What is Canada's coldest vegetation region?
the tundraLocated in Canada's Arctic, the tundra is treeless because of low summer temperatures (a mean less than 11OC) and short growing season (1.5-3.5 months). Small shrubs, mosses and lichens grow in this short period. Most of the tundra is permanently frozen ground called Permafrost.
What are Canada's 3 types of vegetation regions?
Canada's vegetation is very diverse – ranging from warm temperate grasslands and forests, to cool boreal and mountain forests, to cold treeless arctic and alpine tundra, to freshwater and marine aquatic vegetation.
What are vegetation regions?
vegetation region. noun. area with distinct plant types, determined by climate, soil, drainage, and elevation. There are five major vegetation regions: forest, grassland, tundra, desert, and ice sheet.
What is the most common vegetation in Canada?
What is the most common vegetation in Canada? Cotton grass sedge dwarf heath shrubs mosses and lichens are the most common vegetation in the Canadian Arctic. However going towards the south the vegetation changes to birch-lichen woodland to needle-leaf forest.
How many vegetation regions are there?
There are five vegetation regions in the world: forest, grassland, tundra, desert, and ice sheet.
Which vegetation zone has no frost?
Tropical grasslands are called savannas. They do well in weather that is warm year-round and usually pretty dry.
What are the 4 types of vegetation?
Specific areas that are home to different plants and animal species come in five different forms: forests, grasslands, tundras, deserts, and ice sheets.
What are the 11 vegetation zones?
VEGETATION GRADIENTSAlpine and arctic tundra and ice. ... Boreal forest. ... Temperate deciduous forest and subtropical evergreen forest. ... Temperate grasslands. ... Desert and semidesert. ... Tropical deciduous forest and savanna. ... Tropical rainforest.
Is Grass a vegetation?
The predominant vegetation consists of grasses and forbs (small broad-leaved plants that grow with grasses). Different savannas support different grasses due to disparities in rainfall and soil conditions.
Is Russia colder than Canada?
This week: weather. 1. As far as countries go, Canada is pretty much the coolest — literally. It vies with Russia for first place as the coldest nation in the world, with an average daily annual temperature of —5.6ºC.
Is US colder than Canada?
This variety, ranging from tundra to tropical, occurs because the country extends over such a large area north to south. Most of the United States is located in the mid-latitudes, where the climates are moderate. Canada is colder because so much of it lies far north in the higher latitudes.
Which province in Canada has no snow?
No matter how you look at it, Victoria, BC on the southern tip of Vancouver Island has less snow than any other city in Canada....Fewest Days with Snow Cover.CityDaysVictoria, British Columbia5Vancouver, British Columbia9Abbotsford, British Columbia13Kelowna, British Columbia506 more rows
What are the natural vegetation zones in Canada?
What Are the Natural Vegetation Zones of Canada? Canada has seven vegetation zones including tundra, west coast forest, cordilleran vegetation, boreal and taiga forest, grassland, mixed forest and deciduous forest. Vegetation regions are characterized by similar plant life as determined by climate and other factors, such as geology, ...
Where does vegetation increase?
The amount of vegetation increases eastward from the Rocky Mountains, where there is more precipitation, and southward, where the temperature increases. ADVERTISEMENT.
Where is the boreal forest?
The boreal forest extends from the edge of the Arctic zone south towards deciduous forests and from the interior of Alaska east to Newfoundland and Labrador. This region consists of coniferous and deciduous trees, such as spruce, aspen, balsam poplar, balsam fir, maple and pine.
Why are the tundras treeless?
The Arctic tundra zone is mostly treeless due to cold temperatures and frozen ground. Short, woody shrubs cover most of this area, along with tundra grasses. Wildlife uses these shrubs for cover to hide from predators and to keep warm.
What is the type of vegetation that we get in a region without human disturbance?
Areas with distinct types of natural vegetation are classified as different natural vegetation regions. Natural vegetation is the type of vegetation that we get in a region without human disturbance. The vegetation we find cultivated from humans is quite different from that of natural vegetation because Natural Vegetation depends on ...
Where is the West Coast Forest?
The West Coast Forest is located along the west coast of British Columbia. It makes up the second largest vegetation region of the three regions within B.C. The West Coast Forest has many regions classified as rainforest and the rest are very close to it.
How does climate affect vegetation?
Climate, fauna and soils affect natural vegetation. In turn vegetation affects each of them. Plants must have moisture and heat to a certain degree of growth the level of this is how we determine the vegetative regions. There are various types of vegetative regions: Desert (warm no vegetation and very little precipitation), ...
What is the dominant land type in the Arctic and subarctic regions?
Tundra . Tundra is the dominant land type of the Arctic and subarctic regions. Tundra also exists above the timberline in the Western Cordillera, but the discussion here is generally confined to the northern tundra. With long, cold winters, short, cool summers, and low precipitation, the soils are thin or absent, and the vegetation is sparse.
What are the southern deciduous trees?
Some southern deciduous trees have their northern limits in this region: tulip tree, cucumber tree, pawpaw, red mulberry, Kentucky coffee tree, sassafras, black oak and pin oak. Conifers are few but there is a scattered distribution of eastern white pine, Tamarack, eastern red cedar and eastern hemlock.
Why do valleys have warmer temperatures than high mountains?
Because of the ocean and the mountains there is heavier rainfall on the west side than on the east side because of relief precipitation. The vegetation is greatly affected by this.
What is mixed forest?
Mixed Forest. Mixed Forest surrounds the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River Valley. It is the most densely populated part of Canada and also the most intensely used area. Once heavily forested, very little of the original forest remains today. Centuries of agriculture, logging, and urbanization have fragmented the landscape into isolated ...
What is the second largest forest in Canada?
Although it is less than one-tenth the size of the boreal forest , the Great Lakes-St Lawrence is Canada's second-largest forest region. With the exception of a 322 km gap where the boreal region touches the north shore of Lake Superior, this forest stretches from southeastern Manitoba to the Gaspé Peninsula.
How many forest regions are there in Canada?
Canada can be divided into eight forest regions. A forest region is a major geographic belt or zone characterized by a broad uniformity both in physiography and in the composition of the dominant tree species. Canada can be divided into eight forest regions.
What are the trees in the Alberta subalpine region?
Characteristic trees are Engelmann spruce, alpine fir and lodgepole pine, while occasional species include western larch, whitebark pine and limber pine, together with yellow cypress and mountain hemlock on the more westerly ranges. The subalpine region makes an impressive contribution to the scenic splendour of the Canadian Cordillera and offers unique features of watershed protection and stream control in high-mountain source areas. The trees at lower elevations are harvested for timber.
What are the trees in the Fraser Valley?
Characteristic trees are western red cedar and western hemlock. The blue Douglas fir is widely distributed, and in southern parts western white pine, western larch, grand fir and western yew are found. Engelmann spruce is found in the upper Fraser Valley and occasionally at higher elevations in the region.
What type of trees are found in the British Columbia region?
The characteristic tree of this region is the blue Douglas fir, a smaller variety of the coast-region type. Lodgepole pine and trembling aspen are generally present and white spruce is found in cooler, shaded valley locations. In southern parts of the region's more open forest, ponderosa pine is common. Engelmann spruce and alpine fir from the subalpine region, together with western white birch, are important species of this region's northern limits.
What is the name of the part of the forest that thins out into open, almost treeless prairie?
Known as the aspen grove, this part of the forest thins out into open, almost treeless prairie. White and black spruce are the principal species of the predominantly coniferous boreal forest, but other conifers (e.g., balsam fir, jack pine and tamarack) also have a wide distribution.
Where is the boreal forest in Canada?
Approximately 80 per cent of Canada's forested land is in the immense boreal forest region, which swings in an arc south from the Mackenzie River Delta and Alaskan border to northeast British Columbia, across northern Alberta and Saskatchewan, through Manitoba, Ontario and Québec, terminating in northern Newfoundland on the shores of the Labrador Sea. The northern boreal region consists of open forest with trees growing farther apart and smaller in size as the forest stretches towards the tundra, where only dwarf specimens persist.
Community
Flora and fauna
- The Arctic tundra is the second-largest vegetation region in the country. The Arctic is treeless because of its low summer temperatures (a mean of less than 11°C in the warmest month) and short growing season (1.53.5 months). The transition from boreal forest to tundra, termed forest tundra, consists of ribbons or islands of stunted black and white spruce trees in a sea of tundra …
Environment
- The major environmental factors which limit plant growth and distribution are cold soils with an active layer in summer of 2060 cm above the permafrost; varying depth of winter snow; low levels of soil nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus; and soils that can be very dry (on ridges) or very wet (in lowlands) in summer. The Arctic is often divided into the Low Arctic of the mainlan…
Habitat
- High Arctic In the High Arctic, vegetation is sparser and the wildlife it supports is more limited because of colder summers (about 25°C in the warmest month), a shorter growing season (1.52.5 months) and low precipitation (100200 mm). In lowlands, limited areas of sedge and moss tundra occur, decreasing in extent north of 74°N. At higher elevations (above 100 m) in the southern an…
Setting
- The boreal forest or taiga encircles the Northern Hemisphere between the treeless Arctic tundra and the more southerly, mid-latitude broad-leaved forest zones. In North America, the taiga extends from the interior of Alaska and the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains to Newfoundland and Labrador, making it the largest vegetation region in Canada....
Ecology
- Throughout the taiga, poorly and very poorly drained areas occur (probably at least 25 per cent of total area). These ecosystems are called fens or bogs depending upon whether they are nutrient-rich or poor, respectively. Species such as black spruce, larch, eastern red cedar (eastern and southern portion only), willows, Labrador tea, bog rosemary, cloudberry, sedges, sphagnum and …
Biology
- Evidence of past fires is almost everywhere in the taiga, and many plants have mechanisms for surviving these catastrophic events. For example, many boreal plants can reproduce after disturbance by sprouting from understorey stems, including trees (aspen) and shrubs (saskatoon, willows, bearberry, rose) as well as some herbs. Some species have seeds which are easily disp…
Formation
- Natural processes allow the replacement of post-fire plant communities such as aspen and jack pine by more shade-tolerant trees (white and black spruce, balsam fir) when the interval between fires is long (more than 150 years). This secondary succession can potentially result in climax vegetation.
Climate
- The Pacific coastal region, which ranges from nearly 48°N latitude to 55°N, may be divided into four distinct growing zones reflecting the great variation in temperature, length of growing season and average precipitation (6503,000 mm per year). Significant rainfall shadows, caused by mountain ranges on Vancouver Island and Haida Gwaii, can produce further climatic variation o…