What is Cisco performance routing (PFR)?
What is Cisco Performance Routing (PfR)? Cisco Performance Routing (PfR) is a way of sending network packets based on intelligent path control. Packets are units of data that are routed between an origin and a destination on the internet or packet-switched networks.
What is PFR?
PfR is the technology for intelligent path control for Cisco Intelligent WAN, which builds upon four components:
What is the difference between OER and PFR (performance routing)?
Nowadays, it’s all about “application based optimization”. Performance Routing (PfR) is very similar to OER but is able to optimize our routing based on application requirements. Technically, OER and PfR are 95% the same but Cisco rebranded OER to PfR.
What is PFR (optimized edge routing)?
PfR can help administrators address network performance issues by allowing a router to choose the best performing path, while maintaining application performance. Cisco originally created PfR, basing it off OER (Optimized Edge Routing). OER was able to select different paths in a network but was not considered a routing protocol.
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What is PfR in networking?
Performance Routing (PfR) delivers intelligent path control for application-aware routing across the WAN. PfR provides: Dynamic selection of the best path for application-based business policies. Application-based load balancing across paths for full utilization of bandwidth with improved network availability.
What is route performance?
0:271:56How to improve route performance - YouTubeYouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipYou can easily investigate factors that contribute to poor performance. Such as inefficient stopMoreYou can easily investigate factors that contribute to poor performance. Such as inefficient stop sequences traffic or driver behavior. Once you know where your plan went off course samsara.
What is Cisco Iwan?
The Cisco Intelligent WAN (Cisco IWAN) application runs on the Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller - Enterprise Module (Cisco APIC-EM). Cisco IWAN extends Software Defined Networking (SDN) to the branch sites with an application-centric approach that is based on business policies and application rules.
What is EIGRP in Networking?
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a network protocol that enables routers to exchange information more efficiently than earlier network protocols, such as Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) or Border Gateway Protocol (BGP).
What is route management?
What Is Route Management? Route management is the strategic planning of routes for the delivery of services, products, or materials. Route management can help improve the efficiency of any business that has drivers, fleets, or couriers.
What SD-WAN means?
software-defined wide area networkSD-WAN Explained A software-defined wide area network (SD-WAN) is a virtualized service that connects and extends enterprise networks over large geographical distances.
What is the difference between SD-WAN and SDN?
The major difference between SDN and SD-WAN is what they are used for. SDN serves modern networking needs of managing Local Area Networks (LAN) or carrier's core networks, while SD-WAN is used for connecting geographically distributed locations and remote users.
What is Cisco SD-WAN?
Cisco SD-WAN provides advanced analytics, monitoring, and automation for any connection across your network, whether MPLS or beyond the cloud edge. With Cisco SD-WAN, you can help ensure that users enjoy optimal speeds and the best performance from the applications they need for success.
What are the 3 EIGRP tables?
EIGRP uses three tables: the neighbor table, the topology table, and the IP routing table. The neighbor table keeps state information regarding neighbors, and is displayed using the show ip eigrp neighbors command. EIGRP Update messages fill the routers' EIGRP topology tables.
What port does BGP use?
port 179BGP peers are established by manual configuration between routing devices to create a TCP session on port 179. A BGP-enabled device periodically sends keepalive messages to maintain the connection.
Which is better EIGRP or OSPF?
The network convergence time is faster than OSPF networks, because EIGRP network can learn the topology information and updates more rapidly. The performance of packet delay variation for EIGRP is better than for OSPF.
How does route optimization work?
Route optimization is the process of determining the most cost-efficient route. It's more complex than simply finding the shortest path between two points. It needs to include all relevant factors, such as the number and location of all the required stops on the route, as well as time windows for deliveries.
How is route optimization done?
Route optimization is the process of determining the most cost-efficient route.Number of turns or intersections along the route.Left-hand turns (crossing the line of traffic)Best or nearest driver to dispatch to the route.Traffic congestion for the current time of day.Best approach (access) to a stop on the route.
How do you optimize a network route?
Networks are dynamic, with conditions changing by the second, which introduces a new level of complexity. The network routing system has to optimize for each packet. Optimization may include cost, bandwidth, service level agreements, number of hops, availability, etc.
How do you solve route optimization problem?
To solve this VRP, you need to create a distance dimension, which computes the cumulative distance traveled by each vehicle along its route. You can then set a cost proportional to the maximum of the total distances along each route.
What is Cisco PFR?
Cisco Performance Routing (PfR) is a way of sending network packets based on intelligent path control. Packets are units of data that are routed between an origin and a destination on the internet or packet-switched networks. Normally, a routing protocol is used to determine the shortest path between an origin and destination; however, the shortest path could be highly trafficked. Instead of picking the shortest path, Cisco PfR -- which is not specifically the considered routing protocol by Cisco -- will pick the best path based on its performance.
Why is PFR important?
Factors like WAN latency and lack of bandwidth will lead to inefficient performance. PfR can help administrators address network performance issues by allowing a router to choose the best performing path, while maintaining application performance.
What is PFR in WAN?
Besides performance metrics, PfR will choose paths by path status, policies and application types. PfR also can be used to improve application delivery and WAN efficiency.
How to solve overlapping PFR policies?
To solve potential overlapping policies, users can run a resolve function , which allows them to set a priority to PfR policies. This can be done using the resolve (PfR) command in PfR master controller configuration mode.
What is performance routing?
Performance routing is a form of intelligent path control, which performs path selection based on real-time performance metrics. These metrics are received by monitoring application performance, and traffic is collected from a primary data center. This differs from more classic routing protocols, which don't have the ability to monitor performance issues and change to alternative paths based on situations like traffic flow.
What are the interface types used in PFR?
PfR will also use three different interface types, internal (which connect the internal networks), external (which connect to external networks) and local (which is what's used to communicate between MCs and BRs).
How many sites can PFRv2 scale?
The next version, PfRv2, added the ability to scale up to 500 sites, app path selections, policy simplifications and more configuration options.
What is Cisco PFR?
Cisco PfR is all about applying advanced routing control to identified interesting traffic classes or prefixes. A traffic class can be defined as a combination of prefix, protocol, port numbers, and DSCP values. PfR can be instructed to learn these interesting elements through either human configuration or dynamic learning. To dynamically learn the interesting traffic classes, PfR uses a mechanism based on the Cisco IOS NetFlow technology. You can configure the interesting PfR traffic classes with the oer-map and ip prefix-list commands. The oer-map command is similar to a normal route-map command.
How does Cisco PFR work?
Cisco PfR can control application traffic using PBR. You can identify application traffic traveling through a particular PfR border router by matching traffic defined in a PfR map as part of a PfR policy.
What is Cisco PFR policy?
The Cisco PfR policy, which you configure on the Cisco PfR Primary Controller, defines if the interesting traffic classes should be learned, how fast they are learned and updated, how frequently the actual received service level is checked with the configured expected service level, etc.
What is BGP local preference?
BGP local preference (Local_Pref) is a discretionary attribute applied to a BGP prefix to specify the degree of preference for that route during route selection. The Local_Pref is a value applied to a BGP prefix, and a higher Local_Pref value causes a route to be preferred over an equivalent route. The primary controller instructs one of the border routers to apply the Local_Pref attribute to a prefix or set of prefixes associated with a traffic-flow entry. The border router then shares the Local_Pref value with all of its internal BGP (iBGP) peers. Local_Pref is a locally significant value within an autonomous system, but it is never shared with external BGP (eBGP) peers. When the iBGP convergence is complete, the router with the highest Local_Pref for the prefix becomes the exit link from the network.
What is a Cisco PFR controller?
A Cisco PfR Primary Controller can enforce the use of a particular border router as the preferred exit by injecting temporary static routes. These static routes exist only in the memory of the router, and are intentionally not saved to the permanent configuration.
What is Cisco performance routing?
Cisco Performance Routing is a Cisco IOS Software technology that takes advantage of embedded Cisco IOS Software intelligence to measure path performance information , and the solution requires no additional equipment.
How does a router redirection work?
The redirection is accomplished by influencing the network routing behavior for the traffic flows. The primary controller sends control messages to each of the border routers to let them know to take action and inject IP routes or PBR entries. Route and PBR entries are injected only on the border routers; no routes are injected on the primary controller.
How many device roles are there in PFR?
There are two device roles in PfR:
What is OER in Cisco?
Still, the idea behind routing based on dynamic values is interesting so Cisco created Optimized Edge Routing (OER). OER is not a routing protocol, it requires existing routing but is able to influence your routing by injecting routes.
Is OER the same as PFR?
Technically, OER and PfR are 95% the same but Cisco rebranded OER to PfR. PfR uses different “phases”, these are the same as the OER phases so I will just explain them in a nutshell here: Profile/Learning: in a typical network, there are a lot of flows and we can’t optimize everything.
Is PFR slow?
PfR can be pretty slow, especially in a lab . To speed things up, I tune some of the default timers:
Can PFR produce useful logging messages on the console?
Pfr can produce some useful logging messages on the console so I like to enable it:
Does PFR require a keychain?
PfR requires a keychain for authentication so let’s add one on the MC and BCs:
Is OER good for routing?
OER is a good step forward but it’s not enough, it does “prefix based route optimization” but optimization per prefix is not good enough in today’s world. Nowadays, it’s all about “application based optimization”. Performance Routing (PfR) is very similar to OER but is able to optimize our routing based on application requirements. Technically, OER and PfR are 95% the same but Cisco rebranded OER to PfR.
What is PFR in Cisco?
Cisco Performance Routing (PfR) is the IWAN intelligent path control component that can help administrators to accomplish the following:
Why do we use routing protocols?
The traditional routing protocols were designed to solve the endpoint reachability problem in a hop-by-hop destination-only forwarding environment of unknown topology. The routing protocols choose only the best path based on statically assigned cost. There are a few exceptions where the network path used can be somewhat engineered. Some routing protocols can select a path that is not the shortest one (BGP, MPLS traffic engineering [TE] ).
How many routing domains are there?
In traditional hybrid designs, it is common to have two (or more) routing domains: One routing domain for the primary path over MPLS—EBGP, static, or default routes. One routing domain on the secondary path over the Internet—EIGRP, IBGP, or floating static routes.
What is DSCP mapped to?
DSCP values that are mapped to critical business applications and voice/video types of applications are assigned a next hop that is over the preferred path.
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Is Routing a smart protocol?
However, this approach is not intelligent and does not take into account the dynamic behavior of the network. Routing protocols have keepalive timers that can determine if the next hop is available, but they cannot determine when the path selected suffers from degraded performance, and the system cannot compensate.
What is PRF in IKEv2?
PRF: For IKEv2, a separate pseudo-random function (PRF) used as the algorithm to derive keying material and hashing operations required for the IKEv2 tunnel encryption. The options are the same as those used for the hash algorithm; Thank you. Labels: Labels: VPN.
What is Cisco Secure Endpoint?
Cisco Secure Endpoint New packages fit for every organization Every Cisco Secure Endpoint (formerly AMP for Endpoints) package comes with Cisco SecureX built-in. It’s our cloud-native platform that integrates all your security solutions into one view wit... view more
