what class of drug is pramlintide

Precautions

Pramlintide is an amylin analog used for the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to preprandial insulin therapy in patients without adequate glycemic control of insulin therapy. Pramlintide is a relatively new adjunct treatment for diabetes (both type 1 and 2), developed by Amylin Pharmaceuticals.

What is pramlintide used for?

(March 2010) Pramlintide (trade name Symlin) is an injectable amylin analogue drug for diabetes (both type 1 and 2), developed by Amylin Pharmaceuticals (now a wholly owned subsidiary of AstraZeneca ). Pramlintide is sold as an acetate salt.

Is Symlin the same as pramlintide?

Pramlintide is used with insulin and has been associated with an increased risk of insulin-induced severe hypoglycemia, particularly in patients with type 1 diabetes.

What are the side effects of pramlintide in Type 1 diabetes?

Pramlintide is a recombinant DNA produced polypeptide analogue of human amylin that is used in combination with insulin in the therapy of diabetes. Pramlintide has not been associated with serum enzyme elevations during therapy or with instances of clinically apparent liver injury.

Does pramlintide cause liver damage?

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Is pramlintide a GLP-1?

Pramlintide (Symlin) and exenatide (Byetta), injectable drugs that utilize the alternative hormones amylin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), respectively, have been approved for the management of diabetes.

Which drugs are GLP 1 receptor agonist?

Diabetes drugs in the GLP-1 agonists class are generally taken by a shot (injection) given daily or weekly and include:Dulaglutide (Trulicity) (weekly)Exenatide extended release (Bydureon bcise) (weekly)Exenatide (Byetta) (twice daily)Semaglutide (Ozempic) (weekly)Liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda) (daily)More items...

What is the drug pramlintide used for?

Pramlintide injection is used to treat high blood sugar in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who are also using mealtime insulin and have failed to control blood sugar levels. This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription.

What is the generic name for pramlintide?

Symlin (pramlintide) helps lower blood sugar when fast-acting or mealtime insulin isn't enough, but it can also cause dangerously low blood sugar levels. This medication is used in addition to your mealtime insulin and is also injected under the skin before major meals.

What are examples of SGLT2 inhibitors?

Medicines in the SGLT2 inhibitor class include canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin. They are available as single-ingredient products and also in combination with other diabetes medicines such as metformin.

Is metformin a GLP-1 receptor agonist?

GLP-1 receptor agonist, metformin, or a combined treatment can improve metabolic abnormalities in patients with PCOS, but the differences among groups are varied in studies. In addition, the small sample size might limit the accuracy of all the existing randomized controlled trials.

When do you administer pramlintide?

SYMLIN should be administered subcutaneously immediately prior to each major meal (≥250 kcal or containing ≥30 grams of carbohydrate). SYMLIN should be at room temperature before injecting to reduce potential injection site reactions.

What are contraindications of pramlintide?

SYMLIN is contraindicated in patients with any of the following: serious hypersensitivity reaction to SYMLIN or to any of its product components. hypoglycemia unawareness. confirmed gastroparesis.

What is the mechanism of action for pramlintide Symlin?

By mimicking the actions of the naturally occurring hormone amylin, pramlintide complements insulin by regulating the appearance of glucose into the circulation after meals via three primary mechanisms of action: slowing gastric emptying, suppressing inappropriate post-meal glucagon secretion, and increasing satiety.

Does pramlintide cause hypoglycemia?

Pramlintide does not cause hypoglycemia, but when used with insulin, it can cause insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Nausea and hypoglycemia are the most common side effects of pramlintide therapy. The nausea has been described as mild to moderate in studies and has typically dissipated after 4–8 weeks.

When was pramlintide approved by the FDA?

Approval Date: 3/16/2005.

Where do you inject pramlintide?

This medicine is given as a shot under the skin of your stomach or upper thigh. Inject pramlintide at a site that is more than 2 inches away from your insulin injection.

How many GLP-1 agonists are there?

There are currently seven GLP-1 receptor agonists that include exenatide twice-daily, exenatide extended-release (ER) once-weekly, lixisenatide once-daily, liraglutide once-daily, dulaglutide once-weekly, semaglutide once-weekly, and oral semaglutide once-daily.

Which GLP-1 agonist is best for weight loss?

Evidence supports both GLP-1 agonists liraglutide and semaglutide as effective agents for weight loss in patients with obesity without diabetes, with semaglutide data providing a more significant weight loss in clinical trials.

What are GLP-1 medications for weight loss?

Other GLP-1 receptor agonists that are FDA-approved to treat type 2 diabetes and may lead to weight loss include:Dulaglutide (Trulicity)Exenatide (Bydureon)Lixisenatide (Adlyxin)Other forms of semaglutide (Ozempic and Rybelsus)

Can you take GLP-1 with metformin?

In combination with GLP-1, metformin significantly lowers plasma glucose concentrations in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects compared with GLP-1 alone, whereas insulin responses were similar.

What is pramlintide used for?

Pramlintide is an amylin analog used for the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to preprandial insulin therapy in patients without adequate glycemic control of insulin therapy. Brand Names.

What is the amino acid of pramlintide?

Pramlintide is a 37-amino acid polypeptide that differs structurally from human amylin by the replacement of alanine, serine, and serine at positions 25, 28, and 29 respectively with proline. Pramlintide is an amlyinomimetic, a functional analog of the naturally occurring pancreatic hormone amylin.

Where is pramlintide metabolized?

Pramlintide is metabolized primarily by the kidneys.

Can pramlintide be used with acetyl sulfisoxazo?

The therapeutic efficacy of Pramlintide can be increased when used in combination with Acetyl sulfisoxazole. Acetylsalicylic acid. The risk or severity of hypoglycemia can be increased when Acetylsalicylic acid is combined with Pramlintide. Aclidinium.

Can pramlintide be used in combination with acetazolamide?

Acetazolamide. The therapeutic efficacy of Pramlintide can be increased when used in combination with Acetazolamide. Acetohexamide. The risk or severity of hypoglycemia can be increased when Acetohexamide is combined with Pramlintide.

Is pramlintide a glucoregulatory hormone?

Pramlintide is a synthetic analog of amylin, a glucoregulatory hormone that is synthesized by pancreatic β-cells and released into the bloodstream, in a similar pattern as insulin, after a meal. Like insulin, amylin is deficient in individuals with diabetes. It is provided as an acetate salt. Pramlintide is a 37-amino acid polypeptide ...

Is pramlintide a type 1 or type 2?

Pramlintide is a relatively new adjunct treatment for diabetes (both type 1 and 2) , developed by Amylin Pharmaceuticals. It is derived from amylin, a hormone that is released into the bloodstream, in a similar pattern as insulin, after a meal. Like insulin, amylin is deficient in individuals with diabetes. Type.

What is pramlintide?

WikiProject Pharmacology may be able to help recruit an expert. (March 2010) Pramlintide (trade name Symlin) is an injectable amylin analogue drug for diabetes (both type 1 and 2) , developed by Amylin Pharmaceuticals (now a wholly owned subsidiary of AstraZeneca ). Pramlintide is sold as an acetate salt.

Is pramlintide an analogue?

Pramlintide (trade name Symlin) is an injectable amylin analogue drug for diabetes (both type 1 and 2), developed by Amylin Pharmaceuticals (now a wholly owned subsidiary of AstraZeneca ). Pramlintide is sold as an acetate salt.

Does pramlintide help with satiety?

In synergy with endogenous amylin, pramlintide aids in the regulation of blood glucose by slowing gastric emptying, promoting satiety via hypothalamic receptors (different receptors than for GLP-1 ), and inhibiting inappropriate secretion of glucagon, a catabolic hormone that opposes the effects of insulin and amylin.

Is pramlintide safe for diabetics?

Pramlintide has been approved by the FDA, for use by type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients who use insulin. Pramlintide allows patients to use less insulin, lowers average blood sugar levels, and substantially reduces what otherwise would be a large unhealthy rise in blood sugar that occurs in diabetics right after eating.

Uses for Pramlintide

Treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to preprandial insulin therapy in patients without adequate glycemic control on insulin therapy.

Pramlintide Dosage and Administration

Adjust dosage of pramlintide and preprandial insulin under medical supervision. Dosing of both insulin and pramlintide should be reviewed at least once weekly until target dose is achieved, drug is well tolerated, and blood glucose concentrations are stable.

Interactions for Pramlintide

Possible decreased rate of absorption of concomitantly administered oral drugs. Administer ≥1 hour prior to or 2 hours after pramlintide injection if rapid onset of a concomitantly orally administered drug is a critical determinant of effectiveness.

Actions

An amylinomimetic agent that has physiologic actions equivalent to those of human amylin (glucoregulatory hormone synthesized by pancreatic β-cells and released with insulin in response to a meal).

Advice to Patients

Importance of adhering to diet and exercise regimen. Importance of regular monitoring (preferably self-monitoring) of blood glucose and HbA 1c.

Preparations

Excipients in commercially available drug preparations may have clinically important effects in some individuals; consult specific product labeling for details.

What is pramlintide used for?

Pramlintide is only used to treat patients whose blood sugar could not be controlled by insulin or insulin and an oral medication for diabetes. Pramlintide is in a class of medications called antihyperglycemics.

What are the side effects of pramlintide?

Pramlintide may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go away: 1 redness, swelling, bruising, or itching at the pramlintide injection site 2 loss of appetite 3 stomach pain 4 excessive tiredness 5 dizziness 6 cough 7 sore throat 8 joint pain

How long after pramlintide injection do you have hypoglycemia?

When you use insulin, there is a chance that you will experience hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). This risk may be greater during the first 3 hours after you inject pramlintide, especially if you have type 1 diabetes (condition in which the body does not produce insulin and therefore cannot control the amount of sugar in the blood).

What to do if you are allergic to pramlintide?

Ask your pharmacist or check the Medication Guide for a list of the ingredients .

What to tell your doctor about pramlintide?

Tell your doctor if you have had diabetes for a long time, if you have diabetic nerve disease, if you cannot tell when your blood sugar is low, if you needed medical treatment for hypoglycemia several times in the past 6 months, , or if you have gastroparesis (slowed movement of food from the stomach to the small intestine. Your doctor will probably tell you not to use pramlintide. Also tell your doctor if you are taking any of the following medications: angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors used to treat high blood pressure, heart disease, or diabetic kidney disease; beta blockers such as atenolol (in Tenoretic), labetalol (Trandate), metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol XL, in Dutoprol, in Lopressor HCT), nadolol (Corgard, in Corzide), and propranolol (Hemangeol, Inderal, Innopran, in Inderide); clonidine (Catapres, Duraclon, Kapvay, in Clorpres); disopyramide (Norpace); fenofibrate (Antara, Lipofen, Tricor, others); fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem, Selfemra, in Symbyax); gemfibrozil (Lopid); guanethidine (Ismelin; no longer available in U.S.); other medications for diabetes; lanreotide (Somatuline Depot); monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam, Zelapar), and tranylcypromine (Parnate); pentoxifylline (Pentoxil); propoxyphene (Darvon; no longer available in U.S.); reserpine; salicylate pain relievers such as aspirin; and sulfonamide antibiotics such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra).

Where to dispose of pramlintide?

Ask your doctor or pharmacist how to dispose of the puncture resistant container. You can inject pramlintide anywhere on your stomach or thigh. Do not inject pramlintide into your arm. Choose a different spot to inject pramlintide every day.

Can you take pramlintide before or after meals?

While you are using pramlintide, you must measure your blood sugar before and after every meal and at bedtime. You also will need to see or talk to your doctor often, and frequently change your doses of pramlintide and insulin according to your doctor's directions. Tell your doctor if you think that it will be difficult for you to do these things, if you have had difficulty checking your blood sugar or using your insulin correctly in the past, or if you find it difficult to manage your treatment after you start using pramlintide.

What is symlin used for?

Warnings and Interactions. Symlin (pramlintide injection) is a medication used to help manage type 1 diabetes as well as type 2 diabetes in people who take insulin. It is a synthetic form of amylin, a hormone produced in the pancreas along with insulin that helps to control the levels of glucose (sugar) in the bloodstream.

How does symlin help with diabetes?

Symlin works by slowing the rate at which food is emptied from the stomach, which has several benefits for people with diabetes: It prevents blood sugar levels from rising too high after meals and also prolongs the feeling of fullness after eating, which can decrease appetite and lead to weight loss.

What medications can Symlin interact with?

Symlin can interact with a wide variety of other medications, including but not limited to, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta blockers, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, fluoxetine (Prozac), aspirin, and certain antibiotics.

How many mcg is symlin?

Symlin comes as a solution in a prefilled pen-injector. There are two available devices: SymlinPen 60, which can be calibrated to deliver doses of 15 mcg, 30 mcg, 45 m cg, and 60 mc g. SymlinPen 120, which can be calibrated for 60-mcg and 120-mcg doses. The pens do not come with needles; you'll purchase those separately.

Can Symlin cause low blood sugar?

Precautions and Contraindications. In some people, especially those with type 1 diabetes, Symlin can cause blood sugar levels to fall dangerously low—a condition called hypoglycemia. This is most likely to happen within three hours of taking it.

Can you take Symlin with insulin?

Your doctor may prescribe Symlin for you if insulin alone (or, if you have type 2 diabetes, insulin plus an oral diabetes drug) isn't adequately controlling your blood glucose. Goal levels for blood glucose vary from person to person. 1 

Is Symlin a supplemental insulin?

Symlin is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to work alongside supplemental insulin in adults. It's prescribed for people for whom taking insulin falls to adequately control blood glucose levels.

What is pramlintide used for?

Pramlintide is a recombinant DNA produced polypeptide analogue of human amylin that is used in combination with insulin in the therapy of diabetes. Pramlintide has not been associated with serum enzyme elevations during therapy or with instances of clinically apparent liver injury.

Is pramlintide safe for breast milk?

Pramlintide has a high molecular weight, so it is unlikely to pass into breastmilk in clinically important amounts. It also has a short half-life and it is a peptide that is likely digested in the infant's gastrointestinal tract, so it is unlikely to reach the clinically important levels in infant serum.

Does pramlintide slow down digestion?

By mimicking amylin, pramlintide slows gastric emptying, inhibits digestive secretions (gastric acid, pancreatic enzymes, and bile), reduces glucagon secretion, and increases satiety; all of these actions are mediated mostly by glucose -sensitive areas in the brain stem.

Does pramlintide cause hypoglycemia?

The use of pramlintide may cause an increased risk of insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Pramlintide is a recombinant DNA produced polypeptide analogue of human amylin that is used in combination with insulin in the therapy of diabetes.

Pramlintide (Symlin) - Class, MOA, Dose, Side effects

Pramlintide (Symlin) is a parenteral medicine (available as a subQ injection) used in the management of hyperglycemia in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with insulin or other drugs.

Pramlintide Uses (indications)

Diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2): It is used as an adjunct treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus Type 1 or Type 2 who fail to achieve their desired post-prandial glucose targets despite optimal insulin therapy.

Pregnancy Risk Factor C

Although it has a low chance of crossing the placental barrier (although adverse fetal outcomes were observed in animal reproduction studies),

Pramlintide Dose in Kidney disease

CrCl >=15 ml/minute It is not necessary to adjust the dose. End-stage renal disease (ESRD): The manufacturer has not suggested any changes to the dosage.

Pramlintide Dose in Liver disease

The manufacturer has not suggested any changes in the dose (it was not studied in patients suffering from liver disease). Dose adjustment is not necessary, however, as it is metabolized in the kidneys. [/bg_collapse] [bg_collapse view="button-blue" color="#f7f2f2" icon="arrow" expand_text="Side effects" collapse_text="Side effects" ]

Contraindications to Pramlintide

Any component of the drug or formulation can cause serious allergic reactions. Patients suffering from gastroparesis diagnosed Hypoglycemic unawareness: Warnings and precautions Allergy reactions: It is possible to experience allergic reactions at the injection site.

How to administer Pramlintide?

SubQ injections are administered in the same way as insulin to the abdomen or anterior legs. Variable absorption should be avoided when administering it to the arms. Rotating injection sites is a good idea. It should not be combined with insulin, and should be administered at locations distinct from the insulin injection site.

How to use pramlintide?

HOW TO USE: Read the Medication Guide provided by your pharmacist before you start using pramlintide and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, consult your doctor or pharmacist.Inject this medication under the skin of the thigh or abdomen just before each main meal. Do not use pramlintide if your blood sugar is too low, if you are planning to eat a small meal (less than 250 calories or 30 grams of carbohydrate), or if you are skipping a meal.The liquid in the pre-filled injector is stronger than the liquid in the vial. Make sure you are using the correct product. Do not switch between products unless directed by your doctor.Make sure you learn from your health care professional how to measure your dose and inject this drug. Always use a new needle for each injection. Consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions. If you are storing this drug in the refrigerator, remove it and allow it to come to room temperature before injecting. Before using, check this product visually for particles or discoloration. If either is present, do not use the liquid. Before injecting each dose, clean the injection site with rubbing alcohol. It is important to change the location of the injection site daily to avoid problems under the skin. Never mix pramlintide and insulin in the same syringe or at the same injection site. Inject pramlintide in an area that is at least 2 inches (5 centimeters) away from your insulin injection site.Your dosage is based on your medical condition, use of other medications, and response to treatment. To reduce the risk of nausea, your doctor may direct you to start at a low dose of pramlintide and gradually increase the dose. Your doctor may also direct you to lower your insulin dose and to check you blood sugar more often. Do not change your dosage without consulting your doctor. Use this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it.Do not share your pen device with another person, even if the needle is changed. You may give other people a serious infection, or get a serious infection from them. Learn how to store and discard medical supplies safely.

How does pramlintide work?

Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke.Pramlintide acts like a certain natural substance called amyrin, which lowers blood sugar. This drug works by slowing the movement of food through your stomach. It also decreases your appetite and the amount of sugar your liver makes. Pramlintide does not replace insulin, but it may lower the amount of insulin you need.

How long does it take for pramlintide to show up?

When severe hypoglycemia associated with pramlintide use occurs, it is seen within 3 hours following injection. If severe hypoglycemia occurs while operating a motor vehicle or heavy machinery, or while engaging in other high-risk activities, serious injuries may occur.

What to know before taking pramlintide?

PRECAUTIONS: Before using pramlintide, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients (such as the preservative metacresol), which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.This medication should not be used if you have certain medical conditions. Before using this medication, consult your doctor or pharmacist if you have: stomach/intestinal disorders (for example, digestion problems such as gastroparesis).This medication should not be used by people who are unable to tell when they have symptoms of low blood sugar (e.g., children).Before using pramlintide, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: attacks of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) that required treatment.You may experience blurred vision, dizziness, or drowsiness due to extremely low or high blood sugar. Do not drive, use machinery, or do any activity that requires alertness or clear vision until you are sure you can perform such activities safely. Limit alcoholic beverages because alcohol can affect your blood sugar.It may be harder to control your blood sugar when your body is stressed (e.g., due to fever, infection, injury, or surgery). Consult your doctor because this may require a change in your treatment plan, medications, or blood sugar testing.During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.It is not known if pramlintide passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

Does Atazanavir decrease pramlintide?

Monitor Closely (1) atazanavir decreases effects of pramlintide by Other (see comment). Use Caution/Monitor. Comment: Reports of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance with protease inhibitors. .

Does pramlintide cause hypoglycemia?

Risk of severe insulin-induced hypoglycemia; pramlintide alone does not cause hypoglycemia; however, since it is indicated to be coadministered with mealtime insulin therapy, and in this setting there is an increased risk of severe hypoglycemia

Can you mix pramlintide with insulin?

Do not mix with insulin - administer the two separately. Slows gastric emptying, which may delay the absorption of concomitantly administered oral medications; administer the concomitant oral medication at least 1 hr prior or 2 hr after pramlintide.

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• Summary
  1. Pramlintideis an amylin analog used for the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to preprandial insulin therapy in patients without adequate glycemic control of insulin therapy.
• Brand Names
  1. Symlin

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Uses For Pramlintide

Pramlintide Dosage and Administration

Cautions For Pramlintide

Interactions For Pramlintide

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• Diabetes Mellitus
  Treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitusas an adjunct to preprandial insulin therapy in patients without adequate glycemic control on insulin therapy. Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitusas an adjunct to preprandial insulin therapy with or without concomitant metformin and/or a sulfonylure…

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• Pramlintide is used with mealtime insulin to control blood sugar levels in people who have diabetes. Pramlintide is only used to treat patients whose blood sugar could not be controlled by insulin or insulin and an oral medication for diabetes. Pramlintide is in a class of medications called antihyperglycemics. It works by slowing the movement of f...

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