What is CSF and its function?
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless, watery fluid that flows in and around your brain and spinal cord. Your brain and spinal cord make up your central nervous system. It controls and coordinates everything you do, including your ability to move, breathe, see think, and more.
What are the three basic functions of CSF?
Cerebrospinal fluid has three main functions: Protect brain and spinal cord from trauma. Supply nutrients to nervous system tissue. Remove waste products from cerebral metabolism.
What are the 5 functions of CSF?
CSF performs vital functions including: Support; Shock absorber; Homeostasis; Nutrition; Immune function. Adult CSF volume is estimated to be 150 ml with a distribution of 125 ml within the subarachnoid spaces and 25 ml within the ventricles.
Where does CSF drain into?
CSF drains into the lymphatic circulation, through lymph ducts contiguous to the olfactory duct as it passes through the cribriform plate.
What is the function of CSF quizlet?
While the primary function of CSF is to cushion the brain within the skull and serve as a shock absorber for the central nervous system, CSF also circulates nutrients and chemicals filtered from the blood and removes waste products from the brain.
Why is CSF drainage important?
The tube drains some of the cerebrospinal fluid that fills the ventricles of the brain and surrounds the brain and spinal cord. In assessing normal pressure hydrocephalus, draining cerebrospinal fluid for a few days is helpful in determining if the patient will benefit from a shunt.
What does CSF protect?
The CSF protects the central nervous system (CNS) in different ways involving metabolic homeostasis, supply of nutrients, functioning as lymphatic system, and regulation of intracranial pressure.
What diseases can be found in spinal fluid?
Diseases detected by CSF analysismeningitis.encephalitis.tuberculosis.fungal infections.West Nile virus.eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV)
What are the 3 meninges and their functions?
Three layers of membranes known as meninges protect the brain and spinal cord. The delicate inner layer is the pia mater. The middle layer is the arachnoid, a web-like structure filled with fluid that cushions the brain. The tough outer layer is called the dura mater.
What are two major functions of the cerebrospinal fluid?
The main functions of CSF are to cushion the brain and spinal cord when they're struck with mechanical force, to provide basic immunological protection to the CNS, to remove metabolic waste, as well as to transport neuromodulators and neurotransmitters.
How does CSF help the brain?
CSF assists the brain by providing protection, nourishment, and waste removal. CSF provides hydromechanical protection of the neuroaxis through two mechanisms. First, CSF acts as a shock absorber, cushioning the brain against the skull. Second, CSF allows the brain and spinal cord to become buoyant, reducing the effective weight of the brain from its normal 1,500 grams to a much lesser 50 grams. The reduction in weight lessens the force applied to the brain parenchyma and cerebral vessels during mechanical injury. Another function of CSF is to maintain homeostasis of the interstitial fluid of the brain. A stable environment for brain parenchyma is imperative for maintaining normal neuronal function.
How is CSF propelled?
CSF is propelled along the neuroaxis from the site of secretion to the site of absorption, mainly by the rhythmic systolic pulse wave within the choroidal arteries.
What is CSF 2021?
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an ultrafiltrate of plasma contained within the ventricles of the brain and the subarachnoid spaces of the cranium and spine .[1] . It performs vital functions, including providing nourishment, waste removal, and protection to the brain.[2] .
What is the CSF turnover?
The reduction of CSF turnover may contribute to the accumulation of metabolites seen in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. The composition of CSF is strictly regulated, and any variation can be useful for diagnostic purposes.[1] Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an ultrafiltrate of plasma contained within the ventricles of the brain and ...
What causes CSF to accumulate in the brain?
Hydrocephalus is a pathological condition in which CSF abnormally accumulates due to increased CSF production, blockage of flow, or decreased absorption. The ventricles distend to accommodate elevated CSF volumes, potentially causing damage to the brain by pressing its tissue against the boney skull. Hydrocephalus may be congenital or acquired. Blocked CSF flow throughout the ventricles is classified as non-communicating, or obstructive, hydrocephalus. The blockage is often a mass such as a tumor or an abscess located within a foramen. Because CSF secretion is constant, obstruction of flow will lead to CSF build up in front of the blockage. For example, stenosis of the cerebral aqueduct, one of the most common causes of obstructive hydrocephalus , leads to enlargement of both lateral ventricles as well as the third ventricle. If the flow of CSF becomes obstructed outside the ventricles, in either the subarachnoid space or site of absorption, it classifies as communicating, or non-obstructive, hydrocephalus.
What percent of CSF is produced by a network of modified ependymal cells?
The composition of CSF is strictly regulated, and any variation can be useful for diagnostic purposes. [1] Cellular. Seventy to eighty percent of CSF production is via a network of modified ependymal cells known as the choroid plexus (CP).[1] .
What is the effect of CSF turnover on aging?
The reduction of CSF turnover may contribute to the accumulation of metabolites seen in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. The composition of CSF is strictly regulated, and any variation can be useful for diagnostic purposes.[1] NCBI.
What is the CSF?
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless plasma-like fluid that bathes the central nervous system (CNS). Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through a system of cavities found within the brain and spinal cord; ventricles, subarachnoid space of the brain and spinal cord and the central canal of the spinal cord. Most CSF is secreted by the specialized tissue called the choroid plexus, which is located within the lateral, third and fourth ventricles. The secretion of CSF equals its removal, so there is around 150-270 milliliters of cerebrospinal fluid within the CNS at all times.
What is the CSF fluid?
Thus, the CSF fluid is not simply an ultrafiltrate of blood but differs from it in terms of its electrolyte, glucose and protein content.
How does CSF exit the subarachnoid space?
The CSF exits the subarachnoid space by diffusing through the walls of arachnoid granulations. The arachnoid granulations provide a valvular mechanism for the flow of CSF, which allows the inflow of CSF into the bloodstream without permitting the backflow of blood into the CSF. Normally the pressure of the CSF is higher than that of the venous system, so CSF flows through the villi and granulations into the venous blood.
How much CSF is produced in a day?
Cerebrospinal fluid is constantly produced at a secretion rate of 0.2-0.7 ml/min, meaning that there is 600–700 ml of newly produced CSF per day. Since the total volume of CSF averages around 150-270 mL, this means that the entire volume of CSF is replaced around 4 times per day.
Which system does CSF exit?
There are three recognized routes through which CSF exits the subarachnoid space (SAS) to enter the cerebral venous system; arachnoid granulations, minute channels that pass through the cribriform plate of ethmoid bone, and the glymphatic system.
Where is the most CSF secreted?
Most CSF is secreted by the specialized tissue called the choroid plexus, which is located within the lateral, third and fourth ventricles. The secretion of CSF equals its removal, so there is around 150-270 milliliters of cerebrospinal fluid within the CNS at all times.
Where is CSF obtained?
CSF is also very useful for clinical diagnosis, and its samples are usually obtained from the subarachnoid space (SAS) by lumbar puncture. This article will discuss the anatomy and functions of the cerebrospinal fluid flow. Key facts about cerebrospinal fluid flow. Secretion.
What is the CSF?
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, plasma-like fluid (an ultrafiltrate of plasma) that bathes the central nervous system (CNS). It occupies the central spinal canal, the ventricular system, and the subarachnoid space.
What is the role of CSF in the nervous system?
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays an essential role in maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system.
What is the cause of increased CSF production?
Hydrocephalus is a pathological condition of abnormal accumulation of CSF caused by increased CSF production, blockage of flow, or decreased absorption. The ventricles distend in order to accommodate elevated CSF volumes, potentially causing damage to the brain by pressing its tissue against the boney skull. Hydrocephalus may be congenital or acquired.
How many times does CSF renew?
The constant secretion of CSF contributes to complete CSF renewal four to five times per 24-hour period in the average young adult.
Which granulations are responsible for resorption of CSF?
Arachnoid granulations are responsible for CSF resorption; they drain CSF into the dural venous sinuses.
Where does CSF flow into the subarachnoid space?
CSF then flows into the subarachnoid space through the foramina of Luschka (there are two of these) and the foramen of Magendie (only one of these).
Which constituents maintain the osmotic pressure responsible for normal CSF pressure?
Biochemical constituents and electrolytes maintain the osmotic pressure responsible for normal CSF pressure which is essential to maintaining normal cerebral perfusion
What is the role of CSF in the brain?
When there is any impact on cranium, since brain is suspended in fluid environment of CSF, CSF acts as water cushion. The impact on head is dissipated to wider area and thereby direct impact on underlying brain tissue is minimized.
What is the condition where there is abnormal accumulation of CSF in the skull leading to enlargement of the head?
Hydrocephalus is a condition in which there will be abnormal accumulation of CSF in skull leading to enlargement of head.
Can CSF be removed to decrease tension?
Measure intracranial tension and if intracranial tension has increased, some amount of CSF can be removed to decrease tension. However, while relieving raised intracranial tension by lumbar puncture; there are chances of herniation of brain.
What is the purpose of CSF?
One of the functions of CSF has been to recognize academic accomplishment in tangible ways. The original constitution provided for only one award, an embossed seal placed on the diploma of each qualifying graduate. Many voiced the desire for a pin to be worn by student members, so at a special meeting on December 20, 1922, the CSF lamp pin was approved, to be awarded only to qualifying seniors. Subsequent to this, several chapters began using local membership pins. In 1927, the April CSF meeting held in Fresno approved a “semester membership” pin, but its use was optional and has since been discontinued.
When did CSF start?
Beginning in 1925 , the Board of Directors initiated a program with several colleges and universities so that tuition scholarships were set aside specifically for CSF Life Members. Today there are still a few colleges and universities in California and throughout the nation that participate in the program.
How many CSF chapters are there?
Since the organization’s inception, over 1500 CSF chapters have been approved. Today’s chapters continue to foster the recognition, motivation, and education of academically talented students. Chapter memberships promote the CSF ideal of service to their communities.
What is California Scholarship Federation?
is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and encourage academic achievement and community service among middle and high school students in California. There are approximately 1500 chapters in middle school and high schools throughout the state, and each chapter is comprised ...
When did CSF start using pins?
Many voiced the desire for a pin to be worn by student members, so at a special meeting on December 20, 1922 , the CSF lamp pin was approved, to be awarded only to qualifying seniors. Subsequent to this, several chapters began using local membership pins.
When did California Scholarship Federation become a legal entity?
The annual convention in Sacramento on October 18, 1930, voted to incorporate under the laws of California. Articles of Incorporation were adopted and signed at this meeting. The CSF constitution thereupon assumed the nature of by-laws appended to the Articles. The California Scholarship Federation thus became a legal entity, capable of making valid contracts and receiving bequests.
Introduction
Structure and Function
- Support - The CSF supports the weight of the brain estimated at 1500 gm and suspends it in neutral buoyancy to a net weight of about 25 gm. Hence, the entire brain density is cushioned, protecting...
- Shock absorber - It protects the brain from damage during head trauma. Otherwise, even minor head bopping will result in severe brain injury.
- Support - The CSF supports the weight of the brain estimated at 1500 gm and suspends it in neutral buoyancy to a net weight of about 25 gm. Hence, the entire brain density is cushioned, protecting...
- Shock absorber - It protects the brain from damage during head trauma. Otherwise, even minor head bopping will result in severe brain injury.
- Homeostasis - The biochemical constituents and volume of the CSF play vital cerebral homeostatic roles:
Blood Supply and Lymphatics
- The choroid plexus is a group of fenestrated blood capillaries located in the ventricular system. The choroid plexus mostly synthesizes CSF. Arachnoid granulations are responsible for CSF resorption; they drain CSF into the dural venous sinuses. CSF drains into the lymphatic circulation, via lymphducts contiguous to the olfactory duct, as it passes through the cribriform plate.
Clinical Significance
- Hydrocephalus is a pathological condition of abnormal accumulation of CSF caused by increased CSF production, blockage of flow, or decreased absorption. The ventricles distend in order to accommodate elevated CSF volumes, potentially causing damage to the brainby pressing its tissue against the boney skull. Hydrocephalus may be congenital or acquired. CSF Leakis a cond…
Conclusion
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays an essential role in maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system. The functions of CSF include: (1) buoyancy of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves; (2) volume adjustment in the cranial cavity; (3) nutrient transport; (4) protein or peptide transport; (5) brain volume regulation through osmoregulation; (6) buffering effect against external forces; …