What is clipping in grammar?
Updated July 08, 2018. In morphology, clipping is the process of forming a new word by dropping one or more syllables from a polysyllabic word, such as cellphone from cellular phone. In other words, clipping refers to part of a word that serves for the whole, such as ad and phone from advertisement and telephone, respectively.
What is the difference between back-formation and clipping?
Clipping is the word formation process in which a word is reduced or shortened without changing the meaning of the word. Clipping differs from back-formation in that the new word retains the meaning of the original word. For example: The four types of clipping are back clipping, fore-clipping, middle clipping, and complex clipping.
What is word-formation process clipping?
The word-formation process clipping follows “specific phonologically determined patterns” (Harley 2006: p. 95) and is not necessarily bound to morphological structure. In general, that part of the word, which bears main stress, tends to remain at the end of the word-formation process, for example the word “racoon” becomes “coon”.
What is clipping (Cont…)?
What is Clipping (Cont…) The process of creating new words by shortening parts of a longer word. E.g. doctor is shortened to doc & gasoline is clipped to gas 5. English speakers usually tend to clip each other’s names. E.g.
What is clipping and example?
It involves the shortening of a longer word, often reducing it to one syllable. Many examples are very informal or slang. Maths, which is a clipped form of mathematics, is an example of this. Informal examples include 'bro' from brother and 'dis' from disrespect.
What are the examples of clipping words?
Other examples of clipped forms in English include biz, caps, celebs, deli, exam, flu, gator, hippo, hood, info, intro, lab, limo, mayo, max, perm, photo, ref, reps, rhino, sax, stats, temp, thru, tux, ump, veep, and vet.
What are the 3 types of clipping?
There are four types of possible clipping processes, depending on which part of the word undergoes structural changes: back-clipping (temperature — temp, rhino — rhinoceros, gym — gymnasium), fore-clipping (helicopter — copter, telephone — phone, plane — aeroplane), mixed clipping (influenza — flu, refrigerator — ...
What is meant by clipped words?
a word formed by dropping one or more syllables from a longer word or phrase with no change in meaning, as deli from delicatessen or flu from influenza. Also called: clipped word, clipping, shortening Compare back clipping, fore clipping.
What are the types of clipping?
Types of Clipping:Point Clipping.Line Clipping.Area Clipping (Polygon)Curve Clipping.Text Clipping.Exterior Clipping.
Why are they called clipping?
“The name refers to a specific type of distortion in digital audio, wherein the tops and bottoms of a waveform are cut or 'clipped' off, introducing harmonics — it's a pretty nasty, unpleasant distortion and the first thing you learn in audio work is to avoid clipping at all costs.
What is the use of clipping?
The primary use of clipping in computer graphics is to remove objects, lines, or line segments that are outside the viewing pane.
How do you identify clipping?
You'll know when you have severe clipping because you'll hear it. It sounds like the audio is starting to 'break up,' which is light distortion. The more severe it is, the more distorted the music begins to sound until it can become unrecognizable in an ocean of noise and loudness.
What are the advantages of clipping?
Advantages of Image ClippingEnhanced Presentation. A good image with neat and clean illustration can easily catch attention of onlookers. ... Superior Brand Reputation. ... Easy Image Editing and Illustration. ... Marketing and Portfolio Promotion. ... Clip Art and Flash Animation Addition. ... Technology and Sophistication.
What type of word is clipped?
Clipped can be a verb or an adjective.
How do you write clipped words?
Clipped Words are the words that are formed by clipping one or more syllables from a larger word or phrase, while retaining the meaning of the original word or phrase. Being shorter, clipped words are easy to spell and pronounce. Clipped words are more commonly used in everyday language.
What are compound words 5 examples?
Examples of Compound Wordsbullfrog.snowball.mailbox.grandmother.railroad.sometimes.inside.upstream.More items...
What are 5 examples of acronyms?
Examples of Popular AcronymsASAP. ASAP is an acronym for as soon as possible. ... IMAX. The IMAX in IMAX Theater actually stands for Image Maximum. ... PIN. ... RADAR. ... TASER. ... SCUBA. ... KISS. ... NASA.More items...
What are the examples of blending words?
An example of a typical blend is brunch, in which the beginning of the word breakfast is joined with the ending of the word lunch. In many cases such as motel (motor + hotel) or blizzaster (blizzard + disaster) the constituents of a blend overlap at segments that are phonologically or graphically identical.
Is Gym an example of clipping?
clipping (also known as truncation or shortening) Clipping is a type of word-formation in which a short piece is extracted from a longer word and given the same meaning. Examples include bra from brassiere, gym from gymnasium, flu from influenza, cello from violoncello, phone from telephone and bus from omnibus.
What is a clipped form?
The term is also known as a clipped form, clipped word, shortening, and truncation. A clipped form generally has the same denotative meaning as the word it comes from, but it's regarded as more colloquial and informal. Clipping also makes it easier to spell and write many words. For example, a clipped form may replace the original word in everyday ...
What is clipping in linguistics?
Clipping Basics. "As noted, clipped words form through a social process, such as students preferring to use shortened forms of common terms, as noted in 'Contemporary Linguistics.'. The same kind of social forces lead to the creation of clipped words in other English-speaking countries such as Britain," says David Crystal, ...
What is initial clipping?
Initial clipping, also called apheresis, is the clipping of the initial part of the beginning of the word, also called fore-clipping, according to the Journal of English Lexicology . Examples of fore-clipping include bot for robot and chute for parachute. "Complex clipping, as the name implies, is more involved.
What is clipping in morphology?
Updated February 05, 2020. In morphology, clipping is the process of forming a new word by dropping one or more syllables from a polysyllabic word, such as cellphone from cellular phone . In other words, clipping refers to part of a word that serves for the whole, such as ad and phone from advertisement and telephone, respectively.
What are the different types of clipping?
Types of Clipping. There are several types of clipping, including final, initial, and complex. Final clipping, also called apocope, is just what the term implies: clipping or cutting off the last syllable or syllables of a word to form the clipped term, such as info for information and gas for gasoline. Initial clipping, also called apheresis, is ...
What is compound clipping?
"Complex clipping, as the name implies, is more involved. It is the shortening of a compound word by preserving and combining its initial parts (or first syllables)," says ESL.ph, an online site for learning English as a second language. Examples include: 1 Sci-fi for sci ence fi ction 2 Sitcom for sit uation com edy 3 Grandma for grandmo ther 4 Perm for perm anent wave 5 Shrink for head shrink er
What are some examples of clipping?
According to the book, "Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction," Some of the most common products of clipping are names— Liz, Ron, Rob, and Sue , which are shortened forms of Elizabeth, Ronald, Robert, and Susan.
What is the process of attaching a derivation to a word?
‘Derivation’ is one of the major word-formation processes that attach derivation affixes to the main form of a word to create a new word. Affixes (prefix or suffix) are regarded as Bound Morphemes
What is back form?
‘Back-Formation’ is a word-formation process that eliminates the actual derivational affix from the main form of a word to create a new word. However, Back-Formation is contrary to Derivation. Let us see some examples of Back-Formation in the below table:
What is the smallest unit of a language?
A morpheme is the smallest meaningful syntactical or grammar unit of a language that cannot be divided without changing its actual meaning. In contrast to the free morpheme , a bound morpheme doesn’t have any independent meaning. It needs the help of a free morpheme to form a new word.
How many types of clipping are there?
Clipping is divided into four types. They are:
What is the word formation process?
The ‘Word-Formation Process’ is regarded as the branch of Morphology. The main objectives of the word-formation process are to form new words with the same root by deploying different rules or processes.
What is an acronym for a word?
An Acronym is a popular word-formation process in which an initialism is pronounced as a word. It forms from the first letter of each word in a phrase. The newly formed letters create a new word which helps us for speedy communication. For example, ‘PIN’ is an initialism for Personal Identification Number that is used as the word ‘pin’.
What is the first type of clipping?
However, there are three different types of clippings (compare Kortmann 2005: p. 106; Marchant 1969: p. 93). The first one is called ‘back-clipping ’. With this process, the beginning, mostly the first syllable, of a word is kept. This is also the most common and the easiest type of clipping.
What is clipping in speech?
According to Laurie Bauer (2004: p. 326), “clipping is the process of shortening a word without changing its meaning or its part of speech”. Heidi Harley is even more precise about that.
What is less productive word formation?
Less productive word-formation processes basically are the various types of shortenings, such as back-formation, blend, acronym and clipping. Nevertheless, also within the group of less productive word-formation processes distinctions can be made.
What is the word-formation process called?
2. The word-formation process ‘clipping ’. As already mentioned in the introduction, ‘clipping’ is a word-formation process, but also the result of the process itself is called ‘clipping’.
What is morphology in linguistics?
1. Introduction. Morphology is an extensive field of linguistics which deals among other things with different ways of forming neologisms and the shortening of words. The following paper concentrates on the specific word-formation process „clipping“.
Why is it not possible to keep the "essor" in "professor"?
So it is not possible to keep the “-essor” in “professor” because it cannot be interpreted as a word or suffix. It is the same with “-ther” in “brother”.
When on the other hand only one word is affected by the word-formation process, the word-formation process must either?
When on the other hand only one word is affected, the word-formation process must either be back-formation or clipping (Kortmann 2005: p. 109).
What is word formation?
Word formation occurs when compounding, clipping or blending existing words to create new words. Below we will cover the definition of these terms and give you several examples of each.
What is compounding words?
Compounding words are formed when two or more lexemes combine into a single new word. Compound words may be written as one word or as two words joined with a hyphen. For example: noun-noun compound: note + book → notebook. adjective-noun compound: blue + berry → blueberry. verb-noun compound: work + room → workroom.
What are the four types of clipping?
telephone – phone. The four types of clipping are back clipping , fore-clipping, middle clipping , and complex clipping . Back clipping is removing the end of a word as in gas from gasoline. Fore-clipping is removing the beginning of a word as in gator from alligator.
What is clipping in science?
Clipping is the word formation process in which a word is reduced or shortened without changing the meaning of the word. Clipping differs from back-formation in that the new word retains the meaning of the original word. For example: advertisement – ad. alligator – gator. examination – exam. gasoline – gas.
What is the process of blending words?
Blending is the word formation process in which parts of two or more words combine to create a new word whose meaning is often a combination of the original words. Below are examples of blending words. Blended words are also referred to as portmanteaus.
What is a compound preposition?
preposition-preposition compound: in + to → into. Compounds may be compositional, meaning that the meaning of the new word is determined by combining the meanings of the parts, or non-compositional, meaning that the meaning of the new word cannot be determined by combining the meanings of the parts.
Is a blueberry a breakup?
For example, a blueberry is a berry that is blue. However, a breakup is not a relationship that was severed into pieces in an upward direction. Compound nouns should not be confused with nouns modified by adjectives, verbs, and other nouns.
What is backformation in a word?
Backformation is the word formation process where a new word is derived by removing what appears to be an affix. When we remove last part of word (that looks like suffix but not a suffix in real) from a word it creates a new word.
What is the process of adding a suffix to a root word?
Affixation is the word formation process where a new word is created by adding suffix or prefix to a root word. The affixation may involve prefixes, suffixes, infixes. In prefixes, we add extra letters before root word e.g. re+right to make a new word rewrite. In suffix, we add some extra letters with a base/root word e.g. read+able. In infixes, the base word is changed in its form e.g. the plural of woman is women that creates new word “women”.
What is clipping in word formation?
Clipping is the type of word formation where we use a part of word instead of whole word. This form of word formation is used where there is a long/multi-syllable word and to save time we use a short one instead of that long word e.g. the word advertisement is a long word and we use its short form ad (ads for plural form) instead of whole word.
What is zero derivation?
Zero derivation, is a kind of word formation involving the creation of a word from an existing word without any change in form, which is to say, derivation using only zero. Zero-derivation or conversion changes the lexical category of a word without changing its phonological shape. For example, the word ship is a noun and we use it also as a verb. See below sentences to understand it.
What is compounding in writing?
Compounding is a type of word formation where we join two words side by side to create a new word. It is very common type of word formation in a language. Some time we write a compound word with a hyphen between two words and some time we keep a space and sometime we write them jointly. All these three forms are common in all languages.
What is blending in science?
Blending is the combination of two separate words to form a single new word. It is different from compounding where we add two words side by side to make a new word but in blending we do not use both words in complete sense but new/derived word has part of both words e.g. word smog and fog are different words and when we blend them to make a new word, we use a part of each word to make a new word that is smog. We took first two letters from first word (sm) from smoke and last two (og) from fog to derive a new word smog.
What is the word formation process?
In linguistics, word formation process is the creation of a new word by making changes in existing words or by creating new words. In other words, it refers to the ways in which new words are made on the basis of other words.
