What is the basic process of life?
- Movement.
- Respiration.
- Sensitivity.
- Growth.
- Reproduction.
- Excretion.
- Nutrition.
What are the basic systems of life?
Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, and Organisms
- Cells. Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of all life. ...
- Tissues. Tissues are groups of cells that share a common structure and function and work together. ...
- Organs. Organs are a group of tissues arranged in a specific manner to support a common physiological function. ...
- Organ systems. ...
- Organism. ...
What is the basic form of life?
The most basic form of life is considered to be a simple single cell form. A simple bac... We cannot be sure how many stages prior to life came and went before actual life came into existence.
What is the beginning of life?
Life is coeternal with matter and has no beginning; life arrived on Earth at the time of Earth’s origin or shortly thereafter. Life arose on the early Earth by a series of progressive chemical reactions. Such reactions may have been likely or may have required one or more highly improbable chemical events.
How does water move through the cell membrane?
Why is diffusion important in biology?
What was the first microscope?
Which microscope produces images of internal organelles?
What are the two types of cells?
How to calculate magnification?
Why are cells smaller than 1mm?
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What is called the base of life?
Protoplasm is known as physical basis of life in a cell because it comprises of the living part of the cell including the cytoplasm, nucleus and other organelles and carries out all the processes necessary for life, like processing nutrients and oxygen, converting food into living matter, throwing out of used ...
What element is the basis of life?
Carbon as the building block of life | Britannica.
What is the basis of life in Earth?
Carbon has four valence electrons. This enables it to form bonds with other carbon atoms, mostly long chains of interconnecting C- C bonds, a property that is called catenation. Because of this property of carbon, there are around 10 million carbon compounds in living things.
What are the basis and characteristics of life?
Big Ideas: All living things have certain traits in common: Cellular organization, the ability to reproduce, growth & development, energy use, homeostasis, response to their environment, and the ability to adapt. Living things will exhibit all of these traits.
How many fatty acids are in a fat molecule?
Figure 3. A fat molecule is constructed by combining a glycerol molecule with three fatty acid molecules. (Two saturated fatty acids and one unsaturated fatty acid are shown for comparison.) The constructed molecule is at the bottom.
Why do fats form globules?
Fats stored in cells usually form clear oil droplets called globules because fats do not dissolve in water. Plants often store fats in their seeds, and animals store fats in large, clear globules in the cells of adipose tissue. The fats in adipose tissue contain much concentrated energy. Hence, they serve as a reserve energy supply to the organism. The enzyme lipase breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol in the human digestive system.
How many types of amino acids are there in proteins?
Many proteins are immense and extremely complex. However, all proteins are composed of long chains of relatively simple amino acids. There are 20 kinds of amino acids. Each amino acid (see the left illustration in Figure 4) has an amino (–NH2) group, a carboxyl (–COOH) group, and a group of atoms called an –R group (where R stands for radical ). The amino acids differ depending on the nature of the –R group, as shown in the middle illustration of Figure 4. Examples of amino acids are alanine, valine, glutamic acid, tryptophan, tyrosine, and histidine.
What is a base in water?
Bases are chemical compounds that attract hydrogen atoms when they are placed in water. An example of a base is sodium hydroxide (NaOH). When this substance is placed in water, it attracts hydrogen ions, and a basic (or alkaline) solution results as hydroxyl (–OH) ions accumulate.
How do molecules join?
The atoms in molecules may be joined to one another by various linkages called bonds. One example of a bond is an ionic bond, which is formed when the electrons of one atom transfer to a second atom. This creates electrically charged atoms called ions. The electrical charges cause the ions to be attracted to one another, and the attraction forms the ionic bond.
What chemical compound releases hydrogen ions?
Acids are chemical compounds that release hydrogen ions (H+) when placed in water. For example, when hydrogen chloride is placed in water, it releases its hydrogen ions and the solution becomes hydrochloric acid.
How many electrons are in the second shell of a covalent bond?
Figure 1. Formation of a covalent bond in water and ammonia molecules. In each molecule, the second shell fills with eight electrons.
How many covalent bonds can carbon form?
Therefore, carbon atoms can form four covalent bonds with other atoms to satisfy the octet rule.
What is the octet rule?
octet rule: A rule stating that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons in order to have a full valence shell of 8 electrons (has some exceptions). carbon cycle: the physical cycle of carbon through the earth’s biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere; includes such processes as photosynthesis, decomposition, respiration and carbonification.
How do plants and animals produce energy?
In its metabolism of food and respiration, an animal consumes glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), which combines with oxygen (O 2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), water (H 2 O), and energy, which is given off as heat. The animal has no need for the carbon dioxide and releases it into the atmosphere. A plant, on the other hand, uses the opposite reaction of an animal through photosynthesis. It intakes carbon dioxide, water, and energy from sunlight to make its own glucose and oxygen gas. The glucose is used for chemical energy, which the plant metabolizes in a similar way to an animal. The plant then emits the remaining oxygen into the environment.
How does carbon dioxide convert to organic matter?
Plants and algae convert carbon dioxide to organic matter through the process of photosynthesis, the energy of light. Figure: Carbon is present in all life: All living things contain carbon in some form, and carbon is the primary component of macromolecules, including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.
How does a plant get its energy?
It intakes carbon dioxide, water, and energy from sunlight to make its own glucose and oxygen gas. The glucose is used for chemical energy, which the plant metabolizes in a similar way to an animal. The plant then emits the remaining oxygen into the environment.
What is the fundamental component of macromolecules?
The fundamental component for all of these macromolecules is carbon. The carbon atom has unique properties that allow it to form covalent bonds to as many as four different atoms, making this versatile element ideal to serve as the basic structural component, or “backbone,” of the macromolecules.
How far apart are the hydrogen atoms in methane?
Figure: Structure of Methane: Methane has a tetrahedral geometry, with each of the four hydrogen atoms spaced 109.5° apart.
What is Godly Freedom?
Freedom. Godly freedom is not the privilege to do what we want; rather, Godly freedom is the power to do what is right. Regaining ground that has been surrendered to sin brings moral purity, equipping us to serve others in genuine love.
How can we discover God's purpose for our lives?
We can discover God’s purpose for our lives by engrafting Scripture into our hearts and minds, using it to “ think God’s thoughts” and to build a foundation for making wise decisions.
What is God's responsibility?
Responsibility. God holds us accountable for every word, thought, action, attitude, and motive. When we offend others, asking for forgiveness and making proper restitution are essential steps to maintaining a clear conscience.
What does God do with authority?
Authority. God assigns various responsibilities to parents, church leaders, government officials, and other authorities. As we learn to acknowledge and honor these authorities, we can see God work through them to provide direction and protection in our lives. Honoring our authorities brings inward peace.
How many biblical principles are there?
These seven Biblical principles apply to every person, regardless of culture, background, religion, age, education, or social status. An understanding of these principles can bring insights into the cause-and-effect sequences of life. Consequently, individuals can become equipped to make wise choices and avoid failure.
How does water move through the cell membrane?
Passive transport moves water molecules through osmosis and ions through facilitated diffusion using protein channels embedded within the cell membrane. These substances move down their concentration gradient from high concentration to low concentration areas. To gain a better understanding of this, you will investigate conducting an experiment to observe and model diffusion and osmosis.
Why is diffusion important in biology?
Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane. Diffusion and osmosis help to explain how nutrients and wastes are transported in and out of cells.
What was the first microscope?
Image: Relative sizes. The first type of microscope invented was the light microscope which uses light to visualise cells ranging in size from 1mm to 100nm. It contains magnifying glasses inside the ocular lens and objective lens that provide magnification and resolution for improved cell visualisation.
Which microscope produces images of internal organelles?
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) which produces images of internal organelles
What are the two types of cells?
There are two types of cells: Prokaryote and Eukaryote. Prokaryotic cells are less complex with no true nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. Organisms within the domain bacteria and archaea have a single prokaryotic cell. Image source: CNX OpenStax – https://cnx.org/contents/5CvTdmJL@4.4, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
How to calculate magnification?
To calculate the total magnification, you need to take the power of the objective lens (10X, 40X, 100X) and multiply it by the power of the eyepiece (10X) ...
Why are cells smaller than 1mm?
Because they rely on diffusion and osmosis, the exchange of materials into and out of the cell is limited by the size of the cell. Cells are generally smaller than 1mm in size and if they were to grow beyond that, metabolic wastes would accumulate and nutrients would be inefficiently transported.
