Full Answer
What does the name Philomela mean?
The name means "lover of fruit", "lover of apples", or "lover of sheep".
What is Philomela associated with?
Philomela in British English (ˌfɪləʊˈmiːlə ) noun. Greek mythology. an Athenian princess, who was raped and had her tongue cut out by her brother-in-law Tereus, and subsequently was transformed into a nightingale.
Who is Philomela and Tereus?
In Greek mythology, Philomela was the daughter of Pandion, a legendary king of Athens. Her sister Procne married Tereus, king of Thrace, and went to live with him in Thrace. After five years, Procne wanted to see her sister.
What did the gods turn Procne and Philomela into?
But the gods took pity and changed them all into birds—Tereus into a hoopoe (or hawk), Procne into a nightingale, and Philomela into a swallow. This version was made famous in Sophocles' lost tragedy Tereus. In Ovid's Metamorphoses, Book VI, Procne becomes the swallow and Philomela the nightingale.
Who married Philomela?
Tereus kills himself and then two birds appear when the women in Athens are lamenting his death. In Biblioteca, Tereus married Procne, had a son with her and then hid her in the country. He returns home and tells Procne's sister Philomela that Procne is dead. Tereus then marries Philomela and cuts out her tongue.
Who Rescued Philomela from the forest?
The two sisters fled into the woods, pleading with the gods to aid their escape. And this being a Greek myth, the gods didn't disappoint. Procne was magically transformed into a swallow, while Philomela was changed into a nightingale, her lost voice replaced with the most beautiful birdsong the gods could muster.
Who is Philomela in the waste land?
When Procne revealed the truth to her husband, he pursued the sisters with his sword drawn. At this point the Gods intervened, and transformed the three into birds. Procne became a swallow, Philomela a nightingale, and Tereus the sharp-beaked hoopoe.
How was Philomela rescued?
He abandoned her and arrived back in Thrace alone, saying that Philomela had died. Meanwhile, Philomela, unable to speak, created a tapestry about what happened to her. Procne saw it and rescued Philomela. Procne was so enraged over what Tereus did that she killed Itys, their son, and served him as food to his father.
What was procris killed with?
1636 - 1637. Fearing she was a victim of infidelity, Procris followed her beloved Cephalus to a clearing in the woods, where he was resting during a hunting expedition. The young woman´s jealousy led her to her death when Cephalus mistook her for wild game and shot her with an arrow.
Who was Princess Procne?
Procne (/ˈprɒkni/; Ancient Greek: Πρόκνη, Próknē [pró. knɛː]) is a minor figure in Greek mythology. She was an Athenian princess as the elder daughter of a king of Athens named Pandion.
Is Tiresias a man or woman?
In Greek mythology, Tiresias (/taɪˈriːsiəs/; Ancient Greek: Τειρεσίας, romanized: Teiresías) was a blind prophet of Apollo in Thebes, famous for clairvoyance and for being transformed into a woman for seven years. He was the son of the shepherd Everes and the nymph Chariclo.
Who accompanies Procne and helps her to rescue Philomela from the cabin?
After Procne weaves and embroiders to create a tapestry informing her sister of what has happened, Philomela sends for her sister and the two plan to escape with Itys in tow.
What is the name of the Greek god Philomela?
Philomela ( / ˌfɪləˈmiːlə /) or Philomel ( / ˈfɪləˌmɛl /; Greek: Φιλομήλη, Philomēlē) is a minor figure in Greek mythology who is frequently invoked as a direct and figurative symbol in literary and artistic works in the Western canon .
Where is the story of Philomela?
The story of Philomela in myth. The most complete and extant rendering of the story of Philomela, Procne, and Tereus can be found in Book VI of the Metamorphoses of the Roman poet Ovid (Publius Ovidius Naso) (43 BC – AD 17/18), where the story reaches its full development during antiquity. It is likely that Ovid relied upon Greek ...
What is the song that Philomela was turned into?
Early Greek sources have it that Philomela was turned into a swallow, which has no song; Procne was turned into a nightingale, singing a beautiful but sad song in remorse. Later sources, among them Ovid, Hyginus, and the Bibliotheca of Pseudo-Apollodorus, and in modern literature the English romantic poets like Keats write that although she was tongueless, Philomela was turned into a nightingale, and Procne into a swallow. Eustathius ' version of the story has the sisters reversed, so that Philomela married Tereus and that Tereus lusted after Procne.
What did Philomela do to Procne?
Rendered unable to speak because of her injuries, Philomela wove a tapestry (or a robe) that told her story and had it sent to Procne. Procne was incensed and in revenge, she killed her son by Tereus, Itys (or Itylos), boiled him and served him as a meal to her husband. After Tereus ate Itys, the sisters presented him with the severed head of his son, and he became aware of their conspiracy and his cannibalistic meal. He snatched up an axe and pursued them with the intent to kill the sisters. They fled but were almost overtaken by Tereus at Daulia in Phocis. In desperation, they prayed to the gods to be turned into birds and escape Tereus' rage and vengeance. The gods transformed Procne into a swallow and Philomela into a nightingale. Subsequently, the gods would transform Tereus into a hoopoe.
What did Tereus do to Philomela?
Arriving in Thrace, he forced her to a cabin or lodge in the woods and raped her. After the assault, Tereus threatened her and advised her to keep silent. Philomela was defiant and angered Tereus. In his rage, he cut out her tongue and abandoned her in the cabin. In Ovid 's Metamorphoses Philomela's defiant speech is rendered (in an 18th-century English translation) as:
What is the nightingale in the myth of Philomela?
While the myth has several variations, the general depiction is that Philomela, after being raped and mutilated by her sister's husband, Tereus, obtains her revenge and is transformed into a nightingale ( Luscinia megarhynchos ), a bird renowned for its song.
Who lusts for Philomela?
However, Tereus lusted for Philomela when he first saw her, and that lust grew during the course of the return voyage to Thrace. "The Rape of Philomela by Tereus", book 6, plate 59. Engraved by Johann Wilhelm Baur for a 1703 edition of Ovid's Metamorphoses.
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Why is Philomela unable to speak?
It is often difficult to speak of times that cause anger, pain, or grief. In the case of Philomela, she is physically unable to speak of her rage towards Tereus because her tongue has been cut out. When she displays the head of Itys to Tereus, she wishes more than anything that she could speak.
Why does Philomela weave a tapestry?
In response to Tereus’s efforts to censor her, Philomela weaves a tapestry to communicate the crime of Tereus. She responds again to tyrannical power and overcomes the attempt to censor her.V This bold act recalls Arachne, who weaves a tapestry depicting the ways in which gods abused mortals. In the stories of Arachne and Philomela we can see weaving as a metaphor for poetic composition, since Ovid and these two women tell the same stories through different media.
How does Tereus rape Philomela?
In a way, Tereus rapes Philomela’s speech by taking her ability to speak out against him.I
Overview
Philomela or Philomel (/ˈfɪləˌmɛl/; Greek: Φιλομήλη, Philomēlē; Φιλομήλα Philomḗla) is a minor figure in Greek mythology who is frequently invoked as a direct and figurative symbol in literary and artistic works in the Western canon.
Family
Philomela was known as being the "princess of Athens" and the younger of two daughters of Pandion I, King of Athens, and the naiad Zeuxippe. Her sister, Procne, was the wife of King Tereus of Thrace. Philomela's other siblings were Erechtheus, Butes and possibly Teuthras.
Mythology
While the myth has several variations, the general depiction is that Philomela, after being raped and mutilated by her sister's husband, Tereus, obtains her revenge and is transformed into a nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos), a bird renowned for its song. Because of the violence associated with the myth, the song of the nightingale is often depicted or interpreted as a sorrowful lament. I…
Appearances in the Western canon
The material of the Philomela myth has been used in various creative works—artistic and literary—for the past 2,500 years. Over the centuries, the myth has been associated with the image of the nightingale and its song described as both exceedingly beautiful and sorrowful. The continued use of the image in artistic, literary, and musical works has reinforced this association.
See also
• List of rape victims from ancient history and mythology
• 196 Philomela, main-belt asteroid
Notes
1. ^ Apollodorus, 3.15.1
2. ^ Stephanus of Byzantium, Ethnica s.v. Thespeia
3. ^ Kaplan, Matt (4 March 2009). "Male Nightingales Explore by Day, Seduce by Night". National Geographic News. Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 23 November 2012.
External links
• Media related to Philomela and Procne at Wikimedia Commons