What Patriate means?
patriate. / (ˈpætrɪˌeɪt, ˈpeɪtrɪˌeɪt) / verb (tr) to bring under the authority of an autonomous country, for example as in the transfer of the Canadian constitution from UK to Canadian responsibility.
What does patriation means here in the Canadian context?
Patriation is the political process that led to full Canadian sovereignty, culminating with the Constitution Act, 1982.
Who patriated the Constitution in Canada?
This occurred after Canadians had lived under and were governed by an Imperial Statute, the British North America Act, 1867, for over a century. On this day Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and nine premiers put their signatures on an agreement that would become the Constitution Act, 1982.
What happened when the Canadian Constitution was repatriated in 1982?
In 1982, Canada fully broke from its colonial past and “patriated” its Constitution. It transferred the country's highest law, the British North America Act (which was renamed the Constitution Act, 1867), from the authority of the British Parliament to Canada's federal and provincial legislatures.
Who are called repatriates?
repatriate Add to list Share. When a country repatriates people, they are usually refugees who are being sent back to their homeland, often against their wishes.
What is a synonym for repatriation?
Repatriate synonyms and antonyms In this page you can discover 5 synonyms, antonyms, idiomatic expressions, and related words for repatriate, like: resettle, deport, extradite, expatriate and leave-the-country.
What was the original name of Canada's first Constitution?
the British North America Act, 1867Constitution Act, 1867 This was an Act of the British parliament, originally called the British North America Act, 1867. It outlined Canada's system of government, which combines Britain's Westminster model of parliamentary government with the division of sovereignty (federalism).
What is Canada's Constitution called?
The Constitution of Canada includes the Constitution Act, 1867, and the Constitution Act, 1982. It is the supreme law of Canada. It reaffirms Canada's dual legal system and also includes Aboriginal rights and treaty rights.
What can Canada amend its own Constitution?
Section 38 of the Act provides that the Constitution of Canada may be amended, if there is no specific provision to the contrary, by resolutions of the Senate and House of Commons and two-thirds of the provinces (seven) having at least 50% of the population of all the provinces combined.
Was patriation of the Constitution good for Canada?
The Constitution was patriated on April 17, 1982, without the consent of the Quebec legislature, but the Supreme Court of Canada subsequently ruled that the patriation process had respected Canada's laws and conventions, and that the Constitution, including the Constitution Act, 1982, was in force throughout Canada.
Is Canada really independent?
Canada has complete sovereignty as an independent country, however, and the Queen's role as monarch of Canada is separate from her role as the British monarch or the monarch of any of the other Commonwealth realms. Canada, like some other Commonwealth nations, maintains the Queen as head of state.
Is Canada fully independent from Britain?
Queen Elizabeth II gave royal assent to the Canada Act on March 29, 115 years to the day after Queen Victoria, her great-great-grandmother, had approved the federation act of 1867. Thus the last legal tie with Great Britain was severed, and Canada became a fully sovereign state.
Was patriation of the Constitution good for Canada?
The Constitution was patriated on April 17, 1982, without the consent of the Quebec legislature, but the Supreme Court of Canada subsequently ruled that the patriation process had respected Canada's laws and conventions, and that the Constitution, including the Constitution Act, 1982, was in force throughout Canada.
When was Canada's Constitution patriated?
The Constitution was "patriated" from the United Kingdom in 1982. When Canada was created, it was a self-governing British colony. The British North America Act, 1867, codified many constitutional rules for Canada, but major changes to the Constitution could only be made by the United Kingdom Parliament.
What is Section 35 of the Canadian Constitution?
35 (1) The existing aboriginal and treaty rights of the aboriginal peoples of Canada are hereby recognized and affirmed. (2) In this Act, aboriginal peoples of Canada includes the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.
What does the Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantee?
(a) freedom of conscience and religion; (b) freedom of thought, belief, opinion and expression, including freedom of the press and other media of communication; (c) freedom of peaceful assembly; and. (d) freedom of association.
What is the process of te e patriation?
t. e. Patriation is the political process that led to full Canadian sovereignty, culminating with the Constitution Act, 1982. The process was necessary because under the Statute of Westminster 1931, with Canada's agreement at the time, the British parliament had retained the power to amend Canada's Constitution Acts (Statute of Westminster sec.
What was the Quebec patriation?
Patriation was given a new impetus after the 1980 referendum on Quebec independence, before which Trudeau promised a new constitutional agreement if the majority of Quebecers voted "No". After a number of days of negotiation and the leak of the Kirby Memo which antagonized Quebec, by an "internal federal source", after provincial premiers consulted at the Chateau Laurier, drafted a list of 10 powers to be devolved to the provinces in exchange for consent to patriation. Trudeau, when presented with the document, refused to accept it and reiterated his threat that he would seek the House of Commons' approval to proceed with a unilateral amendment. Faced with Premier of Manitoba Sterling Lyon 's charge that it would "tear the country apart", Trudeau responded that, if Canada could not have control of its own constitution and a charter when most provinces had their own, the country would deserve to be torn apart.
Is Canada a sovereign country?
The queen's constitutional powers over Canada were not affected by the act. Canada has complete sovereignty as an independent country, however , and the Queen's role as monarch of Canada is distinct from her role as the British monarch or the monarch of any of the other Commonwealth realms.
Did Trudeau threaten to take the case for patriation straight to the British parliament?
Trudeau rejected the proposed document out of hand and again threatened to take the case for patriation straight to the British parliament " [without] bothering to ask one premier." The federal Cabinet and Crown counsel took the position that if the British Crown—in council, parliament, and on the bench—was to exercise its residual sovereignty over Canada, it did so at the request of the federal ministers of the Crown only. Further, officials in the United Kingdom indicated that the British parliament was under no obligation to fulfill any request for legal changes made by Trudeau, particularly if Canadian convention was not being followed.
Examples of parturition in a Sentence
Recent Examples on the Web Few women can relate to platformed parturition, but most understand Ms. Haart’s quest for comfort. — Katharine K. Zarrella, WSJ, 27 Oct. 2021 His mother paced the spacious birthing stall, working off the pains of parturition, with half the placenta, neatly tied up by an attending stable hand, still hanging out of her.
History and Etymology for parturition
borrowed from Medieval Latin parturītiōn-, parturītiō "act of giving birth" (Late Latin, "bringing forth, travail"), from Latin parturīre "to be in labor, be ready to give birth" + -tiōn-, -tiō, suffix of action nouns — more at parturient
Charter of Rights
At this point, it was unclear how much provincial support Trudeau needed to patriate and amend the Constitution. Legally, any change required the approval of the British Parliament. By political custom and convention, however, the more the provincial governments supported the federal patriation process, the better.
Gang of Eight
The constitutional resolution, with the new Charter of Rights and Freedoms as its centerpiece, was offered to a special joint parliamentary committee for study. It was harshly criticized. The first parliamentary committee to have its sittings televised, it was petitioned by 914 individuals and 294 groups. It sat for more than 65 days.
The Courts Weigh In
Meanwhile, the Patriation Reference case was weaving its way through the Supreme Court . In February 1981, the Manitoba Court of Appeal decided 3–2 in favour of Ottawa. In April, the Quebec Superior Court of Appeal also supported Ottawa in a 4–1 decision.
Supreme Court Decision
On 28 September 1981, the Supreme Court brought down its judgement. ( See Patriation Reference .) It found that Ottawa was legally allowed to make this request of the British Parliament.
Four Dramatic Days
On the first day of the four-day conference, the federalist side appeared to take the initiative. Premiers Bill Davis (Ontario) and Richard Hatfield (New Brunswick) offered compromise proposals. Davis proposed foregoing Ontario’s traditional veto over constitutional change.
The "Kitchen Accord"
In the meantime, various ministers and advisors from the different provinces had been meeting privately to discuss other options. By the end of the third day, the broad lines of a possible compromise agreement were emerging. What followed was a complex series of manoeuvres. Several individuals played key roles at crucial points.
Constitution Act, 1982
By 5 November 1981, the constitutional fight was essentially over. In the next few weeks, Indigenous peoples and women’s groups lobbied successfully to reinstate certain clauses that had been dropped in the late-night compromise. The resolution was sent to England for relatively quick approval through the British Parliament.
Why do we do repatriation ceremonies?
A repatriation ceremony would help bury the ignominious squabbles of the past.
What is repatriation in museums?
the act or process of returning a person or thing to the country of origin: If conditions allow, refugees can be offered the option of voluntary repatriation rather than resettlement in countries offering asylum. Museums are increasingly facing pressure from formerly colonized countries seeking repatriation ...
Where are covert repatriation squads from?
For years, covert repatriation squads from China have tracked their targets in all manner of quintessentially American settings, from quiet housing tracts to suburban chain restaurants to immigrant business districts.
Did the government make arrangements for repatriation?
The Government declined to make any arrangement for their repatriation.
Is the Met embroiled in repatriation disputes?
The Met has been embroiled in repatriation disputes, and those will continue to pile up.
What does expatriation mean?
Expatriation is the voluntary departure from one’s native country to another country to live there permanently or for an extended period of time.
What is the process of expatriation?
So expatriation is the act or process of becoming an expatriate. The word expatriate can refer to people who have been forced to live in another country (such as due to having been exiled or banished ), but it most commonly refers to people who have chosen to relocate to work in the new country or to retire there.
What is the process of bringing someone back to the country where they have citizenship?
The related word repatriation refers to the process of bringing or sending a person back to the country where they have citizenship.
What does it mean to leave a country?
Voluntarily leaving the nation of one's birth for permanent or prolonged residence in another country.
Where did the word "expatriation" come from?
The first records of the word expatriation come from the 1800s. It ultimately comes from the Latin expatriāre, meaning “to banish,” from ex-, “out of,” and patria, “native land.”
Is "expat" the same as "immigration"?
If the word expatriation sounds like it has just about the same meaning as the word immigration, that’s because it does. But expatriation is used much more narrowly. It can imply (or is at least associated with) a certain amount of wealth and privilege—things not implied by or associated with the word immigration. The word expatriate is especially applied to Westerners and used by them to refer to themselves. A common and informal short form is expat.
Where did Al-Essa patriate?
Al-Essa patriated in the Science and Technology in Society Forum in the western city of Kyoto earlier this week, in which he underlined the importance of education system to enhance social innovation and sustainability in Kuwait.
What does "transfer" mean in law?
to transfer (legislation) to the authority of an autonomous country from its previous mother country.
Is Quebec still a patriated country?
With the failure of the Charlottetown Accord of 1992, Quebec has still not signed onto the patriated Constitution of 1982, proving the old adage that 'Canada is a country that does not work in theory but works in practice.'.
Overview
Patriation is the political process that led to full Canadian sovereignty, culminating with the Constitution Act, 1982. The process was necessary because under the Statute of Westminster 1931, with Canada's agreement at the time, the British parliament had retained the power to amend Canada's Constitution Acts (Statute of Westminster sec. 7(1)), and to enact more generally for Canada at the request and with the consent of the Dominion (sec. 4). That authority was remove…
Etymology
The word patriation was coined in Canada as a back-formation from repatriation (returning to one's country). Prior to 1982, power to amend the Canadian constitution was held by the Parliament of the United Kingdom (subject in some respects to request and consent from Canada); hence some have felt that the term patriation was more suitable than the term repatriation (returning something). The term was first used in 1966 by Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson in response to …
Early attempts
From 1867, the Constitution of Canada was primarily contained in the British North America Act, 1867, and other British North America Acts, which were passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Several Canadian prime ministers, starting with William Lyon Mackenzie King in 1927, had made attempts to domesticize the amending formula, but could not obtain agreement with the provincial …
Patriation achieved
Patriation was given a new impetus after the 1980 referendum on Quebec independence, before which Trudeau promised a new constitutional agreement if the majority of Quebecers voted "No". After a number of days of negotiation and the leak of the Kirby Memo which antagonized Quebec, by an "internal federal source", after provincial premiers consulted at the Chateau Laurier, draf…
Legal questions
As constitutional scholar Robin White has noted, some might think that, since the Canada Act 1982 is British as well as Canadian law, the United Kingdom could theoretically repeal it and declare its laws to be binding in Canada. Peter Hogg, however, disputes this view, noting that since Canada is now sovereign, the Supreme Court of Canada would find a British law which purported to be binding in Canada just as invalid in Canada "as a law enacted for Canada by Port…
Explanatory notes
1. ^ The conference was held between 27 and 30 November 1967 on the 54th floor of the newly finished Toronto-Dominion Bank Tower. The summit was convened by Ontario Premier John Robarts and attended by all the other provincial premiers except W.A.C. Bennett.
2. ^ The Victoria Charter formula was chosen due to it being unanimously accepted at that conference in 1972, which eventually failed on other grounds; An amendment would require the approval of Ontario, …
External links
• The Road to Patriation
• "Patriation of the Constitution" in The Canadian Encyclopedia
• Giving Credit Where Credit's Due: Rewriting the Patriation Story