what is a cyclone in science

What is a cyclone definition?

A cyclone is an atmospheric system of rapidly circulating air massed about a low-pressure center, usually accompanied by stormy often destructive weather. Storms that begin in the Southern Pacific are called cyclones. Clockwise in the southern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere. Commonly quite strong.

What are the different types of cyclones?

• Typhoons
• Hurricanes
• Tropical Cyclone

What does cyclone mean?

cyclone ( ˈsaɪkləʊn) n 1. (Physical Geography) another name for depression 6 2. (Physical Geography) a violent tropical storm; hurricane [C19: from Greek kuklōn a turning around, from kukloun to revolve, from kuklos wheel] cyclonic, cyˈclonical, ˈcyclonal adj cyˈclonically adv Cyclone ( ˈsaɪkləʊn) adj

What are the types of tropical cyclones?

Cyclones are common during the wet season. Average temperature ranges in Maputo are from 13 to 24 °C (55.4 to 75.2 °F) in July and from 22 to 31 °C (71.6 to 87.8 °F) in February. In 2019 Mozambique suffered floods and destruction from the devastating cyclones Idai and Kenneth. This is the first time two cyclones have struck the southern ...

What is a cyclone simple definition?

Definition of cyclone (Entry 1 of 2) 1a : a storm or system of winds that rotates about a center of low atmospheric pressure, advances at a speed of 20 to 30 miles (about 30 to 50 kilometers) an hour, and often brings heavy rain. b : tornado.

What is cyclone in one word answer?

Answer: A cyclone is a giant spinning storm caused by the winds blowing around a central region of low atmospheric pressure.

What is a cyclone Class 6?

Cyclone is defined as the mass of air that rotates around the centre of low pressure on a large scale. Cyclone is characterized by inward spiralling winds, rotating clockwise (Southern Hemisphere) or anticlockwise (Northern Hemisphere). Cyclone.

Where is a cyclone?

Tropical cyclones occur around the equator at 5 ° - 30 °, but also have varying names depending upon where in the world they form. Tropical cyclones initially move westward (owing to easterly winds) and slightly towards the poles.

What is a cyclone for Class 7?

A cyclone is a weather condition consisting of a system of high-speed winds revolving around a central area of very low pressure. Cyclones develop over tropical seas. It is a violent storm with a wind speed of 150-250 km/h. It is accompanied by strong winds and heavy rains.

What is a cyclone for kids?

A cyclone is a powerful spinning storm that contains strong winds and rain that swirl around a calm eye, or center. Cyclones form as warm, moist air rises over the waters of the South Pacific and Indian Ocean forming clouds and wind. When the wind speeds exceed 74 miles per hour, the storm becomes a cyclone.

What is a cyclone Class 8?

A cyclone is a region of low atmospheric pressure. It occurs as a swirling atmospheric disturbance, accompanied by powerful cyclonic winds blowing in a clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in an anti-clock wise direction in the Southern hemisphere. The winds travel usually at speeds of over 300 km/h.

What are cyclones for Class 5?

It is a tropical storm with winds blowing in large spiral around a relatively calm center known as 'eye'. It is formed over warm water. The eye can extend up to 50 Km and the hurricane may extend outward by hundreds of kilometer.

What is cyclone Wikipedia?

In meteorology, a cyclone (/ˈsaɪ. kloʊn/) is a large air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure, counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere as viewed from above (opposite to an anticyclone).

What causes a cyclone?

Cyclone is system of winds rotating inwards at a high speed with the area of low pressure in the middle. Tropical cyclones are formed only over warm ocean waters near the equator. When warm, moist air over the ocean rises upward from near the surface, a cyclone is formed.

How cyclone is formed?

A cyclone is formed when the warm, moist air rises upward over the ocean. As this air moves up, there is a formation of a low-pressure area below. Now the low-pressure area is filled with the high-pressure air from the surroundings. Again, the next batch of cool air gets warm and moist over the ocean moving upward.

What is a cyclone also called?

Tropical cyclones, also known as typhoons or hurricanes, are among the most destructive weather phenomena. They are intense circular storms that originate over warm tropical oceans, and have maximum sustained wind speeds exceeding 119 kilometres per hour and heavy rains.

What is a cyclone Class 8?

A cyclone is a region of low atmospheric pressure. It occurs as a swirling atmospheric disturbance, accompanied by powerful cyclonic winds blowing in a clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in an anti-clock wise direction in the Southern hemisphere. The winds travel usually at speeds of over 300 km/h.

What is a cyclone Brainly?

Expert-verified answer A large-scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure in the counterclockwise and clockwise directions is called a cyclone. A cyclone's center is called a cyclone eye is the area of the lowest atmospheric pressure in the region.

What causes of cyclone?

What Are the Causes of a Cyclone?Warm temperature at sea surfaces.Coriolis force impact area that forms a low-pressure zone.Atmospheric instability.Increased humidity in the lower to middle levels of the troposphere.Low vertical wind shear.Pre-existing low-level disturbance or focus.

How is cyclone formed?

Cyclone is system of winds rotating inwards at a high speed with the area of low pressure in the middle. Tropical cyclones are formed only over warm ocean waters near the equator. When warm, moist air over the ocean rises upward from near the surface, a cyclone is formed.

Name a few cyclone warning systems in India.

Area Cyclone Warning Centres, Cyclone Warning Centre and National Cyclone Warning Centre are a few cyclone warning systems in India.

Name the states that were affected by the Amphan cyclone in India.

West Bengal and Odisha were affected by the Amphann cyclone in India.

Name the states that were affected by the Nisarga cyclone in India.

Goa and Maharashtra are the states that were affected by the Nisarga cyclone in India.

Which is the strongest cyclone in India?

The 1970 Bhola cyclone is considered to be the strongest cyclone in India.

Name the states of India that are impacted by the tropical cyclones.

Every year close to 2-4 tropical cyclones impact different states of India. The most affected region is the east coast of India which includes Tami...

What are the characteristics of a cyclone?

There are a number of structural characteristics common to all cyclones. A cyclone is a low-pressure area. A cyclone's center (often known in a mature tropical cyclone as the eye ), is the area of lowest atmospheric pressure in the region. Near the center, the pressure gradient force (from the pressure in the center of the cyclone compared to the pressure outside the cyclone) and the force from the Coriolis effect must be in an approximate balance, or the cyclone would collapse on itself as a result of the difference in pressure.

What is the term for the development and strengthening of a tropical cyclone?

At this point an occluded front forms where the warm air mass is pushed upwards into a trough of warm air aloft, which is also known as a trowal. Tropical cyclogenesis is the development and strengthening of a tropical cyclone.

How do extratropical cyclones occlude?

Later in their life cycle, extratropical cyclones occlude as cold air masses undercut the warmer air and become cold core systems. A cyclone's track is guided over the course of its 2 to 6 day life cycle by the steering flow of the subtropical jet stream .

What planets have cyclones?

Cyclones have also been seen on extraterrestrial planets, such as Mars, Jupiter, and Neptune. Cyclogenesis is the process of cyclone formation and intensification. Extratropical cyclones begin as waves in large regions of enhanced mid-latitude temperature contrasts called baroclinic zones.

What is an extratropical cyclone?

An extratropical cyclone is a synoptic scale low-pressure weather system that does not have tropical characteristics, as it is connected with fronts and horizontal gradients (rather than vertical) in temperature and dew point otherwise known as "baroclinic zones".

What is a tornado?

A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. Also referred to as twisters, a colloquial term in America, or cyclones, although the word cyclone is used in meteorology, in a wider sense, to name any closed low-pressure circulation.

What is a tropical storm?

A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a low-pressure center and numerous thunderstorms that produce strong winds and flooding rain. A tropical cyclone feeds on heat released when moist air rises, resulting in condensation of water vapour contained in the moist air.

What is a cyclone?

Cyclone refers to any spinning storm that rotates around a low-pressure center. The low-pressure center is also referred to as the 'eye' of the storm, which is well known for being eerily calm compared with the areas under the spinning 'arms' of the storm.

What is the meaning of the word "cyclone"?

However, all cyclones are spinning storms that rotate around a low-pressure center. This means that hurricanes, typhoons and tornadoes are all types of cyclones. What makes each cyclone unique is its location.

What happens when condensation builds up?

This condensation forms a cloud in the sky, and if enough condensation builds up, it falls back to the ground. As the rain falls, cool air is drawn down with it as a downdraft. When the updraft and downdraft team up, they form a thunderstorm cloud, which is like a diving board for cyclone formation.

What are the effects of a cyclone?

No matter what type of cyclone you are talking about, there is always a great potential for damage to human life, livelihoods and the environment. Tornadoes have indiscriminate paths and the cyclones themselves can be several miles wide.

How are low pressure centers similar to cyclones?

The two mechanisms are similar because a low pressure center promotes convergence of air and rising motion at the surface, similar to how the motion of the water increases around the edges of the cyclone in a bottle. In case of leakage, students may need to add more duct tape or tighten the Twister Tube.

What is the weakest category of cyclone?

They are called category 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, increasing with intensity and wind speed as the number increases. A category 1 cyclone is the weakest, with wind speeds of 74-95 mph. A category 5 cyclone, on the other hand, is extremely dangerous and has the potential for major damage.

Why is it important to know the location of a storm?

Location, location, location! This is especially important when we're talking about ocean storms because the location of the storm determines what we call it. For example, if the storm occurs in the Atlantic Ocean and Northeast Pacific, it's called a hurricane. If the exact same type of storm occurs in the Northwest Pacific, this is a typhoon.

What is a cyclone?

The word cyclone is also used colloquially to refer to much smaller rotating phenomena, such as tornadoes and dust devils —which may, in fact, rotate in an anticyclonic direction. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Subscribe Now.

How big are tropical cyclones?

Whereas extratropical cyclones range from nearly 1,000 to 4,000 km (620 to 2,500 miles) across, tropical cyclones typically measure only about 100 to over 1,000 km in diameter. They also tend to be more violent than those occurring in the midlatitudes and can cause considerable damage.

What latitudes are cyclones located at?

Cyclones that form closer to the Equator (i.e., at latitudes 10° to 25° north and south over the oceans) differ somewhat in character from the extratropical variety.

Why are anticyclones called anticyclones?

Anticyclones are so called because they have a flow opposite to that of cyclones— i.e., an outward-spiralling motion, with the winds rotating clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern. These winds are usually not as strong as the cyclonic variety and commonly produce no precipitation.

Where do cyclones track?

The principal cyclone tracks lie over the oceans, regularly traversing to the east of both mountain barriers and continental coastlines. Differences in spatial extent and wind rotation between an extratropical cyclone and an anticyclone in the Northern Hemisphere over the United States.

Where do cyclonic winds occur?

Cyclonic winds move across nearly all regions of the Earth except the equatorial belt and are generally associated with rain or snow. Also occurring in much the same areas are anticyclones, wind systems that rotate about a high-pressure centre.

What landmasses interfere with air currents?

There, continental landmasses extend from the Equator to the Arctic, and large mountain belts interfere with the midlatitude air currents, giving rise to significant variations in the occurrence of cyclones (and anticyclones). Certain tracks are favoured by the wind systems.

When was the first cyclone in Queensland?

The first recorded cyclone to hit was on March 8, 1878. McLeish (2017) discusses five of the most devastating cyclones to hit Queensland: TC Mahina (March 4, 1899), TC Mackay (January 21, 1918), TC Innisfail (March 10, 1918), TC Larry (March 20, 2006), and TC Yasi (February 3, 2011). Subsequent to Yasi, there have been smaller cyclones to hit ...

What is a hurricane?

Hurricanes are defined as “severe cyclones, or revolving storms, originating over the equatorial regions of the Earth, accompanied by torrential rain, lightning, and winds with a speed greater than 74 miles per hour ” ( U.S. Geological Survey, 2013 ). Of course, a revolving storm with winds of 65 miles per hour will also be devastating, even if it is not officially classified as a hurricane. In the United States, we’ve grown accustomed to hearing about Category 3 or Category 4 storms. Hurricane Katrina was alternately classified as a Category 4 and Category 5 storm because the wind speed changed over time. Hurricane Sandy, which started out as a tropical cyclone, was classified as a Category 3 then downgraded to a Category 2 when it hit land. That didn’t stop it from bringing commerce to a grinding halt for days after it hit in late October, 2012.

What is the second most expensive cyclone in Australia?

Officially, Cyclone Debbie is recognized as Australia’s second most expensive cyclone ( Insurance Council of Australia, 2018 ). In this category, four cyclones crossed the coast at Airlie Beach on March 28 and in the week that followed caused extensive damage across the two states.

What are hurricanes called?

Cyclones, hurricanes, and typhoons! In the Northwest Pacific, they are known as “typhoons”; in the North Atlantic, central North Pacific, and eastern North Pacific, they are called “hurricanes”; and, in the South Pacific and Indian Ocean, they are referred to as “cyclones.” These powerful storms develop in oceans across the world and encroach on coastal areas, wreaking damage through various mechanisms, such as strong gusty winds, torrential rain, storm surges, flooding, and landslides.

How do tropical storms form?

Although these storms share common characteristics in formation and impact, the term used is determined by wind speed and location. These storms form over warm water and draw energy from the evaporation of water as they pass over the ocean surface. The storms begin simply as an area of low pressure and thunderstorms called a tropical disturbance. As the warm air causes water to evaporate, it creates lift in the low pressure area. The rising warm, moist air releases energy as it cools and condenses into rain clouds. The process continues building energy in the rainclouds which can erupt into a violent storm encompassing hundreds of square miles. As the winds begin to rotate over the warm water, energy continues to build, eventually creating a hurricane, typhoon, or tropical cyclone. Throughout this chapter, the term “hurricane” will be used.

What was the name of the storm that hit Queensland in 2017?

In 2017 Cyclone Debbie was dubbed “Lazy Cyclone Debbie” as it progressed slowly across Queensland and NSW ( SBS News, 2017 ). The slow movement of this system meant that exposure to high winds and heavy rain was extended and the potential for destruction intensified.

How many cyclones have hit Queensland?

It was noted that the Queensland east coast has been hit by 207 cyclones since 1858, with the majority making landfall in North Queensland ( Hind, 2011 ).

What is a cyclone?

A cyclone is “a device without moving parts in which the velocity of an inlet gas stream is transformed into a confined vortex from which centrifugal forces tend to drive the suspended particles against the wall of the cyclone body” [11].

How do cyclones work?

Cyclones (see Figure 6.3) are devices used for removing particles from a gas stream by vortex separation. A high-speed rotating flow is established within a cylindrical or conical container. Air flows in a spiral pattern, traveling the length of the cylinder before exiting the cyclone via a straight stream flowing in the center of the cyclone out of the top. Particles denser than air have too much inertia to follow the tight curve of the stream and strike the side walls. The particles then fall down to the bottom of the cyclone, where they can be removed. Increases in particle density, particle diameter, gas stream velocity, and rotational passes all lead to increased removal efficiencies. The maximum removal efficiency of cyclones is 90%. Limitations include low efficiency for small-diameter particles and high energy costs for volumetric flow requirements, and they are prone to internal corrosion/erosion ( Hutter, 1997 ).

What is a cyclone warning?

Cyclone warnings are issued to inform people about the imminent cyclone hazard, to advise them to take defensive measures for minimizing potential losses and, sometimes, to mandate evacuation to cyclone shelters or other safer buildings. To fulfill this objective, a warning system encompasses both forecasting the danger and communicating the appropriate warnings. The SWC, a specialized unit of the BMD, prepares all weather forecasts and cyclone warnings for the general public as well as for sea ports, river ports, and all other user agencies, such as health administrators, relief and rehabilitation authorities, NGOs, the media, and local administrative personnel (Paul, 2009; Choudhury, 2001 ). Forecasting involves continuous observation of various weather parameters over a wide area. Both national and international data are monitored closely for preparing forecasts and warnings. With relatively well-equipped forecasting instruments and an upgraded telecommunication system, the BMD now has a 48-h warning system in place that allows people to evacuate to cyclone shelters and other safer buildings usually hours before a cyclone makes landfall. Cyclone warnings are sent by the SWC directly to the National Coordination Committee, which is chaired by the Prime Minister and includes representatives of both the government of Bangladesh and CPP. The SWC issues special weather bulletins soon after the formation of tropical depressions. Fig. 7.2 illustrates SWC's cyclone warning message dissemination system to the at-risk population.

What type of cyclone is used for coal beneficiation?

The cyclones used for beneficiation of fine coal are of two types – water-only cyclones and heavy-medium (HM) cyclones. The former type of cyclones is designed such that the cone angle is made relatively longer and no heavy medium is required for separation.

What is the process of separation of a cyclone?

The separation process of a cyclone relies on the centrifugal accelerations that are produced when particle-laden fluid experi ences a rapidly swirling motion in the cyclone. The larger the particle, the stronger the centripetal acceleration it acquires and, therefore, the easier it is for the particle to be collected.

What temperature can a cyclone reactor separate?

Some cyclone reactors can separate cracking catalyst from vaporized reaction products in the range of 950°F and 1000°F, or can function as regenerators for flue gases between 1250°F and 1500°F. In both cases, the high particle velocities can cause rapid erosion of the cyclone material.

What is a cyclone dust collector?

Cyclones are a very common type of dry dust collector used in coal-handling and preparation plants (Fig. 12.6). They are sometimes used as a preseparator for separation of coarser dust from the air stream in order to reduce the load on the secondary dust collectors. Sign in to download full-size image. Figure 12.6.

What is a Cyclone?

In simple words, a cyclone is used as a general term for a weather system in which winds revolve inwardly to an area of low atmospheric pressure. The large-scale air mass that rotates around a centre of low atmospheric pressure happens counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere.

Types of Cyclones

Tropical cyclones with maximum sustained surface winds which are of less than 39 mph are called tropical depressions. Tropical storms are those with maximum sustained winds of 39 mph or higher. When the storm is at the maximum sustained winds that reach 74 mph, then they are called hurricanes or typhoons.

What is the Structure of a Cyclone?

There are certain characteristics that can be found similar in all types of cyclones. A cyclone is a low-pressure area. A cyclone’s centre, which is known as the eye, is the area of the lowest atmospheric pressure in the region.

Ways to Prevent Cyclones

Planting trees to prevent cyclone damage. This helps to reduce the damage that is caused by the redirecting winds.

What is a cyclone?

A cyclone is a general term for a weather system in which winds rotate inwardly to an area of low atmospheric pressure. For large weather systems, the circulation pattern is in a counterclockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and a clockwise direction in the Southern Hemisphere. Types of cyclones include tropical cyclones, ...

What are the different types of cyclones?

Types of cyclones include tropical cyclones, extratropical cyclones and tornadoes. A tropical cyclone is a rotating low-pressure weather system that has organized thunderstorms but no fronts. They form over warm ocean waters. Tropical cyclones with maximum sustained surface winds of less than 39 mph are called tropical depressions.

What is a tropical storm with a maximum sustained wind of 74 mph called?

When a storm’s maximum sustained winds reach 74 mph they are called hurricanes or typhoons.

Why do extratropical cyclones form outside of the tropics?

Extratropical cyclones are low-pressure systems that form outside of the tropics in response to a chronic instability of the westerly winds. Because this instability is dependent on large horizontal temperature contrasts, concentrated regions of temperature change known as fronts characterize extratropical cyclones.

How fast can a tornado go?

The most violent tornadoes are capable of tremendous destruction with wind speeds of up to 300 mph.

What is a cyclone?

English Language Learners Definition of cyclone. : an extremely large, powerful, and destructive storm with very high winds that turn around an area of low pressure. See the full definition for cyclone in the English Language Learners Dictionary.

What is the speed of a tornado?

1 : a storm or system of winds that rotates about a center of low atmospheric pressure and that moves forward at a speed of 20 to 30 miles (30 to 50 kilometers) an hour and often brings heavy rain. 2 : tornado.

How fast does a tornado move?

1 a : a storm or system of winds that rotates about a center of low atmospheric pressure, advances at a speed of 20 to 30 miles (about 30 to 50 kilometers) an hour, and often brings heavy rain. b : tornado. c : low entry 2 sense 1b.

Overview

Nomenclature

Structure

Formation

Synoptic scale

Mesoscale

Other planets

See also