What are the upper extremities of the body?
The Upper Extremities. They are: the arm, the forearm, and the hand. Arm The arm, also called the brachium, is the area between the shoulder and elbow. It consists of a single bone, the humerus. The humerus is the largest bone in the upper extremities. The rounded top of the humerus fits into the scapula in the shoulder girdle .
What are the three regions of the upper limb?
The upper limb is divided into three regions. These consist of the arm, located between the shoulder and elbow joints; the forearm, which is between the elbow and wrist joints; and the hand, which is located distal to the wrist. There are 30 bones in each upper limb.
What is the upper limb called?
The term upper limb is sometimes used to refer to the body's upper extremity. The term upper extremity is employed in anatomy to assist in the location and identification of body parts. The body's upper extremity includes the shoulder's clavicle and scapula as well as the parts of the arm.
Is the elbow part of the upper arm?
Elbow The elbow is another “bridge” within the upper limb that attaches the arm and the forearm. Three bones participate in the elbow joint: the humerus, the radius and the ulna. They are shaped and attached in such a way that allows the unique forearm movement of pronation and supination.
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What are the upper and lower extremities of the body?
There are countless ways that people can suffer broken bones (fractures) in their upper extremities (hand, wrist, forearm, elbow, upper arm, and shoulder) and lower extremities (hip, thigh, knee, lower leg, ankle, and foot).
What are the parts of the lower extremities?
You lower extremity is a combination of parts:hip.thigh.knee.leg.ankle.foot.toes.
What is the upper extremity of?
The part of the body that includes the arm, wrist, and hand.
Which bones form the upper extremity?
First, there's the pectoral girdle, which consists of 2 bones: the scapula, also called the shoulder blade, and the clavicle, also known as the collarbone. Then there's the arm, which only has one bone, called the humerus. Then we have the forearm, which has two bones called the radius and the ulna.
What is the lower part of the leg?
Overview. The lower leg is comprised of two bones, the tibia and the smaller fibula. The thigh bone, or femur, is the large upper leg bone that connects the lower leg bones (knee joint) to the pelvic bone (hip joint).
Is the hip part of the lower extremity?
The lower extremity refers to the part of the body from the hip to the toes. The lower extremity includes the hip, knee, and ankle joints, and the bones of the thigh, leg, and foot.
Is the chest part of the upper extremities?
The body's upper extremity includes the shoulder's clavicle and scapula as well as the parts of the arm. Altogether these parts of the body are referred to as the upper limb. The chest, neck, and other parts of the body's trunk are not considered parts of the upper extremity.
Which muscle is located in the lower extremities?
Muscles of the Lower LimbMuscleOriginInnervationsemitendinosuslower, medial surface of ischial tuberosity (common tendon with biceps femoris m.)tibial nervesoleusposterior surface of head and upper shaft of the fibula, soleal line of the tibiatibial nervesuperior gemellusischial spinenerve to the obturator internus m.57 more rows
What are the strain upper extremities examples?
Upper extremity injuries can include any injury to the hand, elbow, arm, and shoulder....A few of the common upper extremity injuries in athletes include:Flexor tendonitis.Frozen shoulder.Golfer's elbow.Tennis elbow.
How many bones are in the upper and lower limbs?
SEER Training: Appendicular Skeleton (126 bones)
How many bones are in the lower extremity?
The lower limb is divided into three regions and there are total 30 bones present in each lower limb. These are the femur, patella, tibia, fibula, 7 tarsal bones, 5 metatarsal bones and 14 phalanges.
How many bones make up the upper leg?
Four bones make up the leg: Femur. Tibia. Fibula.
How many bones are in the lower extremities?
There are 30 bones in each lower limb. These are the femur, patella, tibia, fibula, seven tarsal bones, five metatarsal bones, and 14 phalanges. The femur is the single bone of the thigh.
What are the four parts of the upper extremity and the four parts of the lower extremity of the appendicular skeleton?
APPENDICULAR SKELETON The four parts of the upper extremity are the pectoral girdle, the arm, the forearm, and the hand. The four parts of the lower extremity are the pelvic girdle, the thigh, the leg, and the foot.
What do you call the lower part of the body?
The leg is the lower extremity (limb) of the body, extending from the hip to the ankle, and including the thigh, the knee and the lower leg. The thigh is the area between the hip and the knee. The single bone in the thigh is called the femur.
What are the 6 muscles of the lower limb?
The superficial muscles are the gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris (together forming the triceps surae), while the deep layer consists of the popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus.
What are the parts of the upper extremities?
The Upper Extremities. There are three parts to each upper extremity (left and right). They are: the arm, the forearm, and the hand. Arm. The arm, also called the brachium, is the area between the shoulder and elbow. It consists of a single bone, the humerus. The humerus is the largest bone in the upper extremities.
Which part of the body connects to the humerus?
The radius connects to the humerus on the side farthest from the body while the ulna connects to the humerus on the side closest to the body. The humerus, together with the ulna, forms the elbow. The forearm is the area between the elbow and the wrist.
How many bones are there in the human hand?
Hand. The hand is made up of 27 different bones that are divided into three categories: carpus (wrist), metacarpus (palm), and phalanges (fingers). The wrist is made up of eight carpal bones that are connected to one another by ligaments. The palm is made up of five metacarpal bones that are numbered I-V, beginning at the thumb.
What is the forearm?
The forearm is the area between the elbow and the wrist. It is made up of two bones: the radius (side farthest from the body) and the ulna (side closest to the body). The ulna is the longer of the two bones, and, together with the humerus, forms the elbow. The radius contributes to movement in the wrist. Hand.
Where is the humerus located?
The humerus is the largest bone in the upper extremities. The rounded top of the humerus fits into the scapula in the shoulder girdle . The bottom portion of the humerous has two indentions where it connects to the radius and the ulna. The radius connects to the humerus on the side farthest from the body while the ulna connects to ...
How many bones are in the palm?
The palm is made up of five metacarpal bones that are numbered I-V, beginning at the thumb. The metacarpals connect to the carpals, and to the fingers of the bones. The fingers are made up of 14 bones (phalanges). Below is a diagram that shows the placement of all 27 bones in the wrist and hand.
What are the parts of the upper extremity?
The body's upper extremity includes the shoulder's clavicle and scapula as well as the parts of the arm. Altogether these parts of the body are referred to as the upper limb. The chest, neck, and other parts of the body's trunk are not considered parts of the upper extremity. The muscles and joints of the upper extremity are involved in many ...
What Does Upper Extremity Mean?
The term upper extremity is an anatomical term referring to those body parts comprising the upper limbs. Upper extremity can include the shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, and hand. The upper extremities are particularly vulnerable to repetitive motion injuries and injuries from poor posture. The term upper limb is sometimes used to refer to the body's upper extremity.
What are some examples of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders?
Examples of upper extremity or upper limb musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSDs) include carpal tunnel syndrome, rotator cuff tears, and epicondylitis (commonly called Tennis Elbow). Tasks that require awkward postures or expose employees to vibration, cold temperatures, or direct mechanical pressure may also trigger the development ...
Human Extremities
The human body has a trunk and extremities. Extremities are the parts of the body that branch off of the trunk of the body. The trunk consists of the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities.
Upper Extremity Injuries
Injuries that occur in any part of the upper extremity is classified as an upper extremity injury. There are some injuries that are more common than others. These injuries happen as a result of incidences such as car accidents, diseases, falls, and mineral deficiencies. This lesson will cover some of the most common injuries.
Lower Extremity Injuries
Any injuries that occur in the lower extremities are classified as lower extremity injuries. An injury can occur in any part of the lower extremities due to car accidents, diseases falls, and mineral deficiencies. The lower extremities can experience any of the injuries just discussed for the upper extremities.
How many bones are in the upper arm?
There are 30 bones in each upper limb. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm, and the ulna (medially) and the radius (laterally) are the paired bones of the forearm. The base of the hand contains eight bones, each called a carpal bone, and the palm of the hand is formed by five bones, each called a metacarpal bone.
What bones are in the base of the hand?
The carpal bones form the base of the hand. This can be seen in the radiograph (X-ray image) of the hand that shows the relationships of the hand bones to the skin creases of the hand (see Figure 4). Within the carpal bones, the four proximal bones are united to each other by ligaments to form a unit. Only three of these bones, the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum, contribute to the radiocarpal joint. The scaphoid and lunate bones articulate directly with the distal end of the radius, whereas the triquetrum bone articulates with a fibrocartilaginous pad that spans the radius and styloid process of the ulna. The distal end of the ulna thus does not directly articulate with any of the carpal bones.
How are the carpal bones of the hand formed?
The carpal bones are arranged in two rows, forming a proximal row of four carpal bones and a distal row of four car pal bones. The bones in the proximal row, running from the lateral (thumb) side to the medial side, are the scaphoid (“boat-shaped”), lunate (“moon-shaped”), triquetrum (“three-cornered”), and pisiform (“pea-shaped”) bones. The small, rounded pisiform bone articulates with the anterior surface of the triquetrum bone. The pisiform thus projects anteriorly, where it forms the bony bump that can be felt at the medial base of your hand. The distal bones (lateral to medial) are the trapezium (“table”), trapezoid (“resembles a table”), capitate (“head-shaped”), and hamate (“hooked bone”) bones. The hamate bone is characterized by a prominent bony extension on its anterior side called the hook of the hamate bone.
What is the joint between the humerus and elbow?
The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. It articulates with the radius and ulna bones of the forearm to form the elbow joint.
What is the ulna?
The ulna is the medial bone of the forearm. It runs parallel to the radius, which is the lateral bone of the forearm (Figure 2). The proximal end of the ulna resembles a crescent wrench with its large, C-shaped trochlear notch. This region articulates with the trochlea of the humerus as part of the elbow joint. The inferior margin of the trochlear notch is formed by a prominent lip of bone called the coronoid process of the ulna. Just below this on the anterior ulna is a roughened area called the ulnar tuberosity. To the lateral side and slightly inferior to the trochlear notch is a small, smooth area called the radial notch of the ulna. This area is the site of articulation between the proximal radius and the ulna, forming the proximal radioulnar joint. The posterior and superior portions of the proximal ulna make up the olecranon process, which forms the bony tip of the elbow.
How many metacarpal bones are there in the palm of the hand?
Metacarpal Bones. The palm of the hand contains five elongated metacarpal bones. These bones lie between the carpal bones of the wrist and the bones of the fingers and thumb (see Figure 3). The proximal end of each metacarpal bone articulates with one of the distal carpal bones.
Which bones articulate with the radius?
The scaphoid and lunate bones articulate directly with the distal end of the radius, whereas the triquetrum bone articulates with a fibrocartilaginous pad that spans the radius and styloid process of the ulna. The distal end of the ulna thus does not directly articulate with any of the carpal bones.
