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How can you tell Indian hawthorn?
The fragrant, pink or white crabapple-like flowers open in clusters above the foliage in mid-April to May. Bluish-black berries appear in late summer and persist through the winter. The leathery, dark evergreen leaves are rounded, about 2 to 3 inches long, turning purplish in winter.
What is Indian hawthorn good for?
Indian Hawthorn berries have been used to treat heart disease as far back as the 1st century. They contain high levels of antioxidant flavonoids, which help dilate blood vessels, improve blood flow, and protect the blood vessels from damage.
How tall does an Indian hawthorn get?
The shrub does well in USDA zones 7 to 11, and most varieties grow to a mature size of 2 to 5 feet in height and width. Indian hawthorn is one of the smaller evergreen shrubs, so it lends itself to versatile uses.
What is another name for Indian hawthorn?
Rhaphiolepis indica, the Indian hawthorn, India hawthorn or Hong Kong hawthorn is an evergreen shrub in the family Rosaceae.
Is Indian Hawthorne toxic to dogs?
Given the large variety of Indian hawthorn species that are safe to consume, it shouldn't be hard for you to incorporate a non-toxic variety into your outdoor space if you have young children or pets that tend to eat your plants and flowers.
Do Indian hawthorns attract bees?
In spring, Indian Hawthorn produces large clusters of small 7/8 inch diameter flowers with pink or white petals and a delicate fragrance. They have ample pollen to attract bees, wasps and other insect pollinators. The nectar attracts butterflies, ants and hummingbirds.
Is Indian hawthorn a good plant?
Indian hawthorn is a broadleaf evergreen shrub suitable for warmer climates, with a wide array of uses in the landscape. Most varieties stay relatively small, making them a valuable addition to smaller spaces. This low-maintenance shrub is useful for foundation plantings, hedging, containers, and mass plantings.
Are Indian hawthorn roots invasive?
Other varieties of hawthorn, including the Indian and Washington, are not invasive. Hawthorn trees are legal to plant, although some caution should be exercised if planting in the central to northern Pacific coast region.
How quickly does Indian hawthorn grow?
How fast do Indian hawthorns grow? Growth rate will depend on various things like watering, climate, soil quality and cultivar, but usually this plant has a fairly slow growth rate, growing by around a foot (0.3m) per year.
Should you deadhead Indian hawthorn?
As I mentioned earlier, don't prune in the fall, but you may want to deadhead those flowers because they will soon turn brown and not be pleasant to look at.
Do birds eat Indian hawthorn berries?
The fruit is edible; birds love it – and so do deer. Native to China, Indian hawthorn is a member of the rose family and is used extensively in California landscaping as well as throughout the sun belt.
When should you plant Indian hawthorn?
springThis shrub has a fairly slow growth habit and is best planted in early spring time. Indian Hawthorne likes full sun but can tolerate some shade. Typically growing 3-6 feet tall and wide, space each shrub 18-24 inches apart.
What are the side effects of hawthorn?
Side effects of hawthorn can include dizziness, nausea, and digestive symptoms. Hawthorn may interact in harmful ways with drugs, including some heart medications. If you're taking medication and you're considering using hawthorn, consult your health care provider.
How long does it take for hawthorn to lower blood pressure?
Blood pressure. In one study, people with type 2 diabetes who took hawthorn extract for four months had a drop in diastolic blood pressure -- the bottom number in a blood pressure reading.
Is hawthorn a blood thinner?
In conclusions, hawthorn extract possesses an antioxidant effect and blood-thinning properties. Hence, we recommend attention when using this herbal extract with other anticoagulation and/or antiplatelet drugs or undergoing major cardiac surgery.
Does hawthorn strengthen the heart?
Studies mostly show improvements in heart function and heart-failure symptoms — such as shortness of breath and fatigue ( 1 , 10 ). Researchers have suggested that compounds called flavonoids in hawthorn might be behind these beneficial effects ( 10 ).
What is an Indian hawthorn?
Indian hawthorn ( Rhaphiolepsis indica) is a small, slow-growing shrub perfect for sunny locations. It’s easy to care for because it keeps a neat, rounded shape naturally, without the need for pruning. The shrub looks great year-round and becomes a focal point in spring when large, loose clusters of fragrant, pink or white flowers bloom.
What is the best zone for Indian Hawthorn?
The shrub survives winters in mild climates and is rated for USDA plant hardiness zones 8 through 11. You’ll find many uses for Indian hawthorn plants. Planted close together, they form a dense hedge. You can also use rows of Indian hawthorn as barriers or dividers between sections of the garden.
How wide do sand bushes grow?
The various species and cultivars grow between 3 and 6 feet (1-2 m.) wide and spread a little further than their height, so space them accordingly.
Can Indian hawthorn be planted in containers?
Indian hawthorn plants grow well in containers, so you can use them on patios, decks, and porches too. Indian hawthorn care begins with planting the shrub in a location where it can thrive. It grows best in full sun but will tolerate afternoon shade as well.
Do Indian hawthorns need pruning?
Indian hawthorn almost never needs pruning. You may need to prune lightly to remove dead and damaged branches, and you can do this type of pruning any time of year. If the shrub needs additional pruning, do so immediately after the flowers fade. Printer Friendly Version.
What causes a leaf spot on an Indian hawthorn?
Entomosporium leaf spot, caused by the fungus Entomosporium mespili, is the most common disease of Indian hawthorn. It is most damaging following periods of frequent rainfall in the spring and fall.
What is Indian Princess?
Indian Princess® (‘Monto’ PP5862) grows in a compact, mounded form with pink flowers that fade to white. This cultivar is one of the most resistant to leaf spot. R. indica.
What is the best shrub to use for a foundation?
The compact cultivars of Indian hawthorn are suitable for use as foundation shrubs, while larger cultivars may be used for hedges, mass plantings or screening.
How big does an Indian hawthorn tree get?
Olivia™ (‘Conia’ PP9399) is one of the most disease resistant Indian hawthorns. It grows to 4 feet tall and 4 to 5 feet wide with white flowers. Rosalinda® (‘Conda’ PP9056) is typically grown as a tree form, and reaches 10 to 12 feet tall by 8 to 10 feet wide. R. indica.
How to slow the spread of disease?
Slow the spread of disease by properly spacing plants to improve air movement. Water shrubs with drip irrigation rather than overhead sprinklers. If sprinklers are used, only water established plants once per week as needed during the growing season and apply one inch of irrigation water each time. Collect and discard fallen diseased leaves during winter, and then mulch the shrubs.
How to tell if a plant has a disease?
The first symptoms are tiny, round, red spots on both the upper and lower sides of young leaves. These expand and on heavily diseased leaves, merge, forming large, irregular blotches. Severe infections may result in early leaf drop. Slow the spread of disease by properly spacing plants to improve air movement.
How tall do sage trees grow?
Most cultivars grow between 3 and 6 feet tall and about the same in width. A few are large shrubs that can be trained to a small tree form.
What is the pH of Indian hawthorn?
Indian hawthorn is adaptable to different soil types, but prefers well-amended soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. Good drainage is essential to prevent root rot or other diseases.
When do crabapples bloom?
Fragrant pink or white crabapple-like five-petaled flowers appear in late winter to spring, followed by clusters of small rounded dark blue or purple berries that may persist into winter.
What shrubs bloom at different times?
Combine Indian hawthorn with other shrubs that bloom at different times such as daphne, hydrangea, and bluebeard for sequential color throughout the growing season.
How long are a sage's leaves?
Thick glossy green leaves 2 to 4 inches long are round or oval with serrated edges. New growth has bronze or maroon highlights, with leaves acquiring a purplish tinge during winter.
What color are roses in spring?
Flowers start out pale pink, aging to white, creating an eye-catching bicolor effect. Spring blossoms are followed by small dark fruits. Use as pathway edging, to divide garden rooms or in foundation plantings. Resistant to leaf spot.
How big does a Jestic Beauty grow?
From 1 to 6 feet tall and 3 to 6 feet wide. ‘Majestic Beauty’ is a larger hybrid that can grow 8 to 18 feet tall and 5 to 10 feet wide.
When do star shaped flowers appear?
Prolific clusters of star-shaped white flowers appear in spring, followed by nearly black fruits that are attractive to songbirds. New foliage is bright orange-red, maturing to deep green, then becoming tinged with maroon in winter. The spreading habit makes it suitable for foundation plantings, hedging or screening. Resistant to leaf spot.
How to tell if a hawthorn tree is mature?
Hawthorn bark looks gray and usually has shallow fissures and narrow ridges running vertically. You can identify young hawthorn trees by the smooth, gray bark. As hawthorn matures, its bark looks like dark shades of brown that has a rough, fissured texture.
How tall is the English Hawthorn?
Also called the woodland hawthorn or mayflower, Crataegus laevigata grows up to 26 ft. (8 m) tall.
What is a Mayhaw tree?
Mayhaw Trees. Some types of hawthorn trees are called Mayhaw trees – these are the varieties Crataegus aestivalis and Crataegus opaca. Mayhaw trees are midsize fruit trees that are renowned for their berry-like mayhaw fruits that ripen in late April and May.
What is a hawthorn tree?
Hawthorn trees ( Crataegus) are small fruit-bearing deciduous trees with thorny branches, dark green leaves, and clusters of small white pungent flowers. The fruit from hawthorn trees are small red pome fruits that look like clusters of miniature crabapples. Hawthorns are popular ornamental landscape trees that grow in confined spaces where there are poor soil and drainage.
How tall does a cockspur hawthorn tree grow?
The thornless cockspur hawthorn thrives in full sun and most types of moist soils. The shrubby tree grows between 20 and 30 ft. (6 – 9 m). However, with regular pruning, you can limit its height. Depending on your landscaping needs, you can grow this hawthorn species as a flowering hedge, privacy screen, or specimen tree.
How tall do Chinese hawthorns grow?
Chinese hawthorns grow between 15 and 23 ft. (4.5 – 7 m) tall. This low-maintenance tree species has thin gray bark and an irregular, rounded crown.
What kind of soil does a hawthorn tree need?
The common hawthorn ( Crataegus monogyna) grows best in full sun or partial shade and moist, well-drained soil.
How to protect Indian hawthorn from cold?
Healthy plants are less likely to be seriously injured or killed in cold weather. Plant Indian hawthorn in full sun and well-drained soil. The shrubs prefer to be watered regularly to keep the soil moist, but they will tolerate drought. Water-stressed plants and those that don't receive proper fertilization may suffer greater injury if exposed to cold. Test the soil and fertilize based on the test results and recommendations.
How do I care for an Indian hawthorn plant?
Water the plant at the soil level to keep the foliage dry. Indian hawthorn is prone to leaf spot and wet foliage, and shady conditions increase the plant's susceptibility to fungal infections. The plant is also prone to fire blight infections and pests, including aphids, scale and nematodes, advises Missouri Botanical Garden.
Can a hawthorn shrub freeze?
This shrub will freeze when it is grown in cold temperatures outside of the Indian hawthorn hardiness zones.
Can Indian hawthorns tolerate cold?
Some Indian hawthorn shrub varieties and hybrids can tolerate colder temperatures, advises Clemson University Cooperative Extension Service. Rhaphiolepis umbellata ‘Blueberry Muffin’ is very cold tolerant and is also resistant to root rot. ‘Eskimo’ and ‘Georgia Petite,' both cultivars of the hybrid Rhaphiolepis x delacourii, can tolerate temperatures as low as 5 degrees.
What is the fruit of a hawthorn?
Hawthorn flowers. Fruits. The fruit, or haw, is dark red with one seed. They remain on the branches until the following spring (unless they are eaten). They are important winter food for birds like dunnocks, blackbirds, thrushes and bullfinches and some of our winter visitors like redwings.
How many petals does a hawthorn have?
The flower is white and has a single pistil and 5 petals. It is similar to the wild cherry flower (they are from the same family). Sometimes the tips of the petals are pinkish. The flowers appear in May, giving the hawthorn another name – maythorn. Hawthorn flowers.
Why is hawthorn important?
Over 200 plant-eating insects depend on hawthorn. The ecological value of the tree is very high because it provides protection and food for many animals.
What color is the bark of a sage?
The bark is greyish brown and has a lot of small scales.
Why do Indian hawthorns have leaf spots?
Unfortunately, many Indian hawthorn succumb to leaf spot because they are in the wrong environment. Indian hawthorn shrubs need a full sun location in order to thrive and bloom well. When plants receive too much shade, combined with over-watering, they’re prone to fungal diseases.
What is the disease of Indian Hawthorn?
Healthy, robust Indian Hawthorn. Entomosporium leaf spot, En tomosporium maculatum, is a fungal leaf spot disease. It’s a common problem on rose relatives like red tip photinia, quince, pear and Indian hawthorn. Once foliage is infected with the fungus it eventually dies and drops from the plant. This Indian hawthorn has lost almost all its foliage ...
What are the red spots on my plant?
What to look for. Entomosporium maculatum produces tiny red spots on plant leaves that will sometimes have a yellow ring around the edges. Over time, the spots get darker and enlarge, covering the entire leaf.
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Mature Height/Spread
Ornamental Features
- Indian hawthorns are grown for their attractively neat, mounded form and clusters of flowers. The fragrant, pink or white crabapple-like flowers open in clusters above the foliage in mid-April to May. Bluish-black berries appear in late summer and persist through the winter. The leathery, dark evergreen leaves are rounded, about 2 to 3 inches long,...
Landscape Use
- The compact cultivars of Indian hawthorn are suitable for use as foundation shrubs, while larger cultivars may be used for hedges, mass plantings or screening. Indian hawthorns are sensitive to cold damage and should be sited in protected areas if grown in the upper part of South Carolina. Plants prefer sun, although they will grow in partial shade. Indian hawthorn prefers moist, well-dr…
Problems
- Entomosporium leaf spot, caused by the fungus Entomosporium mespili, is the most common disease of Indian hawthorn. It is most damaging following periods of frequent rainfall in the spring and fall. The first symptoms are tiny, round, red spots on both the upper and lower sides of young leaves. These expand and on heavily diseased leaves, merge, forming large, irregular blotches. S…
Varieties
- ‘Blueberry Muffin’ is very cold hardy with good root rot and foliage disease resistance. It has white flowers, and deep blue fruit. The leaves turn deep purple in winter if grown in full sun. R. um...
- ‘Clara’ is white flowered, with reddish new growth that matures to dark green. It grows 3 to 4 feet tall. It is moderately resistant to leaf spot. R. indica.
- ‘Blueberry Muffin’ is very cold hardy with good root rot and foliage disease resistance. It has white flowers, and deep blue fruit. The leaves turn deep purple in winter if grown in full sun. R. um...
- ‘Clara’ is white flowered, with reddish new growth that matures to dark green. It grows 3 to 4 feet tall. It is moderately resistant to leaf spot. R. indica.
- ‘Eleanor Tabor™’ (‘Conor’ PP9398) is a pink-flowered cultivar that has very good leaf spot resistance, unless planted in less than 6 hours of sun. Grows to 3 to 5 feet tall. R. indica.
- ‘Eskimo’ is cold tolerant to 5 °F, and exhibits very high resistance to leaf spot. ‘Eskimo’ grows up to 6 feet tall and 8 feet wide with white flowers. R. x delacourii.
