How many US soldiers died in Desert Storm?
While the death toll among coalition forces engaging Iraqi combatants was very low, a substantial number of deaths were caused by accidental attacks from other Allied units. Of the 148 US troops who died in battle, 24% were killed by friendly fire, a total of 35 service personnel. A further 11 died in detonations of coalition munitions.
How many Americans died in Desert Storm?
U.S. Casualties: 147 battle deaths, 145 non-battle deaths, 1 missing in action. Army: 98 battle; 105 non-battle. Navy 5 battle; 8 non-battle; 1 missing in action. Marines: 24 battle; 26 non-battle. Air Force: 20 battle; 6 non-battle. Women killed, 15.
How many deaths in Operation Desert Storm?
Subtracting that 30,217 from the lowest figure supplied by Riley (80,000) would place the death toll from Desert Storm at 49,783 if present trends continue. Accepting the higher figure of 100,000 would mean the deaths of 69,783 Gulf War veterans — making Desert Storm more costly, in terms of American lives, than Vietnam.
How many total casualties in Desert Storm?
How many total casualties in Desert Storm? The United States and other Coalition troops sustained 190 troop deaths and 776 injuries on the battlefield. The Iraqi army suffered many, many more casualties with numbers ranging from 20,000-30,000 deaths and as much as 75,000 injured during Operation Desert Storm.
What is a huge sand storm called?
A haboob (Arabic: هَبوب, romanized: habūb, lit. 'blasting/drifting') is a type of intense dust storm carried on an atmospheric gravity current, also known as a weather front. Haboobs occur regularly in dry land area regions throughout the world.
What are dust storms called in AZ?
Dust storms (also called “haboobs”) are unexpected, unpredictable and can sweep across Arizona's desert landscape at any time. Dust storms can be miles long and thousands of feet high. You can endure these brief but powerful windstorms if you know how to react.
What is another name for sandstorm?
What is another word for sandstorm?duststormhabubhabūbdust stormhaboob
What is a sudden sand storm called?
Haboobs occur as a result of thunderstorm outflow winds. Strong thunderstorm winds can start a dust storm that can drastically reduce visibility.
Is a monsoon the same as a haboob?
History: this term has been used describe dust storms in general since at least the 1800s. In Arizona, the term went mainstream with the 1972 article, An American Monsoon. A haboob is a dust storm generated by the down drafts of a thunderstorm. Cold down drafts are more dense and move out ahead of the storm (outflow).
What's the difference between a haboob and a dust storm?
Dust storms can be caused by surface winds, keeping them much lower to the ground, while haboobs are caused by thunderstorm cells, which lift debris high enough in the air to earn the title of haboob.
Can a dust devil hurt you?
Thankfully, no one was hurt. Dust devils form in fair weather conditions. The sun will heat the ground and form a small area of low pressure which starts the circulation. The warmer air starts to rise to the cooler air above and with the air spinning will start to pick up dirt and dust.
What's another name for dust devil?
dust devil, also called sand devil, small, brief whirlwind occurring most frequently in the early afternoon when a land surface is heating rapidly. Dust devils are occasionally made visible by the lofting of dust, leaves, or other loose matter from the surface. See also whirlwind.
What were the worst dust storms called?
black blizzardsDuring the Dust Bowl period, severe dust storms, often called “black blizzards” swept the Great Plains.
Do deserts have thunderstorms?
Dry thunderstorms generally occur in deserts or places where the lower layers of the atmosphere usually contain little water vapor. Any precipitation that falls from elevated thunderstorms can be entirely evaporated as it falls through the lower dry layers.
Are there dust storms in Arizona?
The arid and semi-arid regions of Arizona are well known for their sudden dust storms on windy days and for their limitless vistas on quiet days. A dust storm usually arrives Suddenly in the form of an advancing dust wall, which may be miles long and several thousand feet high.
What is a microburst in Arizona?
The National Weather Service defines a microburst as a “localized column of sinking air within a thunderstorm and is usually less than or equal to 2.5 miles in diameter. Microbursts can cause extensive damage at the surface, and in some instances, can be life-threatening.
What are monsoons in Arizona?
Arizona's monsoon season begins in June and continues through September. With it comes higher humidity, which can lead to thunderstorms, heavy rain, lightning, hail, high winds, flash flooding, dust storms and extreme heat.
What damage does a haboob cause?
Strong haboobs can also bring damaging winds up to 60 mph that can topple trees and knock out power as dust is blown as high as 10,000 feet — or about seven times the height of the Empire State Building!
Where does rain come from in the Sonoran Desert?
Another manner in which rain comes to the Sonoran Desert is by tropical cyclones, which originate in the eastern part of the North Pacific, usually in the early fall. These giant storms have established some of the all-time records of monthly precipitation in the Sonoran Desert region.
How much rain does the Sonoran Desert get?
Generally speaking, the Sonoran Desert averages only three to fifteen inches (76 to 400 mm) of rain a year. In the Arizona Upland subdivision of the Sonoran Desert, rain falls about equally in two rainy seasons�a winter one in December and January, and a summer one in July through early September. August, September and December are the region�s wettest months; May and June are the driest. While there are local variations depending on elevation and proximity to mountains, this pattern basically holds for the entire area.
Why are the days of the Sonoran Desert so warm?
The dependability of our warm, cloudless, often windless, days is primarily the result of what's called the North Pacific high pressure zone, and is related to the circulation of the earth's atmosphere. (See the Communities of the Sonoran Desert Region"for more information.) Air that heats up at the equator rises, as warm air does, and moves poleward, until it cools enough to sink at roughly 30� latitude (north and south)�where many of the planet's deserts lie (see map on page 11). As this equatorial air descends upon the Sonoran Desert region, it creates a very stable and warm atmosphere. The rains stay away until the high pressure system weakens, allowing moisture to slip into the region.
What is the climate of the Sonoran Desert?
This area's climate is, in a word, dry. Ringed by mountains that keep the rain away for much of the year, the Sonoran Desert quietly bakes. Moist air moving east from the Pacific Ocean is forced to rise over the Cascades and Sierra Nevada, cooling as it rises. Since cool air cannot retain as much water vapor as warmer air can, the excess water precipitates. Moisture blowing in from the ocean is effectively drained, and the air that moves down the ranges' eastern slopes is usually so dry it cannot produce any more rain. This phenomenon, the rain shadow effect, describes such aridity on the inland side of coastal mountains.
How can the desert supply all this water?
How can the desert supply all this water? The answer is that it can't. Rainfall replenishes only a fraction of the fossil groundwater withdrawn every year from ancient aquifers laid down thousands of years ago. (The aquifer underlying central Tucson has fallen by more than 200 feet in the last 50 years.) To supplement depleting groundwater supplies, distant river basins are diverted through massive water projects to transport water into this arid region.
What is the monsoon?
The word monsoon refers to a system of winds that changes seasonally, bringing wet and dry periods to a region. In the Sonoran Desert, the summer monsoon consists of winds from the sea flowing inland to fill the partial vacuum created by rising continental air warmed by the summer sun. These winds bring moisture. The belt of westerlies shifts north in the summertime so that the Pacific high sits around 40� latitude, allowing moist air from the Pacific off of Baja California to move into the region.
How much water does a golf course use in the desert?
With per capita water use exceeding 300 gallons per day in Phoenix, the aridity of the desert seems to impose little restraint on these modern desert dwellers. New golf courses appear to spring up every week in our desert cities (Phoenix and Tucson alone had more than 200 public and private golf courses in 1998). This, despite the fact that each 18-hole golf course uses an average of 185 million gallons of water annually�the equivalent of 3500 single family homes!
What was the first missile used in Desert Storm?
Desert Storm saw the first use of the MIM-104C Patriot missile system in combat, where it was used to intercept Scud missiles. It was also the first time the Air Force used stealth and space systems support capabilities against a modern, integrated air defense.
What helicopter was used in Desert Shield?
U.S. Marines assigned to the 2nd Marine Division's Charlie Company, 1st Battalion, move out on a mission after disembarking from a CH-46E Sea Knight helicopter during Exercise Imminent Thunder, part of Operation Desert Shield.
What was the largest air campaign since the conflict in Southeast Asia?
Desert Storm became the largest air campaign since the conflict in Southeast Asia.
What is a storm with no precipitation called?
➤ A storm marked by high winds and no precipitation is called a wind storm . A violent, brief wind storm accompanied by rain is called a ‘squall’. On the other hand, a violent windstorm with air, snow, or hail is called a ‘tempest’.
What is a wind storm?
Wind Storm. ➤ A storm marked by high winds and no precipitation is called a wind storm. A violent, brief wind storm accompanied by rain is called a ‘squall’. On the other hand, a violent windstorm with air, snow, or hail is called a ‘tempest’.
What type of storm is a multicell storm?
Multicell line storms consist of a line of squalls leading the front. Multicell cluster storms can produce moderate size hail, flash floods, and weak tornadoes. Supercell storms are the most severe type of thunderstorm. They can produce strong downbursts, large hail, and occasional flash floods.
What is a storm?
Share it! A storm is a common natural phenomenon. When there is a newsflash about a storm approaching, it is important to know which type it is, since the precautions to be taken will differ accordingly. As such, ScienceStruck enlightens you about the different types of storms that occur.
What is the term for a storm that creates a precipitation in the form of solid ice?
Hailstorm. ➤ Thunderstorm clouds create hail when the rain they produce freezes before it hits the ground. Updrafts in the wind keep the frozen rain suspended, until it becomes too heavy to handle, and hits the ground in the form of hail. ➤ Hailstorms are a precipitation in the form of solid ice.
How long does a dust storm last?
Dust storms usually occur for a few minutes, to blowing for 50 straight days. ➤ A ‘haboob’ is a dust storm that can stand hundreds of feet high, but can dissipate at the same rate. It’s most commonly associated with Sudan and North America, An average life cycle is 10 to 30 minutes.
What is it called when snow falls on surfaces?
Ice Storm. ➤ When freezing rain persists for a long period of time, leading to the accumulation of snow on exposed surfaces, they are called ice storms. If the rain freezes in midair, then it will reach the ground in the form of sleet. Sleet is a mixture of snow and rain, but very translucent, unlike snow.
What is the name of the dust storm in Sudan?
In 1971, a group of scientists witnessed an Arizona dust storm so huge that they proposed calling it a haboob, the term used for the infamous dust storms in Sudan. Those people were not outsiders; they were Arizona scientists. Their article, "An American Haboob," was printed in the October 1972 issue of the Bulletin of the American Meteorological ...
Why are dust storms called haboobs?
In 1971, a group of scientists witnessed an Arizona dust storm so huge that they proposed calling it a haboob, the term used for the infamous dust storms in Sudan. Those people were not outsiders; they were Arizona scientists. Their article, "An American Haboob," was printed in ...
How long did the Arizona Dust Storm last?
The Arizona storm lasted about 48 minutes, and pilots reported the dust cloud reaching 8,000 feet. "Thus, it would appear from all of the accumulated evidence that the Arizona dust storm of 16 July 1971 was as good an example of a true haboob as those that occur in the Sudan," the article said. About half of the dust storms ...
How did dust storms form?
The dust storms formed, the article said, through a series of storm cells that intensify as they move from the Santa Cruz Valley into Phoenix. The Arizona weather cells are so close to one another that they "merge in what appears to be a solid wall of dust, reported by aircraft to extend upward to 8,000 feet.".
What is the name of the meteorologist who introduced the term "monsoon" to Arizona?
"Haboob" was the second Arabic term Robert Ingram introduced to describe Arizona weather. According to Ingram's son, also named Robert, the meteorologist introduced "monsoon" to the state, convincing Channel 12's then-weatherman, Frank Peddie, to incorporate it in forecasts in the 1950s.
When did the monsoon season start in Arizona?
The start of the monsoon has since been changed to June 15, regardless of air conditions.
Who was the head meteorologist for the National Weather Service?
Ingram was the head meteorologist with the National Weather Service. Pritchard's title could not be determined. The article contained a detailed study of a dust storm on July 16, 1971, saying it displayed "classic haboob characteristics.". Wind speed, a rise in humidity and a drop in air temperature all were in line with what one would expect ...
What is the most common cause of deserts?
These regions have unique geologic features not found in more humid environments. These features are most often caused by wind and water erosion in the stark desert environment.
How much precipitation does the desert receive?
Desert:Receiving less than 10 inches of precipitation annually.
Why do deserts have less vegetation?
Because of the factors above, deserts often have less vegetation to prevent erosion, which in turn leads to further barrenness through deflation-- the removal of silt and sand particles from the land surface by wind. Below are some geologic features and unique characteristics of the desert regions:
Why are deserts created?
Deserts are usually created because they are located in a rain shadow-- a dry region downwind of mountain ranges caused by air losing its moisture as it passes over mountains. Desert areas usually have internal drainage-- when streams drain toward landlocked basins rather than flowing eventually to the sea.
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What is the term for a ridge of rocks that has eroded over time?
Detritus:Boulders, rocks, gravel, sand, soil that has eroded from mountains over time. Dunes: Mounds of loose sand grains shaped up by the wind. Hogback: An eroded, steeply tilted ridge of resistant rocks with equal slopes on the sides.
What is an alluvial fan?
Alluvial Fan:A large, fan-shaped pile of sediment forming at the base of narrow canyons onto a flat plain at the foot of a mountain range.
What are the dust storms on Mars compared to?
Global dust storms on Mars have been compared to haboobs on Earth.
What direction do winds move during a thunderstorm?
During thunderstorm formation, winds move in a direction opposite to the storm's travel, and they move from all directions into the thunderstorm. When the storm collapses and begins to release precipitation, wind directions reverse, gusting outward from the storm and generally gusting the strongest in the direction of the storm's travel.
What is the difference between a tornado and a dust devil?
Most tornadoes are associated with a larger parent circulation, the mesocyclone on the back of a supercell thunderstorm. Dust devils form as a swirling updraft under sunny conditions during fair weather, rarely coming close to the intensity of a tornado.
How do dust devils form?
Dust devils form when a pocket of hot air near the surface rises quickly through cooler air above it, forming an updraft. If conditions are just right, the updraft may begin to rotate. As the air rapidly rises, the column of hot air is stretched vertically, thereby moving mass closer to the axis of rotation, which causes intensification of the spinning effect by conservation of angular momentum. The secondary flow in the dust devil causes other hot air to speed horizontally inward to the bottom of the newly forming vortex. As more hot air rushes in toward the developing vortex to replace the air that is rising, the spinning effect becomes further intensified and self-sustaining. A dust devil, fully formed, is a funnel-like chimney through which hot air moves, both upwards and in a circle. As the hot air rises, it cools, loses its buoyancy and eventually ceases to rise. As it rises, it displaces air which descends outside the core of the vortex. This cool air returning acts as a balance against the spinning hot-air outer wall and keeps the system stable.
What causes the dust Devil to spin?
The secondary flow in the dust devil causes other hot air to speed horizontally inward to the bottom of the newly forming vortex. As more hot air rushes in toward the developing vortex to replace the air that is rising, the spinning effect becomes further intensified and self-sustaining.
How does the Dust Devil sustain itself?
The dust devil is able to sustain itself longer by moving over nearby sources of hot surface air. As available hot air near the surface is channeled up the dust devil, eventually surrounding cooler air will be sucked in. Once this occurs, the effect is dramatic, and the dust devil dissipates in seconds.
Where are dust devils on Mars?
Dust devils also occur on Mars (see dust devil tracks) and were first photographed by the Viking orbiters in the 1970s. In 1997, the Mars Pathfinder lander detected a dust devil passing over it. In the first image below, photographed by the Mars Global Surveyor, the long dark streak is formed by a moving swirling column of Martian atmosphere. The dust devil itself (the black spot) is climbing the crater wall. The streaks on the right are sand dunes on the crater floor.
How big is a dust Devil?
A dust devil is a strong, well-formed, and relatively short-lived whirlwind, ranging from small (half a metre wide and a few metres tall) to large (more than 10 m wide and more than 1 km tall). The primary vertical motion is upward.
What conditions cause the vortex to form?
Flat barren terrain, desert or tarmac: Flat conditions increase the likelihood of the hot-air "fuel" being a near constant. Dusty or sandy conditions will cause particles to become caught up in the vortex, making the dust devil easily visible, but are not necessary for the formation of the vortex.
