What is a tubercle in the human body?
Tubercle (bone) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In the human skeleton and that of at least other mammals, a tubercle, tuberosity or apophysis is a protrusion or eminence that serves as an attachment for skeletal muscles. The muscles attach by tendons, where the enthesis is the connective tissue between the tendon and bone.
What is tubercle bacillus?
The tubercle bacillus is a small, rod-shaped bacterium that is extremely hardy; it can survive for months in a state of dryness and can also resist the action of mild disinfectants. Infection spreads primarily by the respiratory route directly from an infected person who discharges live bacilli into the air.
What is the meaning of tubercle C16?
any small rounded nodule or elevation, esp on the skin, on a bone, or on a plant any small rounded pathological lesion of the tissues, esp one characteristic of tuberculosis Word Origin for tubercle C16: from Latin tūberculum a little swelling, diminutive of tuber
What is tubercle 2 made of?
2.a small, rounded nodule produced by the bacillus of tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). It is made up of small spherical cells that contain giant cells and are surrounded by spindle-shaped epithelioid cells. fibrous tuberclea tubercle of bacillary origin that contains connective tissue elements. Ghon tubercleGhon focus.
What is a tubercle on a bone?
A tubercle is a small rounded point of a bone. It also refers to a nodule attached to bone, mucous membrane (moist layer lining parts of the body), or skin.
What are tubercles made of?
A tubercle usually consists of a centre of dead cells and tissues, cheeselike (caseous) in appearance, in which can be found many bacilli. This centre is surrounded by radially arranged phagocytic (scavenger) cells and a periphery containing connective tissue cells.
Where is tubercle located in the body?
Ribs. On a rib, tubercle is an eminence on the back surface, at the junction between the neck and the body of the rib. It consists of an articular and a non-articular area.
What attaches to the tubercle?
The greater tubercle is the most lateral bony point of the humerus and is palpable at the posterolateral aspect of the shoulder. The superior aspect of the greater tubercle is marked by three impressions that serve as attachment points for the supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor muscles.
What is a tubercle in inflammation?
Tubercles are nodules that contain caseous necrosis, which form in the lungs as a result of an infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the patients with tuberculosis. Granulomas form in the infected tissue and undergo necrosis in the centre. Tubercles are also known as tuberculous nodules, or tuberculomas.
What can tuberculosis do to you?
The bacteria usually attack the lungs, but TB bacteria can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain. Not everyone infected with TB bacteria becomes sick. As a result, two TB-related conditions exist: latent TB infection (LTBI) and TB disease. If not treated properly, TB disease can be fatal.
What is the general function of a tuberosity or tubercle quizlet?
A tuberosity provides a roughened surface for muscles or ligaments to attach to the end of long bones. The ligaments attached to the tibial tuberosity are responsible for moving the knee joint. A tubercle is smaller than a tuberosity.
How many Fossas are there in the human body?
SkullBoneCranial fossaNumbersphenoidmiddle cranial fossa2sphenoidmiddle cranial fossa2temporalmiddle cranial fossa2temporalposterior cranial fossa220 more rows
What is a tubercle quizlet?
Tubercle. A small, rounded projection. Tuberosity. Large rounded projection; may be roughened.
How do tubercles form in lungs?
General Discussion. Tuberculosis (TB) is an acute or chronic bacterial infection found most commonly in the lungs. The infection is spread like a cold, mainly through airborne droplets breathed into the air by a person infected with TB. The bacteria causes formation of small tissue masses called tubercles.
What are tubercles on whales?
The bumps on the rostrum, or head, and the pectoral fins of a humpback whale are, in fact, hair follicles. Called “tubercles,” these fist-sized bumps contain one hair follicle each, connected to a set of sensitive nerves. Why do humpback whales have these sensitive whiskers?
What is a tubercle quizlet?
Tubercle. A small, rounded projection. Tuberosity. Large rounded projection; may be roughened.
What is a tubercle on the mouth?
A dental tubercle (tuberculum coronae) is a small elevation of the crown of a tooth, produced by extra formation of enamel. This definition incorporates text from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy (20th U.S. edition of Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body, published in 1918 – from http://www.bartleby.com/107/).
What is a tubercle?
tubercle. (to͞o′bər-kəl) n. 1. An anatomical nodule. 2. A small elevation on the surface of a tooth. 3. A nodule or swelling, especially a mass of lymphocytes and epithelioid cells forming the characteristic granulomatous lesion of tuberculosis.
What is fibrous tubercle?
fibrous tubercle a tubercle of bacillary origin that contains connective tissue elements. Ghon tubercle Ghon focus. mental tubercle a prominence on the inner border of either side of the mental protuberance of the mandible. miliary tubercle one of the many minute tubercles formed in many organs in acute miliary tuberculosis.
What is a nodule in a bacillus?
2.a small, rounded nodule produced by the bacillus of tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). It is made up of small spherical cells that contain giant cells and are surrounded by spindle-shaped epithelioid cells.
What is a nodule in anatomy?
2. A circumscribed, rounded, solid elevation on the skin, mucous membrane, surface of an organ, or the surface of a bone, the latter giving attachment to a muscle or ligament. 3. dentistry a small elevation arising on the surface of a tooth.
What is the term for hematogenous dissemination of tuberculosis to various organs other than?
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB)--EPTB results from hematogenous dissemination of tuberclebacilli to various organs other than lung.
What is a tubercular mass?
1. A small nodular mass of tubercular tissue.
Where is the pubic tuberclea located?
pubic tuberclea prominent tubercle at the lateral end of the pubic crest.
What is a tubercle?
In the human skeleton and that of at least other mammals, a tubercle, tuberosity or apophysis is a protrusion or eminence that serves as an attachment for skeletal muscles.
Where is the tubercle located on the rib?
Ribs. On a rib, tubercle is an eminence on the back surface, at the junction between the neck and the body of the rib. It consists of an articular and a non-articular area.
How many tubercles does the humerus have?
The humerus has two tubercles, the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. These are situated at the proximal end of the bone, that is the end that connects with the scapula. The greater/lesser tubercule is located from the top of the acromion laterally and inferiorly. The radius has two, the radial tuberosity and Lister's tubercle.
Where is the tibial tuberosity located?
The tibial tuberosity is located on the tibia's anterior surface, distal to the medial condyle. It creates a bony prominence just below the patella, and can be easily located with the fingers. It creates an attachment point for the ligamentum patellae, or patellar ligament. Other tubercles of the tibia include the medial intercondylar tubercle, ...
What is the higher non-articular area of the ribs?
The higher, non-articular area is a rough elevation which gives attachment to the ligament of the tubercle. The tubercle is much more prominent in the upper ribs than in the lower ribs.
What is a tubercle?
tubercle. A small rounded projection, swelling, or lump, as on the roots of legumes or on bodily tissue, especially the cluster of inflammatory cells that form in the lungs in tuberculosis. The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2011.
What is a small rounded projection or excrescence?
noun. a small rounded projection or excrescence, as on a bone or on the surface of the body. Pathology. a small, firm, rounded nodule or swelling. such a swelling as the characteristic lesion of tuberculosis. Botany. a tuberlike swelling or nodule.
What is a small rounded nodule?
noun. any small rounded nodule or elevation, esp on the skin, on a bone, or on a plant. any small rounded pathological lesion of the tissues, esp one characteristic of tuberculosis.
Do tuberculosis always exist?
Tubercle bacilli are nearly always present, although animal inoculation may be necessary to detect them.
How do tuberculosis spread?
Infection spreads primarily by the respiratory route directly from an infected person who discharges live bacilli into the air. Minute droplets ejected by sneezing, coughing, and even talking can contain hundreds of tubercle bacilli that may be inhaled by a healthy person. There the bacilli become trapped in the tissues of the body, are surrounded by immune cells, and finally are sealed up in hard, nodular tubercles. A tubercle usually consists of a centre of dead cells and tissues, cheeselike (caseous) in appearance, in which can be found many bacilli. This centre is surrounded by radially arranged phagocytic (scavenger) cells and a periphery containing connective tissue cells. The tubercle thus forms as a result of the body’s defensive reaction to the bacilli. Individual tubercles are microscopic in size, but most of the visible manifestations of tuberculosis, from barely visible nodules to large tuberculous masses, are conglomerations of tubercles.
How does pulmonary tuberculosis affect the body?
The onset of pulmonary tuberculosis is usually insidious, with lack of energy, weight loss, and persistent cough. These symptoms do not subside, and the general health of the patient deteriorates. Eventually, the cough increases, the patient may have chest pain from pleurisy, and there may be blood in the sputum, an alarming symptom. Fever develops, usually with drenching night sweats. In the lung, the lesion consists of a collection of dead cells in which tubercle bacilli may be seen. This lesion may erode a neighbouring bronchus or blood vessel, causing the patient to cough up blood ( hemoptysis ). Tubercular lesions may spread extensively in the lung, causing large areas of destruction, cavities, and scarring. The amount of lung tissue available for the exchange of gases in respiration decreases, and if untreated the patient will die from failure of ventilation and general toxemia and exhaustion.
What is the cause of TB?
tuberculosis (TB), infectious disease that is caused by the tubercle bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In most forms of the disease, the bacillus spreads slowly and widely in the lungs, causing the formation of hard nodules (tubercles) or large cheeselike masses that break down the respiratory tissues and form cavities in the lungs.
How long does it take for a bacillus to break down?
In some cases, however, sometimes after periods of time that can reach 40 years or more , the original tubercles break down, releasing viable bacilli into the bloodstream. From the blood the bacilli create new tissue infections elsewhere in the body, most commonly in the upper portion of one or both lungs.
Is tuberculosis a major disease?
Today, in less-developed countries where population is dense and hygienic standards poor, tuberculosis remains a major fatal disease. The prevalence of the disease has increased in association with the HIV/ AIDS epidemic; an estimated one out of every four deaths from tuberculosis involves an individual coinfected with HIV. In addition, the successful elimination of tuberculosis as a major threat to public health in the world has been complicated by the rise of new strains of the tubercle bacillus that are resistant to conventional antibiotics. Infections with these strains are often difficult to treat and require the use of combination drug therapies, sometimes involving the use of five different agents.
Can a tubercular lesions spread?
Tubercular lesions may spread extensively in the lung , causing large areas of destruction, cavities, and scarring. The amount of lung tissue available for the exchange of gases in respiration decreases, and if untreated the patient will die from failure of ventilation and general toxemia and exhaustion. Load Next Page.
Is tuberculosis a major threat to public health?
In addition, the successful elimination of tuberculosis as a major threat to public health in the world has been complicat ed by the rise of new strains of the tubercle bacillus that are resistant to conventional antibiotics.
How does TB develop in the body?
How TB Develops in the Body (1) Persons become infected with TB when they inhale droplet nuclei that contain tubercle bacilli and the bacilli begin to multiply in the small air sacs of the lungs. A small number of bacilli enter the bloodstream and spread throughout the body.
What is another name for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms that cause TB disease?
Tubercle bacilli: Another name for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms that cause TB disease.
Can TB spread to others?
Since the immune system is keeping the tubercle bacilli under control, people with latent TB infection do not feel sick and they cannot spread TB to others. Tubercle bacilli: Another name for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms that cause TB disease.