What was the Rea and why was it created?
President Roosevelt created the REA on May 11, 1935 with Executive Order No. 7037, under powers granted by the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 [1]. The goal of the REA was to bring electricity to America’s rural areas.
What does the Rea do for rural America?
However, with private power companies unenthusiastic about the idea of extending their power lines across rural America at affordable rates, the REA quickly developed into an agency that made loans to state and local governments so that rural areas could develop their own electric power supply [3].
How did the Rea help during the Great Depression?
The REA was one component of a relief package that was constructed to help stimulate the rural economy, which was still suffering enormously during the Great Depression. A year later, on May 20, 1936, Congress passed the REA, which granted long-term funding to the project.
When did the rea become Rus?
This amendment passed in 1949. The REA and its amendment is no longer in existence. In 1994, the United States Department of Agriculture went through a reorganization. The Rural Electrical Act became the Rural Utilities Services Act (RUS).
Was the REA successful?
Despite early obstacles, the REA program was ultimately highly successful. Whereas private power companies had originally suggested prices of $1,500 to $2,000 for each mile of power line constructed, “By 1939, REA borrowers were building lines for an average of less than $825 per mile, including overhead” [5].
What was the result of the Rural Electrification Act?
This law allowed the federal government to make low-cost loans to farmers who had banded together to create non-profit cooperatives for the purpose of bringing electricity to rural America.
Was the REA new deal successful?
Roosevelt's New Deal—a series of programs, public works projects, financial reforms, and regulations that went into effect between 1933 and 1939 to address the economic hardship of the Great Depression. Overall, the program begun under the Rural Electrification Act was a striking success.
How did the REA help Georgia?
By June 1939 the REA had helped to establish 417 electrical cooperatives serving 268,000 households, increasing the number of electrified rural homes in the nation to 25 percent. At least 33 of these cooperatives were in Georgia.
What was the impact of electrification?
Rural electrification led to a short-run expansion in the agricultural sector and brought large benefits to rural areas. Early access to electricity led to long-run growth that persisted decades after the country was fully electrified.
Why rural electrification is important?
Rural electrification is often considered to be the backbone of the rural economy. Rural energy needs include energy for a) Cooking b) Basic lighting c) Irrigation d) Communication e) Water heating f) Cottage industry and so on.
Was Rea relief recovery or reform?
RURAL ELECTRIFICATION ADMINISTRATION (Reform) Before the New Deal, only 10 percent of the country outside cities and towns had electricity. The REA (1935) gave low-cost loans to farm cooperatives to bring power into their communities.
Why was the REA created?
The REA was created to bring electricity to farms. In 1936, nearly 90 percent of farms lacked electric power because the costs to get electricity to rural areas were prohibitive.
Who did the REA lend money to?
69). The R.E.A. was essentially a government-financing agency providing subsidized loans to private companies, public agencies, or cooperatives for the construction of electrical supply infrastructure in rural regions.
Why was the REA so important to rural Georgians?
The primary function of the REA was to provide loans to power companies that would use the new funds to extend lines into rural America.
What was the impact of the Rural Electrification Administration?
The REA loans contributed significantly to increases in crop output and crop productivity and helped stave off declines in overall farm output, productivity, and land values, but they had much smaller effects on nonagricultural parts of the economy.
How did rural electrification help Georgia?
The Rural Electrification Administration was created under the New Deal. It provided low-cost loans to groups of people (“cooperatives”). The people paid back the loans in their electric bills. A dramatic change accompanied this; electricity saved labor, increased production, and improved the quality of life.
What was the impact of the Rural Electrification Administration?
The REA loans contributed significantly to increases in crop output and crop productivity and helped stave off declines in overall farm output, productivity, and land values, but they had much smaller effects on nonagricultural parts of the economy.
How successful was the Rural Electrification Administration?
Rural electrification became one of the most successful government programs ever enacted. Within 2 years it helped bring electricity to some 1.5 million farms through 350 rural cooperatives in 45 of the 48 states. By 1939 the cost of a mile of rural line had dropped from $2,000 to $600.
How did electrification affect life in America during the 1920s?
Electricity was also vital in the development of popular entertainment during the 1920s. It powered the new cinemas, speakeasies and sports stadia. It was also needed for the millions of radios in use across America. The consumption of electricity doubled in the decade.
How did rural electrification affect society during the Great Depression?
By 1932 only about 10% of rural America was electrified, and about half of those people had to buy their own country-home power plants. This electrical divide fueled the difference in standards of living between city and farm, hampering rural Americans' ability to participate in the life of their modernizing country.
How did the REA help rural areas?
The REA attempted to fix this problem by providing low-cost loans to groups of farmers living in roughly the same geographic area. Each group could then form an electric “cooperative,” or a type of company that is owned and operated jointly by multiple people for their own benefit. Using the government loan, the cooperative would contribute to the construction of power lines and other electrical infrastructure and pay for the electricity that members used.
What is REA in electricity?
Electric Cooperatives. The Rural Electrification Act (REA) is a law that was passed by the U.S. Congress in May 1936. It was a congressional endorsement of the Rural Electrification Administration, which U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt created by executive order in May 1935 as part of his New Deal, during the Great Depression.
Who opposed the REA?
Although Georgia governor Eugene Talmadge initially opposed the REA and other New Deal programs, opposition to his policies coalesced in 1936, after he vetoed measures that would have allowed Georgia to participate in newly created social security programs.
What was the purpose of the REA?
The REA was one component of a relief package that was constructed to help stimulate the rural economy, which was still suffering enormously during the Great Depression. A year later, on May 20, 1936, Congress passed the REA, which granted long-term funding to the project. Additionally the REA grated the president permission to appoint an ...
What was the need for the REA?
The need for the REA was indisputable. In 1935, only about ten percent of rural America had electrical power. Without power, farmers were unable to update their equipment and facilities to modern, faster, more efficient methods. The lack of electricity also had ramifications on a personal level for country people.
Why was the REA important to the farming collectives?
The low-cost loans were perhaps the most important thing in moving electrification forward. Because the farming collectives now had money, they could purchase generators and distribution facilities for the farms.
What was the Rural Electrification Act?
The “Rural Electrification Act” (REA) was a part of his “New Deal” program, designed to promote “Relief, Recovery, and Reform” in the United States. The REA made it possible for the federal government to deliver low-cost ...
Why was the Rural Electrification Act so problematic?
In the 1930s, very few farms in the United States had electricity. This was economically problematic because it made it hard for those farms to be very productive. They could not use any electric devices to help them with their farming.
When was the REA passed?
This amendment passed in 1949. The REA and its amendment is no longer in existence. In 1994, the United States Department of Agriculture went through a reorganization.
How did the Rural Electrification Act affect the economy?
Second, it improved the strength of the farm sector of the economy by making it possible for farmers to use more technology in their farming. Both of these were very important impacts of the Rural Electrification Act.
What was the New Deal legislation?
New Deal legislation. In United States: Agricultural recovery. …creation in 1935 of the Rural Electrification Administration (REA), which did more to bring farmers into the 20th century than any other single act. Thanks to the REA, nine out of 10 farms were electrified by 1950, compared to one out of 10 in 1935.
When was rural electrification started?
rural electrification. …the 20th century by the Rural Electrification Administration (REA), a federal agency established in 1935, under the New Deal, in an effort to raise the standard of rural living and to slow the extensive migration of rural Americans to urban centres; more than 98 percent of the United States’ farms….
How many volts does a REA use?
REA cooperatives used a 7200 volt distribution network, which could support much longer runs (up to about 40 miles). Despite requiring more expensive transformers at each home, the overall system cost was manageable.
How did the Rural Electrification Act work?
The Rural Electrification Act was one of many New Deal proposals by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to remedy high unemployment during the Great Depression .
Who signed the Rural Electrification Act?
Roosevelt on May 20, 1936. Franklin Delano Roosevelt (center) signs the Rural Electrification Act with Representative John Rankin (left) and Senator George William Norris (right) The Rural Electrification Act of 1936, enacted on May 20, 1936, provided federal loans for the installation ...
What act did Roosevelt pass in 1936?
In 1936, the Congress endorsed Roosevelt's action by passing the Rural Electrification Act. At the time the Rural Electrification Act was passed, electricity was commonplace in cities but largely unavailable in farms, ranches, and other rural places.
Who owns the REA?
REA was owned by 86 railroads in proportion to the express traffic on their lines; no one railroad or group of railroads controlled the agency. In response to customer demand, REA added a Chicago, Illinois -based refrigerator car line. In 1927, REA began an Air Express Division.
When did REA get its contract?
In 1959 , REA negotiated a new contract, allowing it to use any mode of transportation. It also acquired rights to allow continued service by truck freight after passenger trains were discontinued. REA unsuccessfully attempted entering the piggyback and container business. Another blow came when the Civil Aeronautics Board terminated REA's exclusive agreement with the airlines for air express.
What is REA in shipping?
The Railway Express Agency ( REA ), founded as the American Railway Express Agency and later renamed the American Railway Express Inc., was a national package delivery service that operated in the United States from 1918 to 1975.
What was the name of the company that was formed in 1918?
The result was a new company called the American Railway Express Agency , which was formed in July 1918.
When did REA Express go bankrupt?
In November 1975 , REA Express terminated operations and filed for bankruptcy. During the railroad strike of October 1974, the first Altair 8800 microcomputer was lost. It had been shipped from Albuquerque to Popular Electronics magazine in New York via REA and never arrived.
When did Rea Express change its name?
In 1960 the company's name was changed to REA Express, Inc. By 1965 many of REA's refrigerator cars, stripped of their refrigeration equipment, were in lease service as bulk mail carriers. Many were relegated to work train service.
When did REA stop?
REA ceased operations in 1975, when its business model ceased to be viable. Railway Express Agency luggage tag from New York City to Narrowsburg, for the Queens Boy Scout camp, Camp Man.
Where was Rhea worshiped?
She was originally worshiped on the island of Crete, identified in mythology as the site of Zeus' infancy and upbringing. Her cults employed rhythmic, raucous chants and dances, accompanied by the tympanon (a wide, handheld drum), to provoke a religious ecstasy. Her priests impersonated her mythical attendants, the Curetes and Dactyls, with a clashing of bronze shields and cymbals.
Who is Rheia in Oathbreaker?
Rhea or Rheia ( / ˈriːə /; Ancient Greek: Ῥέα [r̥é.aː] or Ῥεία [r̥ěː.aː]) is a goddess in Greek mythology, the Titaness daughter of the earth goddess Gaia and the sky god Uranus, Gaia's son. She is the older sister of Cronus, who was also her consort.
What is the Greek equivalent of Rhea?
Canaanite equivalent. Asherah. Egyptian equivalent. Nut. Rhea or Rheia ( / ˈriːə /; Ancient Greek: Ῥέα [r̥é.aː] or Ῥεία [r̥ěː.aː]) is a goddess in Greek mythology, the Titaness daughter of the earth goddess Gaia and the sky god Uranus, Gaia's son. She is the older sister of Cronus, who was also her consort.
How many children did Rhea have?
Family. According to Hesiod, Rhea had six children with Cronus: Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon, and Zeus in that order. The philosopher Plato recounts that Rhea, Cronus and Phorcys were the eldest children of Oceanus and Tethys.
Where does the word "rhea" come from?
Some ancient etymologists derived Rhea ( Ῥέα) (by metathesis) from ἔρα ( éra, 'ground', 'earth'); the same suggest also modern scholars, such as Robert Graves. A different tradition, embodied in Plato and in Chrysippus, connected the word with ῥέω ( rhéo, 'flow, discharge'), which is what A Greek–English Lexicon supports.
What did Gaia and Uranus tell Cronus?
Gaia and Uranus told Cronus that just as he had overthrown his own father, he was destined to be overcome by his own child; so as each of his children was born, Cronus swallowed them. Rhea, Uranus and Gaia devised a plan to save the last of them, Zeus.
Where did Rhea give Chronos a stone?
The scene in which Rhea gave Chronos a stone in the place of Zeus after his birth was assigned to have taken place on Petrakhos Mountain in Arcadia as well as on Mount Thaumasios in Arcadia, both of which were holy places:
