Normal values (conventional units)
| Test | SI Units | Conventional (US Units) |
| Amylase | 500-1200 u/L | 500-1200 u/L |
| Bilirubin-Total | 0 – 6.84 u/L | 0.0-0.5 mg/dL |
| Bilirubin-Direct | 0 – 1.71 u/L | 0.0 – 0.1 mg/dl |
| BUN | 6.069 – 12.495 mmol/L | 17 – 35 mg/dl |
Full Answer
What are the dangers of high bilirubin in cats?
What causes high bilirubin levels in cats?
- Poor or loss of appetite.
- Sudden weight loss.
- Weight loss.
- Jaundice (yellowing of gums, whites of the eyes or skin)
- Increased thirst.
- Vomiting or diarrhea.
- Changes in behavior.
- Excessive drooling.
What can cause high liver values in cats?
Several abnormalities may be seen on blood and urine tests:
- Bilirubin levels may be elevated in the blood and urine
- ‘Liver enzymes’ can be measured in the blood – these are enzymes that are produced in liver cells and if there is damage to the liver (or perhaps obstruction to ...
- Bile acids – these are produced by the liver and are important in the digestion of fat in the intestine. ...
What causes elevated liver enzymes in cats?
Hematology/biochemistry/urine analyses will test for:
- Anemia
- Irregularities in thrombocytes (clot promoting blood platelets)
- Abnormally high liver enzyme activity, or liver enzymes spilling out into the bloodstream, signaling liver damage – tests will look for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes in ...
- Impairment of protein synthesis
What is the normal level of Alt in cats?
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Appetite loss
- Lethargy (tiredness)
- Increased drinking and/or urination
- Weight loss or weight gain
- Abdominal pain or enlargement
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What is considered high bilirubin in cats?
The degree of elevation in total bilirubin is cited as a nonspecific but generally guides to the most likely location or etiology of the problem: 3 to 6 mg/dL is associated with prehepatic hemolysis, FIP, pancreatitis, and sepsis. Greater than 12 mg/dL is associated with hepatic lipidosis and EHBO.
At what level is bilirubin a concern?
The level of bilirubin that is harmful is around 20. Reaching a level this high is rare. High levels need to be treated with bili-lights.
How can I lower my cats bilirubin fast?
Treatment. The treatment of jaundice will depend on its cause, but your cat may need to be hospitalized. Supportive care and treatment may include IV fluids, antibiotics, vitamin K, anti-emetics, pain medications, supplements like silybin and SAMe, and even assisted feeding.
What is a good number for bilirubin?
Normal Results A normal level is: Direct (also called conjugated) bilirubin: less than 0.3 mg/dL (less than 5.1 µmol/L) Total bilirubin: 0.1 to 1.2 mg/dL (1.71 to 20.5 µmol/L)
How high is bilirubin before death?
An elevation greater than 20 mg/dL suggests severe liver disease. In patients with hepatitis-induced acute liver failure, a serum total bilirubin level > 17.5 mg/dL (300 mmol/L) is a criterion for predicting death and the need for liver transplantation.
Is a bilirubin level of 1.9 high?
It is normal to have some bilirubin in the blood. A normal level is: Direct (also called conjugated) bilirubin: 0 to 0.3 mg/dL. Total bilirubin: 0.3 to 1.9 mg/dL.
What are the signs of liver failure in cats?
Because the liver is involved in many crucial functions, a cat with liver disease may show a wide variety of symptoms. These may include lethargy, anorexia (loss of appetite), weight loss, weakness, jaundice (yellowing of the skin, eyes and gums), vomiting, diarrhea and behavioral changes.
Can a cat's liver heal itself?
The liver also regenerates well, which means that recovery is often possible even after severe liver disease.
Can a cat recover from liver failure?
The cat liver has a high regeneration rate and the disease will eventually reverse assuming that irreparable damage has not been done to the liver. The best method to combat feline hepatic lipidosis is prevention and early detection.
What happens if bilirubin is high?
If too much bilirubin is in your bloodstream it can cause jaundice, which can make your skin and eyes turn yellow. The results of the bilirubin test and signs of jaundice can help your doctor check your liver and determine if you have liver disease. A bilirubin test is also used to determine jaundice in newborns.
What foods cause high bilirubin?
This includes:Iron. Being mindful of iron intake is important. ... Fat. High-fat and fried foods should be eaten in moderation or eliminated completely, as they can cause fat buildup in the liver. ... Sugar. Refined sugar, high-fructose corn syrup, and other forms of processed sugar can also cause fat buildup in the liver. ... Salt.
How do you get rid of bilirubin?
However, following these four tips can help you boost overall liver health in addition to medical guidance.Stay hydrated. Staying hydrated helps lower bilirubin levels by facilitating the removal of waste from the body. ... Consume fresh fruits and vegetables. ... Increase your intake of fiber. ... Avoid alcohol.
Where is bilirubin stored?
This conjugated form may either be stored in the liver cells or excreted into the bile.
Why is bilirubin elevated?
It is elevated when there is acute damage to liver cells and sometimes with Cushing’s disease. Bilirubin: This is a major breakdown product of red blood cells. When red blood cells wear out, the spleen traps and destroys them, releasing bilirubin into the blood. This type of bilirubin is called unconjugated.
Where is potassium found in cats?
Most potassium is found in the body’s cells. Cats obtain it through their diet. Kidneys control levels of potassium by excreting excess via the urine.
What does low albumin mean?
Low levels of albumin in the blood can be a sign of liver disease. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a hydrolase (a group of enzymes that catalyses the hydrolysis of a compound) enzyme produced by the liver. It is present in high concentrations in the liver cells.
How to diagnose hepatic lipidosis in cats?
Veterinarians diagnose hepatic lipidosis based on a cat's history, physical examination findings, blood tests, and abdominal ultrasonography. The diagnosis is confirmed by analyzing a sample of the liver taken with an ultrasound-guided needle. To diagnose some causes of hepatic lipidosis, a larger biopsy must be taken during surgery.
How do you know if your cat has liver disease?
Signs that a cat has liver disease can vary and include loss of appetite, vomiting , stomach ul ceration, diarrhea, fever, blood clotting problems, jaundice, abdominal swelling , excessive urination and thirst, changes in liver size, weight loss, and occasionally gastrointestinal bleeding. A variety of blood tests can help detect ...
What tests can be done to determine liver size?
A variety of blood tests can help detect and diagnose liver disease. X-rays and ultrasonography can help your veterinarian determine liver size and find irregularities, gallstones, and diseases of the gallbladder.
Why does my cat have a cholecystitis?
Inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis) is usually caused by bacterial infections that start in the intestines and either travel up the bile duct or are spread through the blood. Other causes include body-wide diseases, tumors, abdominal trauma, and obstruction of the bile duct. Loss of appetite, abdominal pain, jaundice, fever, and vomiting are common signs. The cat may be in a state of shock due to abdominal inflammation.
Why is my cat's liver failing?
Because the liver can help protect the body from bacterial infections, cats with liver failure or with longterm liver disease are more susceptible to bacterial infections in other parts of the body.
What is the best diet for cats with liver disease?
The diet usually recommended for cats with liver disease is typically easy to digest and high in calories. Some liver disorders require modifications of fat or protein or supplementation with certain vitamins. Follow the specific advice provided by your veterinarian. It may be best to feed small, frequent meals.
How many cats die from a cat virus?
Outbreaks of the virus usually occur in shelters and catteries, resulting in the death of 33–60% of affected cats. Adult cats are most severely affected. Signs include fever, loss of appetite, swelling of the limbs and face, jaundice, hair loss, and sores on the nose, lips, ears, and feet.
Where is bilirubin stored in cats?
This conjugated form may either be stored in the liver cells or excreted into the bile. Bilirubin levels are increased in cats with liver disease, gallbladder disease or have excessive destruction of red blood cells (known as hemolysis ).
What are the liver enzymes in cats?
What are elevated liver enzymes? 1 Alanine transaminase (ALT) – This enzyme is found in high concentrations in the cat’s liver and smaller levels in the kidney, muscles, heart, and pancreas. If liver cells are injured, inflamed or unable to function properly (due to fatty infiltration or blocked bile duct) increased levels of ALT will be released into the bloodstream. 2 Aspartate transaminase (AST) – Found in many tissues and body fluids of the body including the liver, heart, and skeletal cells, this enzyme is released by both the heart and liver when the cells of these organs become damaged. 3 Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) – Produced by multiple organs including the liver, bones, intestines, and kidneys, elevated blood levels can rise in liver disease or bile duct blockage or if there are bone conditions such as cancers. It can also be elevated in cats with Cushing’s Syndrome.
What does low albumin mean in blood?
Low levels of albumin in the blood can be a sign of liver disease. Ammonia: A toxic byproduct of metabolism, the liver converts ammonia into urea, excreted out of the body via the urine. High levels of ammonia build-up in the bloodstream if the liver is unable to convert it to urea.
What is the ALP in cats?
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) – Produced by multiple organs including the liver, bones, intestines, and kidneys, elevated blood levels can rise in liver disease or bile duct blockage or if there are bone conditions such as cancers. It can also be elevated in cats with Cushing’s Syndrome.
Where is ALT found in cats?
Alanine transaminase (ALT) – This enzyme is found in high concentrations in the cat’s liver and smaller levels in the kidney, muscles, heart, and pancreas. If liver cells are injured, inflamed or unable to function properly (due to fatty infiltration or blocked bile duct) increased levels of ALT will be released into the bloodstream. ...
Which protein is the most abundant in the liver?
Albumin (ALB): The most abundant plasma protein, albumin formed principally in the liver. It maintains osmotic pressure and as such is extremely important in regulating the exchange of water between the plasma & interstitial compartment (space between cells).
What does bilirubin mean in a syringe?
The high bilirubin level means she has Hepatic Lipidosis (aka Fatty Liver disease). Below is a link that describes this. This is a very, very serious condition. You really need to get food into her asap, you can't force feed dry, you need to get wet food into her with a syringe. The longer you wait to get food into her, the less likely you will be able to reverse this.#N#You will need to thin the wet food with water and use a syringe to get it into her.#N#http://www.marvistavet.com/html/body_he ... dosis.html
What is the best diet for a cat?
Well, ideally the best diet for a cat is as much wet food as you can get in them. If you can do 100% wet...great. If not, getting to 75-80% wet is a reasonable compromise. There's a sticky at the top of the page on why wet is better than dry.
How to tell if a cat has liver disease?
Signs of liver disease. Signs of liver disease in cats are often very vague, such as: Inappetence. Lethargy. Weight loss. Depending on the cause and severity, other signs such as a fever, increased thirst or vomiting may also be seen.
Why are cats so susceptible to liver damage?
This is because cats lack some important pathways for metabolising some drugs and toxins that are present in other species.
What is the disease of a cat that causes a cat to bleed?
Amyloidosis and hepatic peliosis. Amyloidosis is a disease where a type of protein (called amyloid) is deposited within the liver, causing disruption and dysfunction of the liver, and predisposing the cat to liver rupture and bleeding into the abdomen. Some cats are genetically predisposed to this condition.
What does bile acid test tell you?
While elevated liver enzymes can give information about liver damage, the bile acid test generally gives some information about liver function.
Can bilirubin be elevated in urine?
Bilirubin levels may be elevated in the blood and urine. ‘Liver enzymes’ can be measured in the blood – these are enzymes that are produced in liver cells and if there is damage to the liver (or perhaps obstruction to the flow of bile) these enzyme concentrations in the blood can become elevated.
What is normal bilirubin level?
Normal bilirubin level is a bilirubin value that means there is no diseases could be found in the sources of synthesis, processing, and removing of bilirubin. normal bilirubin values lie between reference ranges, the lower limit, and the upper limit. Direct bilirubin 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 is normal results and cannot be a cause ...
What is it called when you have high bilirubin levels?
High indirect bilirubin level with normal or slightly elevated direct bilirubin, commonly seen by those with excessive hemolytic anemia for any cause and newborn jaundice due to new birth immaturity or RH incompatibility between mother and baby, may be called hemolytic jaundice, for example:
What does TBIL mean in bilirubin?
When your doctor requests bilirubin test, this means direct bilirubin (DBil), indirect bilirubin, and total-value bilirubin (TBil), the bilirubin test for the newborns is “total bilirubin and/or indirect bilirubin”. Hyperbilirubinemia, Jaundice, icterus are medical terms for high bilirubin level in the blood and urine, clearly, ...
What causes yellowish bilirubin?
Bilirubin Levels Chart is a table of common bilirubin levels that cause jaundice yellowish color of the skin and eyes sclera, includes normal bilirubin levels, high bilirubin levels, and low bilirubin levels in the same place.#N#Where bilirubin comes from and where bilirubin goes to?#N#Bilirubin comes from degradation of hemoglobin and cells breakdown by spleen or other organs, bilirubin enters blood stream as large insoluble molecule which has the term (unconjugated), when reaches the liver, hepatic cells perform chemical reaction to make bilirubin soluble in the blood by bound it to the glucuronic acid by the enzyme glucuronyltransferase which then called (conjugated), conjugated bilirubin go from the liver to the intestine and undergoes reduction to the form called stercobilirubin which give the stool its yellowish color, another part of direct bilirubin go to urine through the kidney after being transformed to a compound called urobilinogen (urine dye) which gives the urine the yellowish color.#N#Measuring Bilirubin at the lab: scientists measure conjugated bilirubin and report it as (direct bilirubin), and measures total bilirubin values, then calculated the unconjugated bilirubin by subtracting direct from total, the result is the estimated indirect bilirubin (unconjugated)#N#When your doctor requests bilirubin test, this means direct bilirubin (DBil), indirect bilirubin, and total-value bilirubin (TBil), the bilirubin test for the newborns is “total bilirubin and/or indirect bilirubin”#N#Hyperbilirubinemia, Jaundice, icterus are medical terms for high bilirubin level in the blood and urine, clearly, jaundice means a yellow discoloration of the skin and icterus means discoloration of the eyes, while kernicterus is a medical condition means brain cells damage due to high bilirubin lev
What is the condition called when bilirubin is elevated?
In Crigler-Najjar syndrome, at birth or in infancy the child show jaundice with Severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, if bilirubin is extremely elevated can cause condition called kernicterus, the accumulation of unconjugated bilirubin in the brain and nerve tissues and lead to brain damage and death.
Is a bilirubin level of 4.0 normal?
Total bilirubin level 0.9,0.8,0.7,0.6,0.5,0, and 4.0 are normal and not jaundice whatever is the result of direct and indirect bilirubin. Recommendation: if it’s the first time you take a bilirubin test, there is no further investigation when results is normal, if you’re on medication, then you’re just fine and continue to keep it normal.
Is bilirubin 0.3 a normal level?
Direct bilirubin 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 is normal results and cannot be a cause of jaundice unless indirect bilirubin continue to be high. Indirect bilirubin 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5,0.4, and 0.3 are all normal levels of blood bilirubin. Total bilirubin level 0.9,0.8,0.7,0.6,0.5,0, and 4.0 are normal and not jaundice whatever is the result ...
