7 Traditions of Communication
- The socio-psychological tradition: Communication as interpersonal interaction and influence. ...
- The cybernetic tradition: Communication as a system of information processing. ...
- The rhetorical tradition: Communication as artful public address. ...
- The semiotic tradition: Communication as the process of sharing meaning through signs. ...
What is cybernetics?
"Cybernetics is the art of effective action" ^ Couffignal, Louis, "Essai d’une définition générale de la cybernétique", The First International Congress on Cybernetics, Namur, Belgium, June 26–29, 1956, Paris: Gauthier-Villars, 1958, pp. 46-54. ^ Pask, G. (1975).
What is the history of Cybernetics in sport?
A model of cybernetics in Sport was introduced by Yuri Verkhoshansky and Mel C. Siff in 1999 in their book Supertraining. Psycho-Cybernetics is a self-help book written by Maxwell Maltz in 1960. Organisations primarily concerned with cybernetics or aspects of it include:
What is the origin of the word cybernétique?
The word 'cybernétique' was also used in 1834 by the physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836) to denote the sciences of government in his classification system of human knowledge.
Features of the theory
What theorists are concerned about is how information systems function through message transfer to remain stable over time. This tradition comprises four main traits;interaction of elements, interdependence, importing of new resources and self-regulation and control.
Variations in the tradition
As with everything else, there are variations in the way in which the people involved perceive things. In this tradition, there are five:
Focus of the tradition
Let’s see how the theorist may apply this to a typical single-parent family- Mother-Susan and daughters Kathy and Jen.
This is where I leave you
This tradition, though scientific, still takes into consideration some key aspects that are apart of human nature, such as interdependence.We all lean on each other for support and thrive on feedback, especially when it’s positive.
What is cybernetic tradition?
The Cybernetic Tradition. Cybernetic. § refers to a tradition of complex system where the interacting elements influence another. § In this tradition communication is seen as a system of processing information, feedback and control.
What is second order cybernetic?
Second order Cybernetic - In this variation it is understood that the person observing the system is always cybernetically engaged with the system they are observing. The goal or the message to be conveyed. The difference between the goal and what is being conveyed.
Which theory emphasizes that communication is not linear but rather it is a cyclic process with feedback loops?
Cybernetic - It emphasizes that communication is not linear but rather it is a cyclic process with feedback loops. Information Theory - Focuses on the transmission of signals through network and seeks to improve that process. General System Theory - It seeks to show us that different fields can be linked if they share the same system principles.
What is cybernetics?
Cybernetics is concerned with such processes however they are embodied, including in environmental, technological, biological, cognitive, and social systems, and in the context of practical activities such as designing, learning, managing, and conversation . Cybernetics has its origins in the intersection of the fields of control systems, ...
What is cybernetics in science?
Cybernetics is a transdisciplinary approach for exploring regulatory and purposive systems — their structures, constraints, and possibilities. The core concept of the discipline is circular causality or feedback —that is, where the outcomes of actions are taken as inputs for further action. Cybernetics is concerned with such processes however they ...
What was the impact of cybernetics on architecture?
Cybernetics was an influence on thinking in architecture and design in the decades after the Second World War. Ashby and Pask were drawn on by design theorists such as Horst Rittel, Christopher Alexander and Bruce Archer. Pask was a consultant to Nicholas Negroponte's Architecture Machine Group, forerunner of the MIT Media Lab, and collaborated with architect Cedric Price and theatre director Joan Littlewood on the influential Fun Palace project during the 1960s. Pask's 1950s Musicolour installation was the inspiration for John and Julia Frazer's work on Price's Generator project.
What was the Soviet Union's cybernetics?
Cybernetics in the Soviet Union was initially considered a "pseudoscience" and "ideological weapon" of "imperialist reactionaries" (Soviet Philosophical Dictionary, 1954) and later criticised as a narrow form of cybernetics. In the mid to late 1950s Viktor Glushkov and others salvaged the reputation of the field. Soviet cybernetics incorporated much of what became known as computer science in the West.
When was the term cybernetics first used?
The word 'cybernétique' was also used in 1834 by the physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836) to denote the sciences of government in his classification system of human knowledge.
What is the neologism of cybernetics?
The following summer, back in the United States, Wiener decided to introduce the neologism cybernetics, coined to denote the study of "teleological mechanisms", into his scientific theory: it was popularized through his book Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine.
Who was the first person to study cybernetics?
Cybernetics as a discipline was firmly established by Norbert Wiener, McCulloch, Arturo Rosenblueth and others, such as W. Ross Ashby, mathematician Alan Turing, and W. Grey Walter.
What is the next tradition of communication?
The next tradition of communication is the Rhetoric Tradition .” Podgorecki, (2004) outline the tenets of this tradition as follows: Several characteristics of this important tradition of rhetoric, communication can be listed:
What is the difference between naivety and bigotry?
Horkheimer argued that ,,[...I naivety and bigotry are demonstrated by thinking and speaking only in the language of science". Naivety, because science, contrary to what is propagated by scientists, is not a disinterested pursuit of knowledge. Bigotry, because using opinion polls, scientists assume that a sample of public opinion is a true representation of reality. According to Adorno ,,[...I a cross-section of opinions stand not for an approximate depiction of truth but for a cross-section illusion". These scholars are especially critical about government, economy, and education leaders who are using the empirical appearances of social sciences to vindicate the existing unjust state of affairs, obviously to the benefit of their own interests.
