what is acute retention of urine

by Madisen Williamson Published 2 years ago Updated 1 year ago

Common Causes

Sling procedures. Synthetic material (mesh) or strips of your body's tissue are used to create a pelvic sling underneath your urethra and the area of thickened muscle where the bladder ...
Bladder neck suspension. ...
Prolapse surgery. ...
Artificial urinary sphincter. ...

Related Conditions

age-related loss of bladder muscle strength
overdistention—a bladder that has been stretched such that the muscles are damaged
pregnancy and childbirth
trauma

What is the best treatment for urinary retention?

Urinary stones can also block the flow of urine out of your body. Urinary retention can also be caused by certain medications. Drugs like antihistamines (Benadryl®), antispasmodics (like Detrol®), opiates (like Vicodin®) and tricyclic antidepressants (like Elavil®) can change the way the bladder muscle works.

What are the dangers of urinary retention?

What causes urinary retention?

vaginal childbirth
infections of the brain or spinal cord
diabetes
stroke
accidents that injure the brain or spinal cord
multiple sclerosis
heavy metal poisoning
pelvic injury or trauma

What drugs can cause urinary retention?

Which condition may cause urine retention?

What are the possible Complications of Acute Urinary Retention?

How to treat acute urinary retention?

What is the tube that drains urine out of the body?

What happens if acute urinary retention is relieved?

What is the term for the inability to pass urine?

Where does urine go when it reaches a certain amount?

Where are urinary tract stones found?

See 4 more

What are the causes of acute urinary retention?

What causes urinary retention?enlarged prostate, or benign prostatic hyperplasia.bladder outlet obstruction, such as urethral stricture or scar tissue in the bladder neck.pelvic organ prolapse, including cystocele and rectocele.urinary tract stones, also called calculi.constipation.More items...

What is considered acute urinary retention?

Acute urinary retention happens suddenly and lasts only a short time. People with acute urinary retention are unable to urinate even though they have a full bladder. Acute urinary retention can cause severe pain and be life threatening.

Is acute urinary retention an emergency?

People with acute urinary retention cannot urinate at all, even though they have a full bladder. Acute urinary retention, a potentially life-threatening medical condition, requires immediate emergency treatment. Acute urinary retention can cause great discomfort or pain.

How serious is acute urinary retention?

Acute urinary retention is potentially life threatening. This condition requires medical attention right away. With acute urinary retention, a person cannot urinate at all, even though the bladder is full. This can be very painful.

What are signs of urinary retention?

The symptoms of urinary retention can range from severe abdominal pain and the inability to urinate, to few or no symptoms at all. Urinary retention results from either a blockage that partially or fully prevents the flow of urine, or your bladder not being able to maintain a strong enough force to expel all the urine.

How do doctors treat urinary retention?

With acute urinary retention, a health care professional will immediately drain the urine from your bladder using a catheter. Removing the urine from the bladder eases your pain and helps prevent your bladder and kidneys from being damaged.

Can urine retention be cured?

Urinary retention is treatable, and there is no need to feel embarrassed or ashamed. A doctor can often diagnose the problem. However, in some cases, a person may need a referral to a urologist, proctologist, or pelvic floor specialist for further testing and treatment.

Can a bladder burst with urinary retention?

Conclusion: Urinary retention can lead to serious complications, including bladder rupture.

Does drinking water help urinary retention?

In turn, the kidneys will only be able to make highly concentrated urine that irritates the bladder. Therefore, staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day is one of the essential pieces of any treatment plan for urinary retention.

Can urinary retention damage kidneys?

Kidney damage — Sometime urinary retention can cause urine to flow back into the kidneys. This is called reflux and can damage or scar the kidneys. Urinary incontinence (after prostate, tumour, or cancer surgery) — Transurethral surgery to treat an enlarged prostate can result in urinary incontinence in some men.

What is the best medication for urinary retention?

These medications can calm an overactive bladder and may be helpful for urge incontinence. Examples include oxybutynin (Ditropan XL), tolterodine (Detrol), darifenacin (Enablex), fesoterodine (Toviaz), solifenacin (Vesicare) and trospium chloride.

Can urinary retention affect the heart?

Bladder over-distension may lead to undesirable autonomic manifestations such as vomiting, bradycardia, hypotension, hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias, or even asystole.

How do you measure urinary retention?

How is urinary retention diagnosed?Physical examination — A physical exam of the lower abdomen will determine if you have a distended bladder by lightly tapping on the lower belly.Post void residual measurement — Using an ultrasound, this test measures the amount of urine left in the bladder after urination.

What amount of residual urine is considered abnormal?

A PVR volume of less than 50 mL is considered adequate bladder emptying; in the elderly, between 50 and 100 mL is considered normal. In general, a PVR volume greater than 200 mL is considered abnormal and could be due to incomplete bladder emptying or bladder outlet obstruction.

How long should a catheter be left in after urinary retention?

In general, the catheter stays in for 1-2 weeks. If the catheter is taken out early, the urethra will likely close again, you will be again unable to pee, and you will need to return to the ER to have another catheter inserted.

How much urine can a bladder hold?

Urinary bladder and urethra The urinary bladder can store up to 500 ml of urine in women and 700 ml in men. People already feel the need to urinate (pee) when their bladder has between 200 and 350 ml of urine in it.

Management of acute urinary retention - PubMed

Acute urinary retention (AUR) is a common urological emergency, characterized by a sudden and painful inability to pass urine. There is high variability within and among countries in its management, which can be explained not only by differences in access to care but also by a lack of harmonization …

Urinary Retention - Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

Urinary retention is the inability to pass the all the urine in your bladder. In some cases, you may not be able to pass any urine at all. This is known as acute urinary retention, which happens suddenly. If you have acute urinary retention, it is important to see a doctor right away.

Urinary Retention | Symptoms, Causes and Treatment | Patient

Urinary retention means that you are unable to empty your bladder completely. It may occur suddenly (acute urinary retention) or it may develop over a longer period of time (chronic urinary retention).

What is high pressure urinary retention?

High Pressure Urinary Retention refers to the urinary retention causing such high intra-vesicular pressures that the anti-reflux mechanism of the bladder and ureters is overcome and ‘backs up’ into the upper renal tract leading to hydroureter and hydronephrosis, impairing the kidneys’ clearance levels.

What is low pressure retention?

By contrast, low pressure retention occurs in patients with retention with the upper renal tract unaffected due competent urethral valves or reduced detrusor muscle contractility / complete detrusor failure.

What causes urethral sphincter to close?

Other common obstructive causes include urethral strictures or prostate cancer. Urinary tract infections can cause the urethral sphincter to close, especially in those with already narrowed outflow tracts (e.g. BPH). Constipation can also cause acute retention, through compression on the urethra.

Why do kidneys overdiuretize?

Following resolution of the retention through catheterisation, the kidneys can often over-diurese due to the loss of their medullary concentration gradient, which can take time to re-equilibrate.

What does a post void bladder scan show?

A post-void bedside bladder scan will show the volume of retained urine, helping to confirm the diagnosis.

Why do older men have bladder problems?

The condition is most prevalent in older male patients, typically due to an enlarged prostate leading to bladder outflow obstruction, however there are a wide array of potential causes.

How much urine should be replaced with intravenous fluids?

Patients producing >200ml/hr urine output should have around 50% of their urine output replaced with intravenous fluids to avoid any worsening AKI.

What is urinary retention?

Urinary retention is a condition in which you are unable to empty all the urine from your bladder. Urinary retention is not a disease, but a condition that may be related to other health problems, such as prostate problems in men or a cystocele in women. Urinary retention can be acute—a sudden inability to urinate at all, or chronic—a gradual inability to empty the bladder.

How common is urinary retention?

Acute urinary retention is common in older men, and the likelihood of experiencing acute urinary retention increases with age. Over a five-year period, approximately 1 in 10 men over the age of 70 and almost one in three men in their 80s will develop acute urinary retention. 1

Who is more likely to develop urinary retention?

Urinary retention affects both men and women, but it occurs more often in men, especially as they get older. Men who have benign prostatic hyper plasia (BPH)—a condition in which the prostate gland is enlarged—are more likely to develop urinary retention. As the prostate enlarges, it pushes against the urethra, blocking the flow of urine out of the bladder. BPH is a common prostate problem for men older than age 50.

What happens if you have a urinary retention infection?

Serious problems can occur if the infection spreads to your kidneys. Bladder damage. If urinary retention is not treated, your bladder may become stretched too far or for long periods. When stretched too far or for too long, the muscles in your bladder may become damaged and no longer work correctly. Kidney damage.

What does it mean when you poop when your bladder is empty?

Urinary incontinence. When your bladder does not fully empty, it can lead to you leaking urine, called overflow incontinence. Working with a health care professional to prevent and treat these complications is important for both the health of your urinary tract and your overall health.

What happens if you can't urinate?

Acute urinary retention can cause severe pain and be life threatening. If you are suddenly unable to urinate, it’s important that you seek emergency medical treatment right away.

Is urinary retention a disease?

Urinary retention is not a disease, but a condition that may be related to other health problems, such as prostate problems in men or a cystocele in women. Urinary retention can be acute—a sudden inability to urinate at all, or chronic—a gradual inability to empty the bladder.

What are the symptoms of urinary retention?

If your chronic urinary retention causes symptoms, they may include. the inability to completely empty your bladder when urinating. frequent urination in small amounts. difficulty starting the flow of urine, called hesitancy. a slow urine stream. the urgent need to urinate, but with little success.

How do you know if you have urinary retention?

Symptoms of acute urinary retention may include. the inability to urinate. pain—often severe—in your lower abdomen. the urgent need to urinate. swelling of your lower abdomen.

Why is my bladder underactive?

Causes of underactive bladder include. Neurological problems. Urinary retention can occur when there is a problem with your nervous system. NIH external link. that prevents messages from travelling from your brain to your bladder and urethra. There are many different causes of neurological problems, including.

Why does my bladder keep retaining urine?

The causes of urinary retention are related to either a blockage that partially or fully prevents urine from leaving your bladder or urethra, or your bladder not being able to maintain a strong enough force to expel all the urine.

What does it feel like to pee after a pee?

feeling the need to urinate after finishing urination. leaking urine without any warning or urge. lower abdominal pain or discomfort. The symptoms of acute urinary retention are often severe and can include abdominal pain and the inability to urinate, whereas chronic urinary retention may cause few or no symptoms.

What is enlarged prostate?

enlarged prostate, or benign prostatic hyperplasia. bladder outlet obstruction, such as urethral stricture or scar tissue in the bladder neck. pelvic organ prolapse, including cystocele and rectocele. urinary tract stones, also called calculi. constipation.

Why is my bladder weak?

Bladder muscles that are weak may not contract with enough strength or force to empty the bladder completely. Causes of weakness can include. age-related loss of bladder muscle strength. overdistention—a bladder that has been stretched such that the muscles are damaged. pregnancy and childbirth.

How often do you have to urinate with urinary retention?

It’s important to see your doctor promptly if you have one or more of the following symptoms: You feel like you have to urinate frequently, often eight or more times a day. It’s hard to start your urine stream. Your urine stream is weak or start and stops.

How common is urinary retention in men?

in men than women. The incidence in men between the ages of 40 and 83 is estimated to be 4.5 to 6.8 per 1,000 men every year.

Why do you need a catheter for bladder retention?

Catheterization. You’ll probably need catheterization to release the urine from your bladder unless the cause of your urinary retention can be fixed right away. Doctors try to avoid keeping a urethral or suprapubic catheter in place for a long period of time because these can lead to a variety of complications.

What is the sphincter that controls urine?

The internal sphincter is where your urethra connects to your bladder (the bladder outlet). The external sphincter, further down the urethra, opens and closes to control when urine can leave the bladder. In men, the prostate surrounds the urethra along its course through the pelvis between these two sphincters.

Why is my prostate so close to my urinary tract?

The prostate is very close to the lower urinary tract. Urinary retention can be caused by both benign and cancerous masses , such as tumors or tissue buildup from conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). These masses can constrict or block the urethra and make it harder to urinate.

Why does my urine keep coming out?

of the time, urinary retention in men is caused by problems with the prostate gland. Since the prostate surrounds the urethra, both cancerous and noncancerous growth of your prostate can narrow your urethra and reduce urine flow. Most men have noncancerous enlargement of their prostate as they age.

What is it called when you feel like you have to urinate?

Overview. Urinary retention is a condition in which your bladder doesn’t empty completely even if it’s full and you often feel like you really have to urinate. There are two forms of urinary retention — acute and chronic. Urinary retention affects both men and women, but it occurs more often in men, especially as they get older.

How to treat urinary retention?

For the acute form, a catheter is put into the urethra to drain the bladder.

Why does my bladder keep retaining urine?

The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of your body. In men, a blockage can be caused when the prostate gland gets so big that it presses on the urethra.

What is it called when your bladder doesn't empty?

Urinary retention is a condition where your bladder doesn’t empty all the way or at all when you urinate. Your bladder is like a storage tank for urine. Urine is made up of waste that’s filtered out of your blood by your kidneys. Once filtered, the urine moves to your bladder where it waits till it’s time to move through the urethra and out of the body.

Why does my prostate swell?

Infections and swelling. In men, an infection of the prostate can cause it to swell. This causes it to press on the urethra to block the flow of urine. A urinary tract infection (UTI) can cause swelling of the urethra or weakness of the bladder, both of which can cause urinary retention.

Why does my bladder pass through my urine?

Nerve issues. Passing your urine happens when the brain tells the bladder muscle to tighten. This squeezes urine from the bladder. The brain then tells the sphincter muscles surrounding the urethra to relax. This lets the flow of urine go through the urethra and out of the body.

How to treat urethral stricture?

Treatments for urethral stricture: For a urethral stricture, opening the scar tissue in the urethra with catheters and balloons may be tried. Surgery using a knife or laser that is moved through the urethra to make a cut to open the scar is also an option. Sometimes the scar tissue needs to be cut out and the urethra fixed with a surgery called a urethroplasty.

What medications cause urinary retention?

Drugs like antihistamines (Benadryl®), antispasmodics (like Detrol®), opiates (like Vicodin®) and tricyclic antidepressants (like Elavil®) can change the way the bladder muscle works.

What are the possible Complications of Acute Urinary Retention?from dovemed.com

If Acute Urinary Retention is treated urgently, there are no long-term complications associated with it. However, if treatment is delayed, then the following may be observed:

What is urinary retention?from teachmesurgery.com

Urinary retention is as an inability to pass urine. It can be divided into either acute or chronic urinary retention. Acute urinary retention is defined as a new onset inability to pass urine*, which subsequently leads to pain and discomfort, with significant residual volumes.

What is low pressure retention?from teachmesurgery.com

What is high pressure urinary retention?from teachmesurgery.com

What causes urethral sphincter to close?from teachmesurgery.com

How to treat acute urinary retention?from dovemed.com

Acute Urinary Retention is generally treated by bladder cauterization, to allow the flow of urine out of the body. Treatment of the underlying cause is necessary to prevent recurrence of the condition

What is the tube that drains urine out of the body?from dovemed.com

The urethra is a small tube which connects the bladder to the outside of the body and is responsible for draining the urine out of the body. An Acute Urinary Retention (AUR) is a sudden inability to pass urine, despite a painful urge to urinate

What is urinary retention?

Urinary retention with greatly enlarged bladder as seen by CT scan. Urinary retention is an inability to completely empty the bladder. Onset can be sudden or gradual. When of sudden onset, symptoms include an inability to urinate and lower abdominal pain.

How to treat acute urinary retention?

Acute urinary retention is treated by placement of a urinary catheter (small thin flexible tube) into the bladder. This can be either an intermittent catheter or a Foley catheter that is placed with a small inflatable bulb that holds the catheter in place.

What are the risk factors for urinary retention?

Age: Older people may have degeneration of neural pathways involved with bladder function and it can lead to an increased risk of postoperative urinary retention. The risk of postoperative urinary retention increase s up to 2.11 fold for people older than 60 years.

Why does my prostate keep growing?

Over a person's lifetime, the prostate experiences constant growth due to the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.

What is the prostate specific antigen?

Determining the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) may help diagnose or rule out prostate cancer, though this is also raised in BPH and prostatitis. A TRUS biopsy of the prostate (trans-rectal ultra-sound guided) can distinguish between these prostate conditions. Serum urea and creatinine determinations may be necessary to rule out backflow kidney damage. Cystoscopy may be needed to explore the urinary passage and rule out blockages.

Why is my bladder not emptying?

Chronic urinary retention that is due to bladder blockage which can either be as a result of muscle damage or neurological damage. If the retention is due to neurological damage, there is a disconnect between the brain to muscle communication, which can make it impossible to completely empty the bladder.

What are the symptoms of a urinary tract infection?

Onset can be sudden or gradual. When the onset is sudden, symptoms include an inability to urinate and lower abdominal pain. When of gradual onset, symptoms may include loss of bladder control, mild lower abdominal pain, and a weak urine stream. Those with long-term problems are at risk of urinary tract infections.

What is acute urinary retention (AUR)?

AUR means your bladder is full, but you cannot urinate. This condition happens suddenly, gets worse quickly, and lasts a short time.

What causes a weak bladder?

Weak bladder muscle. Blockages, such as a stone or growth. Nerve damage from diabetes, stroke, or spinal cord injuries. Swelling or infection, including childbirth, pelvic surgery, or a urinary tract infection. Certain medicines, such as narcotics, anesthesia, and antidepressants.

Why do you need a urine test?

Urine tests may be needed to check for blood or infection.

What are the possible Complications of Acute Urinary Retention?

If Acute Urinary Retention is treated urgently, there are no long-term complications associated with it. However, if treatment is delayed, then the following may be observed:

How to treat acute urinary retention?

What is the tube that drains urine out of the body?

What happens if acute urinary retention is relieved?

If Acute Urinary Retention is relieved or treated immediately, the kidneys resume their function uneventfully. Treatment of underlying cause is needed to prevent recurrence of the condition.

What is the term for the inability to pass urine?

Acute Urinary Retention (AUR) is a condition characterized by the sudden inability to pass urine and completely empty the urinary bladder.

Where does urine go when it reaches a certain amount?

Urine forms in the kidneys and then it passes through the ureters (tubes connecting the kidneys to the urinary bladder) to the urinary bladder. Urine gets stored in the urinary bladder and when it reaches a certain amount, an individual feels the urge to pass urine

Where are urinary tract stones found?

Urinary tract stones that may be found at the kidneys, ureters, or in the urinary bladder. Presence of cystocele in women; cystocele is the bulging of bladder into the vagina. Presence of rectocele in women; rectocele is the bulging of rectum into the vagina.