A sprinkler deflector including a generally flat, elongate base having a central mounting hole and upwardly and outwardly V-shaped deflector arms is mounted between a sprinkler head and a riser. The sprinkler deflector is preferably a unitary piece and is made from a deformable material, such as aluminum or galvanized iron.
What is a fire sprinkler head deflector?
A fire sprinkler head’s deflector is made of metal, and it essentially acts as a springboard for the water. Water releases from within the sprinkler system and hits the deflector so that it can spray down and extinguish a fire. Each type of fire sprinkler head has a unique deflector because of the angle that it needs to spray water from.
How does a fire sprinkler system work?
The metal filament gradually melts under extreme heat until it drops and kicks the sprinkler system into high gear. Water rushes out of the system, hits the deflector, and sprays out of the head to extinguish the fire. 1. Upright If you have an open ceiling, then you probably have an upright fire sprinkler head.
How far should a sprinkler deflector be from the ceiling?
Get everyone on the same page and streamline code research. Under unobstructed construction, the distance between the sprinkler deflector and the ceiling shall be a minimum of 1 in. (25 mm) and a maximum of 12 in. (300 mm) throughout the area of coverage of the sprinkler.
What is a large water droplet sprinkler system?
A type of spray sprinkler that is capable of producing characteristic large water droplets and that is listed for its capability to provide fire control of specific high-challenge fire hazards.
How do you redirect a sprinkler head?
0:110:46Redirecting Sprinkler Heads - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipI can show you how to fix this with one simple adjustment. Well the sprinklers are running grab theMoreI can show you how to fix this with one simple adjustment. Well the sprinklers are running grab the stem in its base. And twist until the spray is directed back on to your landscape.
What are the parts of a sprinkler called?
Irrigation Sprinkler System Parts: Pumps & Much MoreWater pump. Water pumps are the heart of the irrigation system. ... Water Meter. The water meter, as you would assume, measures the amount of water used to irrigate the property. ... Pump Controller. ... Valve box. ... Sprinkler Shut-off valve. ... Backflow Prevention Device.
What are the three types of sprinkler head components?
#61 – Fire Sprinkler Head Types: Pendents, Uprights, Sidewalls, and Concealed.
What are the 2 types of sprinkler heads?
The two primary types of sprinklers are pop-up sprinklers, which are typically used in lawns, and fixed sprinklers, sometimes known as shrub head sprinklers. Pop-up heads are the most common types of sprinklers in an underground sprinkler system.
What are the 4 main parts of irrigation?
The main parts of a permanent irrigation system are the automatic timer, control valves, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes and risers, and sprinkler heads.
How much should it cost to replace a sprinkler valve?
The average cost to repair your sprinkler system is $75 to $250, with most homeowners paying $212. Most sprinkler repairs involve replacing sprinkler heads at $5 to $20 per head, or replacing valves at $20 to $40 per valve, not including the cost of labor of about $75 an hour by a professional plumber.
What is the red liquid in a sprinkler?
A glass bulb type sprinkler head will spray water into the room if sufficient heat reaches the bulb and causes it to shatter. Sprinkler heads operate individually. Note the red liquid alcohol in the glass bulb.
What liquid is inside a sprinkler head?
glycerin-The bulbs typically contain a glycerin-based liquid. As the air around the sprinkler head reaches the target temperature – usually 155F or 200F – the glycerin-based liquid expands. Once the target temp is reached, the liquid expands enough to burst the glass bulb.
How many sprinklers can you have on a zone?
Typically, though, a sprinkler system zone will boast 5 to 6 rotor heads and/or 8 to 10 spray heads.
What is the most efficient sprinkler head?
0:011:44What are high-efficiency sprinklers? - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipAnd it puts it down in bigger drops. So it gets to the landscape. Where you want it at a slower rateMoreAnd it puts it down in bigger drops. So it gets to the landscape. Where you want it at a slower rate.
Which sprinkler head is best to water lawn?
Sprayers and rotary heads work best the water pressure is less than 40 PSI. A rotary sprinkler head is most effective on lawns greater than 30 square feet. Most sprinkler heads are made of plastic and a few are manufactured with brass nozzles.
What sprinkler heads put out the most water?
Spray heads have a higher application rate than other sprinkler heads. Meaning they put out a lot of water fast.
What are sprinkler heads called?
There are three basic sprinkler head types– Spray Irrigation Heads and Spray Rotary Sprinkler Heads, Bubbler Irrigation Heads, and Drip or Soaker Systems. Each different sprinkler head will water your plants in the particular way they like.
What are the components of a standard sprinkler head?
Each sprinkler head consists of the deflector, fusible link or bulb, plug and the sprinkler head frame. If the temperature rises by more than 30°C relative to the ambient temperature, the sprinkler head fusible link or bulb trips thus allowing the water spray to eject the plug.
What are the components of a fire sprinkler system?
In addition to the water supply, piping, and sprinklers, these systems have other required components:Backflow Prevention Device. ... Control Valve. ... Main Drain. ... Auxiliary Drain. ... Fire Department Connection. ... Waterflow Alarm. ... System Air Vent.
What are the parts of an irrigation valve?
The main components of sprinkler valves are the diaphragm, solenoid, springs, and various gaskets or O-rings.
What is a deflector in a sprinkler?
Deflectors are directly responsible for the water getting where it needs to go. Sprinkler heads contain deflectors so that the water can spray outward, and water won’t get trapped in the ceiling or walls. A fire sprinkler head’s deflector is made of metal, and it essentially acts as a springboard for the water.
Why do sprinkler heads have a deflector?
Each type of fire sprinkler head has a unique deflector because of the angle that it needs to spray water from. Without a deflector, there is no way to guarantee that water will spray from the head and put out a flame.
What Is the Best Kind of Fire Sprinkler?
Upright and traditional pendent heads are the most effective. They can cover large spaces evenly and have fast response times. Sidewall sprinklers are the best option if you need to cover a small, cramped space.
What happens to the metal filament in a sprinkler system?
The metal filament gradually melts under extreme heat until it drops and kicks the sprinkler system into high gear. Water rushes out of the system, hits the deflector, and sprays out of the head to extinguish the fire.
What are the different types of fire sprinkler heads?
Upright, concea led, pendent, and sidewall heads are the main types of fire sprinkler heads. Upright, concealed, and pendent heads descend from the ceiling and spray water down. Sidewall fire sprinkler heads are used when there isn’t space for water pipes in the ceiling, and they spray water in a crescent shape.
Why do wet sprinklers work better than dry sprinklers?
Dry systems simply don’t work as well because water is more reliable and can quickly put out flames.
What is the purpose of fire sprinkler heads?
The components inside of a fire sprinkler head work together to detect extreme temperatures. It is important to understand how these components work and factor into the varieties of fire sprinkler heads.
What are the components of a fire sprinkler?
Components of a Fire Sprinkler. Today we're diving into the basic components of a fire sprinkler: Orifice (Opening) The orifice varies in size, but has a major impact on the sprinkler's k-factor which ultimately governs the sprinkler's relationship between flow and pressure. Opening sizes vary fairly dramatically but in general are not ...
What does the color of the glass bulb on a fire sprinkler mean?
Color of the liquid within the bulb indicate the listed activation temperature of the sprinkler (and can be found in NFPA 13 2002-2016 Table 6.2.5.1).
What size threading for sprinklers?
Threading. The nominal threading sizes range in quarter-inch increments from 1/2-inch to 1-1/4-inch (although some dry pendent shafts do have 1-1/2-inch threads). Thread size of sprinklers can be gathered in the field simply by measuring ...
What is a sprinkler deflector?
A sprinkler having special deflectors that are designed to discharge most of the water away from the nearby wall in a pattern resembling one quarter of a sphere, with a small portion of the discharge directed at the wall behind the sprinkler.
What is a sprinkler?
A type of sprinkler listed for its capability to provide fire control for a wide range of fire hazards. Spray sprinklers are available in two categories, Standard spray and extended coverage sprinklers.
What is Automatic Sprinkler?
A fire suppression or control device that operates automatically when its heat-activated element is heated to its thermal rating or above, allowing water to discharge over a specified area .
What is Sprinkler Identification Number (SIN)?
SIN consists of one or two characters identifying the manufacturer, followed by three or four digits to uniquely identify a sprinkler characteristics such as K-factor, deflector characteristic, pressure rating, and thermal sensitivity.
What is Thermal Sensitivity of Automatic Sprinklers?
A measure of the rapidity with which the thermal element operates as installed in a specific sprinkler or sprinkler assembly.
What are Sprinkler Types defined according to design and performance characteristics?
A type of sprinkler listed for its capability to provide fire control for a wide range of fire hazards . Spray sprinklers are available in two categories, Standard spray and extended coverage sprinklers.
What is a fast response sprinkler?
A type of fast-response sprinkler that has a thermal element with an RTI of 50 (meters-seconds)1∕2 or less and is listed for its capability to provide fire suppression of specific high challenge fire hazards.
How far should a sprinkler deflector be from the ceiling?
Under unobstructed construction, the distance between the sprinkler deflector and the ceiling shall be a minimum of 1 in. (25 mm) and a maximum of 12 in. (300 mm) throughout the area of coverage of the sprinkler.
How far down should sprinklers be from joists?
Sprinklers shall be permitted to be omitted from below the lower set of joists where at least 18 in. (450 mm) is maintained between the sprinkler deflector and the top of the lower joist.
How far down from the top chord member should sprinklers be installed?
Sprinklers shall be installed so that a row of sprinklers is installed within 12 in. (300 mm) horizontally of the peak and between 1 in. and 12 in. (25 mm and 300 mm) down from the bottom of the top chord member.
How far down slope should sprinklers be from the peak?
Under saw-toothed roofs, sprinklers at the highest elevation shall not exceed a distance of 36 in. (900 mm) measured down the slope from the peak.
Where should sprinklers be installed?
Unless the requirements of 8.6.4.1.5.2 are met, where two sets of joists are under a roof or ceiling, and no flooring is over the lower set, sprinklers shall be installed above and below the lower set of joists where a clearance of 6 in. (150 mm) or more is between the top of the lower joist and the bottom of the upper joist as indicated in Figure 8.6.4.1.5.1.
What is the minimum pressure for sprinklers?
Sprinklers installed where the dimension perpendicular to the slope exceeds 8 ft (2.4 m) shall have a minimum pressure of 20 psi (1.4 bar).
How far from the eaves of a house should sprinklers be installed?
Sprinklers shall be installed so that the sprinklers installed along the eave are located not less than 5 ft (1.5 m) from the intersection of the upper and lower truss chords or the wood rafters and ceiling joists.
Charts and code from NFPA help installers and facilities managers determine the distance required between fire sprinkler heads and objects
How much distance do fire sprinkler heads need from obstructions, whether permanent or temporary? It’s a concern with big impacts for every sprinklered building.
Fire sprinkler head obstructions are covered in NFPA 13 and NFPA 25
What is an obstruction? NFPA 13: Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems defines two types:
All standard spray fire sprinklers must reduce risks from a variety of objects
While NFPA 13 addresses the subject of obstructions largely by sprinkler type, all standard spray sprinklers share a few common provisions presented in chapter nine.
NFPA charts prescribe distances from obstructions to pendent or upright sprinklers
Each sprinkler must be positioned to minimize obstructions that prevent it from activating on time. Section 10.2.1.2 of NFPA 13 provides a few ways for pendent and upright sprinklers to comply with this requirement:
Sprinkler head obstruction distances on an opposite, adjacent, or the same wall as a sidewall sprinkler are slightly different
Standard spray sidewall sprinklers are especially sensitive to obstructions. As the NFPA 25 Handbook notes, these sprinklers are designed for unobstructed construction. While some obstructions are unavoidable, nearby light fixtures and beams that can be accounted for can prevent proper coverage.
Slight differences between two less-common fire sprinkler types give designers and installers much-needed flexibility
There are plenty of good reasons why most fire sprinklers are mounted in ceilings or on pipes just below them. Among them:
A short sidewall case study: apartment fire protection
For a great example of when these sprinklers do what others can’t, let’s watch one in action:
Vertical and horizontal models look similar but are easily distinguished by their deflectors
To tell a sidewall sprinkler head from another type, look at their deflectors. These small plates rest between the sprinkler’s orifice and the space it protects, shaping water as it sprays. While most sprinklers have a spoked circle, sidewall heads have a deflector that usually combines a semicircle and a flat plate that runs perpendicular to it.
Horizontal and vertical models have slightly different installation requirements
In 1996, professor and fire protection engineer Glenn Corbett described them—with more than a trace of irony—as “superhuman” sprinkler heads. His article for Fire Engineering drew attention to a concerning trend in fire protection to install sidewall sprinklers in ways that simply weren’t safe.
Horizontal and vertical models share most things in common, but a few differences are worth noting
These sprinkler types are very alike—so much so, that most manufacturers offer both styles with the same materials, finishes, and lists of approvals.
With globally recognized manufacturers competing for a share of the fire protection market, purchasers have a wide array of options
Sidewall sprinklers open a range of possibilities in a wide variety of buildings. They’re not quite “superhuman”—but they’re an impressive and helpful addition to any designer’s toolkit.
