- Hydrogen and Helium - Major Components of the Sun The sun is chemically composed of hydrogen and helium. ...
- The Core According to astrophysicists, this is the hottest zone/part of the sun. ...
- The Radiative Zone In this zone, the temperature is much lower than in the core. It ranges from 2-7 million Kelvin, depending on the distance from the core. ...
- The Convective Zone This is the outermost layer of the sun. It consists of heavier materials that are partially ionized. ...
- The Photosphere This is the part of the sun that we see from the earth. ...
- The Solar Atmosphere - Important Part and Feature of the Sun The solar atmosphere is divided into three zones: chromosphere, corona and heliosphere. Chromosphere. ...
- Other Features and Components
Which elements are the main components of the Sun?
What are the outer layers of the Sun and what are their characteristics?
- The three outer layers of the Sun are its atmosphere.
- The layers are, from inside to outside, the photosphere, the chromosphere, and the corona.
- The corona is the halo around the Sun.
- Sometime you should try to see a total solar eclipse.
- If you do, you will see the Sun’s corona shining out into space.
Which elements is most abundant in the Sun?
Most Abundant Element in the Universe . Right now, the most abundant element in the universe is hydrogen. In stars, hydrogen fuses into helium. Eventually, massive stars (around 8 times more massive than our Sun) run through their supply of hydrogen. Then, the core of helium contracts, supplying enough pressure to fuse two helium nuclei into ...
What are the two elements the Sun is mostly made out of?
The sun is mostly composed of the elements hydrogen (H) and helium (He). By mass the composition of the sun is 75 percent hydrogen and 25 percent helium. Various metals make up less than 0.1 percent of the mass of the sun.
What are two elements makeup the Sun?
The sun is mostly composed of the elements hydrogen (H) and helium (He). By mass the composition of the sun is 92.1% hydrogen and 7.9% helium. Various metals make up less than 0.1% of the mass of the sun. The temperature of the sun’s surface is about 10,340 degrees Fahrenheit (5,726 degrees Celsius).
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What elements are found in the Sun?
This portion of the solar spectrum shows fingerprints of several elements in our star, including hydrogen, sodium, iron, and calcium.
What are the elements that make up the Sun's core?
Q: Does the Sun contain elements other than helium, such as uranium and iron, in its core? A: Hydrogen and helium are by far the most abundant elements found in the Sun, making up about 98 percent of its mass, but other, heavier elements play an important role in the physical processes that occur in the Sun.
Which elements are heavier than helium?
The next three elements heavier than helium — lithium, beryllium, and boron — are sometimes formed as intermediate products during the fusion process. Elements even heavier than these are present throughout the Sun.
What are the elements that make up the Sun?
What elements make up the Sun (eg. iron oxygen....etc)? The predominant element in the Sun is hydrogen, and then helium: by mass, it is 70% hydrogen, 28% helium, 1.5% carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, and 0.5% all other elements (iron, nickel and a few lighter elements).
Is the Sun a first generation star?
More interestingly, we know that the Sun is not big enough to make the 0.5% "other" elements for itself: this means that the Sun is not a first generation star but formed in a region where more massive, violent stars once lived. This page was last updated Jan 28, 2019. The Sun. Elements. Composition. Hydrogen.
What is the ionized element in the solar atmosphere?
The Corona - The ionized elements within the corona (or solar atmosphere) glow in the x-ray and extreme ultraviolet wavelengths. NASA instruments can image the Sun's corona at these higher energies since the photosphere is quite dim in these wavelength.
Which layer of the Sun is sculpted by magnetic field lines that restrain the electrically charged solar plasma?
The Chromosphere - This relatively thin layer of the Sun is sculpted by magnetic field lines that restrain the electrically charged solar plasma. Occasionally larger plasma features, called prominences, form and extend far into the very tenuous and hot corona, sometimes ejecting material away from the Sun.
Which layer of the Sun is sculpted by magnetic field lines?
The Convection Zone - Energy continues to move toward the surface through convection currents of the heated and cooled gas. The Chromosphere - This relatively thin layer of the Sun is sculpted by magnetic field lines ...
How many elements are there in the Sun?
Abundance of elements. Astronomers who have studied the composition of the sun have catalogued 67 chemical elements in the sun. There may be more, but in amounts too small for instruments to detect. Here is a table of the 10 most common elements in the sun: Element. Abundance (pct.
What is the Sun made of?
The sun is a big ball of gas and plasma. Most of the gas — 91 percent — is hydrogen. It is converted into energy in the sun's core. The energy moves outward through the interior layers, into the sun's atmosphere, and is released into the solar system as heat and light.
What is the color of the sun during a solar eclipse?
The light passes through the outer layers of the sun's atmosphere — the chromosphere and the corona. We usually can't see these layers, but during a total solar eclipse, the chromosphere looks like a red rim around the sun, and the corona forms a white crown with plasma streamers spreading outward. The chromosphere gets its red color from the abundance of hydrogen, according to the National Solar Observatory.
What does the chromosphere look like?
We usually can't see these layers, but during a total solar eclipse, the chromosphere looks like a red rim around the sun, and the corona forms a white crown with plasma streamers spreading outward. The chromosphere gets its red color from the abundance of hydrogen, according to the National Solar Observatory.
How deep is the Sun's atmosphere?
It extends from about 125,000 miles (200,000 km) deep up to the visible surface or the sun's atmosphere. The temperature drops below 3.5 million degrees F (2 million degrees C) in the convective zone, where hot plasma bubbles up toward the surface. The convective motions carry heat quite rapidly to the surface, ...
Which layer of the Sun is the place where the energy is released?
The convective motions carry heat quite rapidly to the surface, which is the bottom layer of the sun's atmosphere, or photosphere. This is the layer where the energy is released as sunlight. The light passes through the outer layers of the sun's atmosphere — the chromosphere and the corona.
What is the temperature of the Sun?
The temperature of the sun in this layer is about 27 million degrees Fahrenheit (15 million degrees Celsius). Hydrogen atoms are compressed and fuse together, creating helium. This process is called nuclear fusion. As the gases heat up, atoms break apart into charged particles, turning the gas into plasma.
What is the Sun?
Our Sun. Our Sun is a yellow dwarf star, a hot ball of glowing gases at the heart of our solar system. Its gravity holds the solar system together, keeping everything – from the biggest planets to the smallest particles of debris – in its orbit. The connection and interactions between the Sun and Earth drive the seasons, ocean currents, weather, ...
What temperature does the Sun get?
The surface of the Sun – the part we can see – is about 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit (5 ,500 degrees Celsius).
How does gravity affect the solar system?
Its gravity holds the solar system together, keeping everything – from the biggest planets to the smallest particles of debris – in its orbit. The connection and interactions between the Sun and Earth drive the seasons, ocean currents, weather, climate, radiation belts, and auroras. Though it is special to us, there are billions ...
What is the largest object in our solar system?
The Sun is the largest object in our solar system. Its diameter is about 865,000 miles (1.4 million kilometers). Its gravity holds the solar system together, keeping everything from the biggest planets to the smallest bits of debris in orbit around it.
How long will the Sun last?
Scientists predict the Sun is a little less than halfway through its lifetime and will last another 6.5 billion years before it shrinks down to a white dwarf. A 3D model of the Sun, our star. Credit: NASA Visualization Technology Applications and Development (VTAD) › Download Options. Structure.
How many Earths does it take to fill the Sun?
The Sun’s volume would need 1.3 million Earths to fill it.
Why can't we live on the Sun?
The Sun could not harbor life as we know it because of its extreme temperatures and radiation. Yet life on Earth is only possible because of the Sun’s light and energy.
What are the elements that make up the Sun's energy?
into helium. 7. in their cores. Two atoms of hydrogen are combined in a series of steps to create helium-4. These reactions account for 85% of the Sun’s energy. The remaining 15% comes from reactions that produce the elements beryllium and lithium.
How are elements formed?
How elements are formed. Our world is made of elements. 1. and combinations of elements called compounds. An element is a pure substance made of atoms that are all of the same type. At present, 116 elements are known, and only about 90 of these occur naturally. Explore topics.
What elements were formed in the Big Bang?
Elements and the ‘Big Bang’ theory. ’, only the lightest elements were formed – hydrogen and helium along with trace amounts of lithium and beryllium. As the cloud of cosmic dust. from the Big Bang cooled, stars formed, and these then grouped together to form galaxies.
What is the world made of?
Our world is literally made up of elements formed deep within the cores of stars now long dead. As Britain’s Astronomer Royal Sir Martin Rees said, “We are literally the ashes of long dead stars.” When you buy a party balloon that floats in air, it is filled with helium gas – most of which was created when the universe was only 3 minutes old!
What is an element?
element: A substance made of atoms that all have the same atomic number. Elements cannot be split into simpler substances using normal chemical methods. universe: All matter and energy, including the Earth, the galaxies and the contents of intergalactic space, regarded as a whole.
What element was discovered by allowing fast neutrons to collide with the common isotope of ura?
Scientists discovered that, by allowing fast neutrons to collide with the common isotope of uranium known as U-238 in a nuclear reactor, the ‘new’ element plutonium was made.
What is the element number 10?
Neon – element number 10 on the periodic table – is an inert gas discovered by Sir William Ramsay in 1898. It is used in making neon advertising signs.
What is the Sun's energy?
The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, heated to incandescence by nuclear fusion reactions in its core, radiating the energy mainly as visible light and infrared radiation. It is by far the most important source of energy for life on Earth. Its diameter is about 1.39 million kilometres (864,000 miles), or 109 times that of Earth. Its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth; it accounts for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System. Roughly three quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen (~73%); the rest is mostly helium (~25%), with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon and iron.
How much hydrogen is in the Sun's core?
The Sun's core fuses about 600 million tons of hydrogen into helium every second, converting 4 million tons of matter into energy every second as a result. This energy, which can take between 10,000 and 170,000 years to escape the core, is the source of the Sun's light and heat.
How long is the Sun's rotational period?
In a frame of reference defined by the stars, the rotational period is approximately 25.6 days at the equator and 33.5 days at the poles.
What type of star is the Sun?
The Sun is a G-type main-sequence star that comprises about 99.86% of the mass of the Solar System. The Sun has an absolute magnitude of +4.83, estimated to be brighter than about 85% of the stars in the Milky Way, most of which are red dwarfs. The Sun is a Population I, or heavy-element-rich, star. The formation of the Sun may have been triggered by shockwaves from one or more nearby supernovae. This is suggested by a high abundance of heavy elements in the Solar System, such as gold and uranium, relative to the abundances of these elements in so-called Population II, heavy-element-poor, stars. The heavy elements could most plausibly have been produced by endothermic nuclear reactions during a supernova, or by transmutation through neutron absorption within a massive second-generation star.
What is the meaning of the word "sol"?
In English, the Greek and Latin words occur in poetry as personifications of the Sun, Helios ( / ˈhiːliəs /) and Sol ( / ˈsɒl / ), while in science fiction Sol may be used as a name for the Sun to distinguish it from other stars. The term sol with a lower-case s is used by planetary astronomers for the duration of a solar day on another planet such as Mars.
How much of the Sun's mass is hydrogen?
Its mass is about 330,000 times that of Earth; it accounts for about 99.86% of the total mass of the Solar System. Roughly three quarters of the Sun's mass consists of hydrogen (~73%); the rest is mostly helium (~25%), with much smaller quantities of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon and iron.
Where is the Trundholm Sun Chariot?
The sculpture is probably c. 1350 BC. It is displayed at the National Museum of Denmark.
