Who was Guillaume Dufay?
The works of the Netherlandish composer Guillaume Dufay (ca. 1400-1474) marked the beginning of the Renaissance and influenced the course of music during the 15th and 16th centuries.
What is Du Fay famous for?
Du Fay (left), with Gilles Binchois. Guillaume Du Fay (French: [dy fa(j)i]; also Dufay, Du Fayt; 5 August, c. 1397 – 27 November 1474) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the early Renaissance. A central figure in the Burgundian School, he was regarded by his contemporaries as one of the leading composers in Europe in the mid-15th century.
What instruments did Guillaume Dufay play?
Guillaume Dufay Biography. Dufay was contributory in writing music only for musical instruments and not vocal practices. These included the spinetto, the piano, clarinet and even the viol to name a few. From harmonies to folkloric rhythms of the Medieval Period, Guillaume’s music changed and defined the history of music,...
Where did Guillaume Dufay go to school?
Born probably in the province of Hainaut in what is now Belgium, Guillaume Dufay received his musical training at the cathedral school of Cambrai under Nicholas Malin and Richard Loqueville (1409-ca. 1419). One of Loqueville's three-voice works is preserved in a four-voice arrangement by Dufay.
Why is Guillaume Dufay important?
Guillaume Du Fay (/djuːˈfaɪ/ dew-FY, French: [dy fa(j)i]; also Dufay, Du Fayt; 5 August 1397(?) – 27 November 1474) was a French composer and music theorist of the early Renaissance. He is considered the leading European composer of his time, during which his music was widely performed and copied.
Who influenced Guillaume Dufay?
However, by the 1450s, Dufay's masses were much influenced by the English style (for example, the music of John Dunstable); his masses of this period mostly use cantus firmus technique, and also isorhythm, as in his motets.
Who was Guillaume Dufay's patron?
the Malatesta familyThis gathering of churchmen from all over Europe may have been the occasion of Dufay's introduction to his first Italian patrons, the Malatesta family. He was in Rimini at the court of the Malatestas in 1419/1420; the works he wrote for members of the family date from this time until 1426.
What was specific event that Du Fay was commissioned to compose a grand motet for?
Nuper rosarum flores ("Recently Flowers of Roses/The Rose Blossoms Recently"), is a motet composed by Guillaume Dufay for the 25 March 1436 consecration of the Florence Cathedral, on the occasion of the completion of the dome built under the instructions of Filippo Brunelleschi.
How do you pronounce Guillaume Dufay?
Guillaume Dufay (pronounce "GHEE-oam Doo-FYE", sometimes spelt Du Fay) (born Beersel?
What is Fauxbourdon technique?
/ ˈfoʊ bərˌdɒn; French foʊ burˈdɔ̃ / PHONETIC RESPELLING. 💼 Post-College Level. noun. Music. a 15th-century compositional technique employing three voices, the upper and lower voices progressing an octave or a sixth apart while the middle voice extemporaneously doubles the upper part at a fourth below.
Which composer also wrote several books on musical theory?
Dufay also wrote several books on musical theory, although these have not survived to the present. A Renaissance composer who had a great impact on the music of this time period. Like some famous musicians today, Prez was often simply referred to as Josquin.
Which device did Renaissance composers use to show words or ideas of lyrics?
Word painting is a device used frequently in Renaissance vocal music, especially madrigals—although it certainly also appeared in church music—in which the musical events are designed to illustrate or reflect the text.
What is the term for the new musical style that became popular in the 14th century?
What is the term for the new musical style that became popular in the 14th century? Ars Nova. A few centuries after Hildegard of Bingen composed her visionary chants, a radically different type of music—polyphony—was developing.
Where was Guillaume Dufay born?
Beersel, BelgiumGuillaume DuFay / Place of birthGuillaume Dufay, Dufay also spelled Du Fay or Du Fayt, (born August 5, 1397?, Beersel, near Brussels, Burgundian Netherlands [now in Belgium]—died November 27, 1474, Cambrai, Bishopric of Cambrai [now in France]), Franco-Flemish composer noted for both his church music and his secular chansons.
Why was Nuper Rosarum Flores composed?
Nuper rosarum flores. Guillaume Dufay's motet Nuper rosarum flores (Recently Roses Blossomed), written for the consecration of Santa Maria del Fiore, the cathedral in Florence, deservedly has become one of the most celebrated compositions of the late Middle Ages.
What was a characteristic of Palestrina's composition?
Contemporary analysis highlighted the modern qualities in the compositions of Palestrina such as research of color and sonority, use of sonic grouping in large-scale setting, interest in vertical as well as horizontal organization, studied attention to text setting.
Which device did Renaissance composers use to show words or ideas of lyrics?
Word painting is a device used frequently in Renaissance vocal music, especially madrigals—although it certainly also appeared in church music—in which the musical events are designed to illustrate or reflect the text.
Which composer was known for his instrumental consort compositions?
William Byrd was known for producing instrumental pieces for consorts.
Which composer a priest who held prominent positions in both Italian courts and French cathedrals was the most influential composer of the 15th century?
Guillaume Dufay - 1397-1474 Dufay was the leading composer of his time and one of the most widely traveled. Patrons competed for his services, and the positions he held in Italy, France and the Lowlands acquainted him with a wide range of musicians and styles.
Who is Guillaume Dufay?
Guillaume Dufay, Dufay also spelled Du Fay or Du Fayt, (born August 5, 1397?, Beersel, near Brussels, Burgundian Netherlands [now in Belgium]—died November 27, 1474, Cambrai, Bishopric of Cambrai [now in France]), Franco-Flemish composer noted for both his church music and his secular chansons. Dufay became a chorister at ...
What did Dufay do?
In 1436 he became a canon of Cambrai and worked in the service of the duke of Savoy. A papal letter of 1437 mentions that he had a degree in canon law, which he may have been given by papal fiat. He went to Cambrai about 1440 and supervised the music of the cathedral, then in the service of the duke of Burgundy. In 1446 he became a canon of Sainte-Waudru, Mons. Dufay’s surviving works include 87 motets, 59 French chansons, 7 Italian chansons, 7 complete masses, and 35 masssections. He often used, and may have originated, the technique of fauxbourdon, a style of compositionbased on the sonorities of the third and sixth notes of the scale and derived from English descant, an improvisational practice.
What style of music did Dufay use?
In these and other works of his Cambrai period, Dufay perfected a graceful and expressive style that incorporated into Continental music the sweet harmonies of the contenance angloise, or “English manner,” that according to Martin le Franc’s Le Champion des dames ( c. 1440) he had adopted from John Dunstable.
How many works did Dufay compose?
He went to Cambrai about 1440 and supervised the music of the cathedral, then in the service of the duke of Burgundy. In 1446 he became a canon of Sainte-Waudru, Mons. Dufay’s surviving works include 87 motets, 59 French chansons, 7 Italian chansons, 7 complete masses, and 35 mass sections.
Where did Dufay go to church?
Dufay became a chorister at the Cambrai cathedral (1409), entered the service of Carlo Malatesta of Rimini in 1420, and in 1428 went to Rome, where he joined the papal singers. In 1436 he became a canon of Cambrai and worked in the service of the duke of Savoy.
What was Dufay's role in the celebration of the feast of the pheasant?
For the brilliant Feast of the Pheasant, held in 1454 by Philip the Goodof Burgundy and intended to initiate a Crusadeto recapture Jerusalem, Dufay composed a lamentation for the church in Constantinople (now Istanbul).
What are Dufay's chansons?
Dufay’s chansons, normally in three voices, deal with subjects such as springtime, love, and melancholy. Most use the poetic-musical forms of the ballade, rondeau, and virelai; a few are written in freer form. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Subscribe Now.
What did Dufay do to become a canon?
The constant skirmishes between the Papacy and the Council threatened Dufay’s career and with the hope of assuming office as Canon at Cambrai he would had to study law . Dufay went on to graduate with a degree in Law from the University of Turin, and then went on to remain in Cambrai for the rest of his life at the previous canon’s residence following his mother’s demise in the year 1445. It was during the early 1440’s where he wrote his extensive collection of liturgic and polyphonic music. These came in the form of his famous masses, Magnificats, antiphons and simple hymns. He was also entrusted with the responsibility of overseeing the work and general administration of the Cathedral.
How long did Dufay stay in Cambrai?
After the scuffle between the Papacy and the church began to heal, Dufay decided to leave Cambrai yet again and this time he did not return to Cambrai for more than six years.
What is Guillaume Dufay known for?
His bold approach also led him to incorporate western music styles into his music that affected and influenced most of his works. Most of his compositions have been compared to the likes of other eminent composers such as Machaut and Beethoven. With commendable versatility and a proclivity, he served in the Papal Choir and was also highly trained in the field of music. Many of the harmonies used in modern music were brought out by Dufay and he had also taught various composers on how to work with modern instruments and understand their different qualities. Dufay was contributory in writing music only for musical instruments and not vocal practices. These included the spinetto, the piano, clarinet and even the viol to name a few. From harmonies to folkloric rhythms of the Medieval Period, Guillaume’s music changed and defined the history of music, which went on to inspire countless musicians after him.
What was the name of the motet that the emperor wrote for the Este family?
By the year 1435, he began his service once again with the Chapel, but this time it was at Florence, and it was here he came up with his legendary motet, ‘Nuper Rosarum Flores’ . He also composed one of his famous ballads for the Este family to whom he was acquainted in the year 1437.
What was the name of the Mass that Dufay composed?
He also went on to create his renowned mass ‘Se la face ay pale’ that went on to inspire a generation of music composers after Dufay.
What instruments did Guillaume play?
These included the spinetto, the piano, clarinet and even the viol to name a few. From harmonies to folkloric rhythms of the Medieval Period, Guillaume’s music changed and defined the history of music, which went on to inspire countless musicians after him. Image Credit. https://www.emaze.com/@AOIZZOQQ/-.
Where was Dufay born?
He was said to have been born in Beersal, Flanders in modern Brussels. Dufay was also said to have been an illicit child born illegitimately to a priest and a woman called ‘Marie Du Fayt’ on August 5, 1397.
Where did Guillaume Dufay study?
Born probably in the province of Hainaut in what is now Belgium, Guillaume Dufay received his musical training at the cathedral school of Cambrai under Nicholas Malin and Richard Loqueville (1409-ca. 1419). One of Loqueville's three-voice works is preserved in a four-voice arrangement by Dufay. Cambrai was famous for its cathedral school and for its bishop, Pierre d'Ailly, one of the more influential figures in the Church at this time, who was also chancellor of the University of Paris. Dufay may have been in his retinue during the bishop's stay at the Council of Constance (1414-1418).
Where did Dufay spend his time?
In his remaining years Dufay's activities can be traced only with difficulty. He is known to have spent much of this time in Cambrai, especially after 1445. According to his will, he also spent at least 5 more years at the court of Savoy. The duchy of Savoy under Louis and his wife, Anne of Cyprus, boasted one of the best chapels in Europe. It appears that during Dufay's later stay in Savoy he received a degree in law from the University of Turin. An incomplete motet, Juvenis qui puellam, jokingly portrays the disputation required of a degree candidate.
What was the style of music that Dufay created?
Dufay's career coincided with the rise of the Burgundian musical style throughout Europe, and he achieved recognition during his life as one of the greatest of its composers. Like other Burgundian composers, he made use of the innovations that had recently been imported into Northern Europe from England. From John Dunstaple and other Englishmen, the composers active in France and the Netherlands during the fifteenth century adopted more complex rhythms and the use of the closer harmonies of the fauxbourdon. Fauxbourdon made use of intervals of thirds and sixths to set the harmony against a plainsong tune that continued to reside in the tenor voice. Eventually, the musical writing that flourished as a result of the popularity of the fauxbourdon tended to become more homophonic, that is, it sounded more like a melody with harmonic accompaniment. In addition, the works of composers like Dufay helped to win acceptance for the use of the third and the sixth, intervals that until this time had often been avoided as dissonances. Dufay was one of the fifteenth-century figures who tamed these intervals, helping to train the Western ear so that these sounds appeared more consonant than previously. As a composer he wrote a wide variety of music, including masses, magnificats, chansons, and motets, much of which survives in important manuscript collections throughout Europe.
What is Juvenis qui puellam?
An incomplete motet, Juvenis qui puellam, jokingly portrays the disputation required of a degree candidate. Dufay became a canon at St. Waltrudis in Mons in 1446, having also received a canonicate in Cambrai in 1436. At St. Waltrudis he met the composer Gilles Binchois, who was a canon there.
How many Dufay compositions are there?
More than 200 compositions by Dufay have been preserved. These include all genres common at the time: Mass Ordinaries, both individual movements and cycles, Mass Propers, motets, and minor liturgical works, as well as French chansons and settings of Italian texts.
Where was Dufay in 1426?
Between 1426 and 1428 Dufay was in Cambrai. A chanson, Adieu ces bon vins de Lannoys, dated 1426 in a contemporary manuscript, may indicate a stay in Laon, a city in which he would hold two benefices in 1430. In 1428 he went to Italy to become a member of the papal chapel, where he remained until 1433.
What was Dufay's will?
Dufay's will, which is preserved , indicates that he achieved considerable material success in life. He made bequests of artworks, music books, and money to various individuals and institutions, including the bequest of four music books to Charles the Bold of Burgundy. He also requested the performance of some of his own music in his last hour and for his last rites. The motet he specified, Ave Regina caelorum, is preserved and has, in addition to the traditional text, a plea for "mercy on thy dying Dufay," indicating that he probably composed it for this purpose. The Requiem Mass he asked to have performed is the earliest polyphonic setting of this service; it has not been preserved.
Where was Guillaume Dufay born?
Guillaume Dufay was born c.1400, most likely 1397, in Belgium. He was the illegitimate child of Marie Du Fayt and a priest. He moved with his mother to Cambrai where he became a choirboy at the cathedral in 1409. He received excellent music and religious education there, impressing the authorities enough to become a subdeacon in 1418.
What did Dufay do in Italy?
Polyphony (music with more than one melody sounding simultaneously) in Italy was very busy with fast moving melodies. Franco-Flemish polyphony was more refined, calmer, and elegant. Dufay imposed his graceful melodies onto the more complex textures of Italy and created a style that would influence composers far into the Renaissance Period.
What was the role of Dufay in the Catholic Church?
Dufay spent the next decade traveling between France and Italy, serving as a musician to various households. In 1428 he became a member of the Papal Choir. These were turbulent times for the Roman Catholic Church, however, with a lot of political wrangling. Dufay continued to move from city to city and position to position as popes were deposed or exiled.
What technique did Dufay use?
In fauxbourdon the different voices move in parallel motion. If one voice goes up, all voices go up. If one voice goes down, all voices go down. Dufay liked to use this technique when it was especially important to understand the text of the piece. The simple parallel movement didn't obscure the words.
Who was the Pope who supported Dufay?
In 1435, Dufay followed Pop e Eugenius to Florence. There, he had the opportunity to meet the d'Este family who were well known for their patronage of the arts. They provided financial support for Dufay for years.
What did Guillaume Dufay do in 1420?
After returning to the Cathedral of Cambrai, he stayed only for a few years. In 1420, he left his position and began traveling. In Italy, Guillaume Dufay met composers like Arnold Lantins and Hugo, who were famous musicians. In the year 1420, Dufay became a priest. Before his brief stay at Rome, he also served under the Pope. In 1435, he started serving at Florence and composed one of his most famous motet – NuperRosarum Flores. Guillaume Dufay began to take a graduate degree in Law from the University of Turin and then returned to Cambrai.He settled there for the rest of his life. After returning to Cambrai, Dufay composed several pieces of music.
When did Dufay join the Cathedral Choir?
And so the Cathedral authorities began his training. He joined the Cathedral choir as a choirboy in 1409. He was taught in those days by Nicholas Madeleine, and he received a copy of the Doctrinalein 1411 when he was only 14 years old.
Who was the overseer of the General Administration of the Cathedral?
Guillaume Dufay also became the overseer of the General Administration of the Cathedral. After this period, Dufay composed one of his lamentations that are his most famous pieces. In the year 1458, he retired from service and traveled to Savoy frequently. He taught his students to compose music, and also tinker with different musical instruments to develop harmonies.
Did Guillaume Dufay marry?
But he was able to keep his personal life extremely private, and only records of his relatives are those of his mother and the people he lived with at Cambrai. It is not known whether he married or not. He also avoided social meetings after his mother’s death in 1444.
