfaces of the bodies of the vertebra, from the axis to the sacrum, and form the chief bonds of connection between the vertebra. Their shape corresponds with that of the bodies between which they are placed.
What are the 5 sections of the spine?
As mentioned above, our vertebrae are numbered and divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, and coccyx. Did you know? Only the top 24 bones are moveable.
What are the articulations of the vertebral column?
Articulations of the Vertebral Column. The articulations of the vertebral column consist of (1) a series of amphiarthrodial joints between the vertebral bodies, and (2) a series of diathrodial joints between the vertebral arches. 1.
Which type of joint is articulated between the articular processes of the vertebr?
2. Articulations of Vertebral Arches.—The joints between the articular processes of the vertebræ belong to the arthrodial variety and are enveloped by capsules lined by synovial membranes; while the laminæ, spinous and transverse processes are connected by the following ligaments:
What are intervertebral fibrocartilages?
—The intervertebral fibrocartilages are interposed between the adjacent surfaces of the bodies of the vertebræ, from the axis to the sacrum, and form the chief bonds of connection between the vertebræ.
Why are thoracic movements restricted?
In the thoracic region, notably in its upper part, all the movements are limited in order to reduce interference with respiration to a minimum. The almost complete absence of an upward inclination of the superior articular surfaces prohibits any marked flexion, while extension is checked by the contact of the inferior articular margins with the laminæ, and the contact of the spinous processes with one another. The mechanism between the seventh cervical and the first thoracic vertebræ, which limits extension of the cervical region, will also serve to limit flexion of the thoracic region when the neck is extended. Rotation is free in the thoracic region: the superior articular processes are segments of a cylinder whose axis is in the mid-ventral line of the vertebral bodies. The direction of the articular facets would allow of free lateral flexion, but this movement is considerably limited in the upper part of the region by the resistance of the ribs and sternum.
What is the posterior longitudinal ligament?
—The posterior longitudinal ligament is situated within the vertebral canal, and extends along the posterior surfaces of the bodies of the vertebræ, from the body of the axis, where it is continuous with the membrana tectoria, to the sacrum. It is broader above than below, and thicker in the thoracic than in the cervical and lumbar regions. In the situation of the intervertebral fibrocartilages and contiguous margins of the vertebræ, where the ligament is more intimately adherent, it is broad, and in the thoracic and lumbar regions presents a series of dentations with intervening concave margins; but it is narrow and thick over the centers of the bodies, from which it is separated by the basivertebral veins. This ligament is composed of smooth, shining, longitudinal fibers, denser and more compact than those of the anterior ligament, and consists of superficial layers occupying the interval between three or four vertebræ, and deeper layers which extend between adjacent vertebræ.
Which ligament is stretched in front of the intervertebral fibrocartilages?
In flexion, or movement forward, the anterior longitudinal ligament is relaxed, and the intervertebral fibrocartilages are compressed in front; while the posterior longitudinal ligament, the ligamenta flava, and the inter- and supraspinal ligaments are stretched, as well as the posterior fibers of the intervertebral fibrocartilages. The interspaces between the laminæ are widened, and the inferior articular processes glide upward, upon the superior articular processes of the subjacent vertebræ. Flexion is the most extensive of all the movements of the vertebral column, and is freest in the lumbar region.
Which ligaments are connected to the articular processes of the vertebral arches?
Articulations of Vertebral Arches.—The joints between the articular processes of the vertebræ belong to the arthrodial variety and are enveloped by capsules lined by synovial membranes; while the laminæ, spinous and transverse processes are connected by the following ligaments: The Ligamenta Flava.
What are the two parts of the vertebrae?
No two vertebrae are identical. They vary in size and characteristics, especially from one region to the next. However, they all have the following basic structure: 1 Vertebral body - the large cylindrical part located anteriorly that gives strength to the spine. They are involved in weight bearing. Their size increases as one descends down the vertebral column. Adjacent vertebral bodies are separated by intervertebral discs. 2 Vertebral arch - the structure located posterior to the body. It consists of two pedicles and two laminae. The pedicles contain vertebral notches (superior, inferior) which form intervertebral foramina. These facilitate the passage of spinal nerves from the spinal cord. The pedicles, laminae, and body of each vertebra form a cavity (vertebral foramen). The vertebral canal is the space throughout the spinal column that is enclosed by the vertebral foramina. 3 Vertebral processes - there are seven in total all projecting from the vertebral arch: one spinous process (posteroinferior), two transverse processes (posterolateral), and four articular processes. The latter contain articular facets. The vertebral processes serve as attachment points for ligaments and back muscles. They also take part in joint formation.
What is the large cylindrical part located anteriorly that gives strength to the spine?
Vertebral body - the large cylindrical part located anteriorly that gives strength to the spine. They are involved in weight bearing. Their size increases as one descends down the vertebral column. Adjacent vertebral bodies are separated by intervertebral discs.
What is the spine of the vertebrae?
Vertebral column (spine) The vertebral column (spine or backbone) is a curved structure composed of bony vertebrae that are interconnected by cartilaginous intervertebral discs. It is part of the axial skeleton and extends from the base of the skull to the tip of the coccyx. The spinal cord runs through its center.
How many vertebrae are there in the cervical spine?
The seven cervical vertebrae form the cervical spine of the neck. They are located between the skull and the thoracic vertebrae and have the smallest and thinnest intervertebral discs. However, they are the most mobile in the entire vertebral column. In addition, cervical vertebrae have distinctive features like transverse foramina, two tubercles (anterior, posterior) and split (bifid) spinous processes. Here’s an illustration depicting the cervical spine anatomy.
How many vertebrae are there in the human body?
How many vertebrae do we have? The vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae in total, divided as follows:
How many vertebrae are in the axial skeleton?
The spinal cord runs through its center. The vertebral column is divided into five regions and consists of 33 vertebrae interlaced by strong joints and ligaments .
What is the spinal cord?
However, the spinal cord is the tubular nervous tissue that travels through the vertebral canal of the vertebral column.
Which vertebrae have passageways for vertebral arteries?
Passageway for vertebral arteries in cervical vertebrae
What are the three features of the thoracic vertebrae?
Three special features present on the thoracic vertebrae for rib articulations. head. A part of the rib that articulates with the body of the thoracic vertebrae. tubercle. A part of the rib that articulates with the transverse process of the thoracic vertebrae. Axis.
Where is the styloid process of the radius palpated?
The styloid process of the radius can be palpated proximal to the thumb.
How many bones are in the Pollex?
There are three bones in the pollex.
What is pubic symphysis palpated as?
The pubic symphysis can be palpated as a hard prominence above the genitalia.
Where are sutures found?
Sutures are found between the cranial, facial, and sacral bones.
Can mastoid be palpated?
The mastoid process cannot be palpated on a living person.
What is the lumbar vertebrae?
The lumbar vertebrae are part of the appendicular skeleton.
What is a curvature of the spine called?
Scoliosis is an accentuated lumbar curvature of the spine.
